Disease relevance of Slc1a6

• However, in BT4C glioma cells glutamate or other transportable substrates (D-aspartate and L-2,4-trans-PDC) induced cell-surface expression of EAAT4 in a receptor-independent manner [1].

High impact information on Slc1a6

• The consequences of metabotropic receptor stimulation, including activation of a depolarizing conductance, cannabinoid-mediated presynaptic inhibition and long-term depression, are also limited in Purkinje cells expressing high levels of EAAT4 [2].
• The model predicts that PC transporters bind glutamate quickly but that the actual cycling rate of EAAT4 in physiological conditions is slow; therefore, the STC reflects the intrinsic kinetics of the glutamate transporter, not the rate of glutamate clearance [3].
• The glutamate transporter EAAT4 in rat cerebellar Purkinje cells: a glutamate-gated chloride channel concentrated near the synapse in parts of the dendritic membrane facing astroglia [4].
• Antibodies to an excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT4) label a glycoprotein of approximately 65 kDa strongly in the cerebellum and weakly in the forebrain [4].
• EAAT4 is present at low concentrations in the synaptic membrane, but is highly enriched in the parts of the dendritic and spine membranes facing astrocytes (which express GLAST and GLT) compared with parts facing neuronal membranes, suggesting a functional relationship with glial glutamate transporters [4].

Biological context of Slc1a6

• The upregulation of SGK1 may serve to stimulate EAAT4 and thus to reduce neuroexcitotoxicity [5].

Anatomical context of Slc1a6

• Localization and expression of the glutamate transporter, excitatory amino acid transporter 4, within astrocytes of the rat retina [6].
• EAAT4 had a region-specific distribution; EAAT4 was mainly in cerebellum, localized to Purkinje cells, with much lower levels in forebrain [7].
• The presence of EAAT4 in intracellular cisterns and multivesicular organelles may reflect turnover of transporter in the plasma membrane [4].
• In this study we demonstrate that application of arachidonic acid to oocytes expressing rat EAAT4 increased glutamate-induced currents to a similar extent [8].
• Following 12 weeks of diabetes, immunolocalisation and mRNA expression of the two glial cell transporters, GLAST and EAAT4 were evaluated using indirect immunofluorescence and real-time PCR [9].

Associations of Slc1a6 with chemical compounds

• CONCLUSIONS: The molecular identification and localization of xCT and EAAT1 to -5 in the lens raises the possibility that in the outer cortex XC- and EAAT4/5 may work together to accumulate cysteine for GSH synthesis [10].
• Experiments on isolated salamander Muller cells showed that cystine did not block Na+-dependent GLAST glutamate transporters (homologous to the transporters in the Bergmann glia ensheathing the Purkinje cells), nor did it block the current produced by EAAT4 and EAAC1 glutamate transporters in Purkinje cells [11].
• In the hippocampus and neocortex, EAAT4 immunoreactivity was found mainly at small calibre dendrites [12].
• Climbing fiber activation of EAAT4 transporters and kainate receptors in cerebellar Purkinje cells [13].

Other interactions of Slc1a6

• Double labelling of EAAT4 and the glutamate transporter EAAT1 (GLAST) revealed extensive colocalization suggesting that astrocytes in the retina express at least two types of glutamate transporters [6].
• Four glutamate transporter subtypes have been identified in rat brain; GLAST and GLT-1 are primarily astrocytic, whereas EAAC1 and EAAT4 are neuronal [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Slc1a6

• In this study we examined the expression and localization of the glutamate transporter EAAT4 in the rat retina using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry [6].
• RT-PCR using rat EAAT4 specific primers revealed a prominent 296-bp product in the retina, cortex and cerebellum [6].
• We examined the tissue expression levels of EAAT4 in cortex, retina and cerebellum using real-time PCR [6].
• Molecular cloning and expression of the rat EAAT4 glutamate transporter subtype [14].

References