Disease relevance of Antigenic Modulation

• Treatment of the C6/SSPE cells with measles antiserum resulted in the loss of expression of viral proteins located in the membrane as well as inside the cells (antigenic modulation), but it restored neither the endothelin 1-induced Ca2+ rise nor the 125I-endothelin 1 binding [1].
• No significant antigenic modulation of TALLA was observed when T ALL cells were reacted with SN1 [2].
• Role of the main immunogenic region of acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis. An Fab monoclonal antibody protects against antigenic modulation by human sera [3].
• Antigenic modulation induced by monoclonal antibodies: antibodies to measles virus hemagglutinin alters expression of other viral polypeptides in infected cells [4].
• Passive transfer of experimental myasthenia gravis via antigenic modulation of acetylcholine receptor [5].

High impact information on Antigenic Modulation

• The complement-dependent cytotoxicity test was used to study the possibility of antigenic modulation for these cell-surface antigens from the surface of the GRSL cells could be modulated by preincubation with anti-MuMTV serum, in contrast to H-2.8 and Thy 1.2 antigens [6].
• These observations demonstrate that HUVE cells show distinct but overlapping patterns of antigenic modulation in response to three different lymphokines, and suggest that the "activation" of endothelial cells observed in situ may represent a complex integration of several lymphokine-mediated signals [7].
• Because all of these modulate the receptor, these data indicate that the functional difference between monovalent and bivalent binding to CD3 is related to antibody valency and not to antigenic modulation [8].
• In the present study, we examined the antigenic modulation of AChR by using patients' sera and cultures of human muscle cells [9].
• We here examine the relative contribution of the anti-MIR antibody fraction (as well as of another fraction) to the antigenic modulation caused by MG patients' sera [3].

Chemical compound and disease context of Antigenic Modulation

• In vitro antigenic modulation of human neuroblastoma cells induced by IFN-gamma, retinoic acid and dibutyryl cyclic AMP [10].

Biological context of Antigenic Modulation

• Thus, we suggest that antibody affinity may be a significant factor influencing antigenic modulation of CALLA in vitro [11].
• To determine whether sequences in the coding region were sufficient to respond to antigenic modulation, a vrg-6::TnphoA promoter deletion plasmid that contained a heterologous promoter driving the expression of vrg-6 coding sequences from the vrg-6 translation start site to the TnphoA fusion junction was constructed [12].

Anatomical context of Antigenic Modulation

• Additional studies with BA-3 failed to demonstrate significant antigenic modulation of CALLA in vitro using fresh leukemic cells and leukemic cell lines [11].
• Therefore, we tested antigenic modulation of the acetylcholine receptor on human embryonic myotubes in cultures [13].
• To evaluate the possibility of antigenic modulation in vivo, we studied the expression of the CD7 antigen on the surface of peripheral blood and intrasynovial lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [14].

Associations of Antigenic Modulation with chemical compounds

• Bacterial expression of a single-chain Fv fragment which efficiently protects the acetylcholine receptor against antigenic modulation caused by myasthenic antibodies [15].
• 2. Antigenic modulation of MLr as tested by trypan-blue exclusion and by chromium51 release does not lead to a measurable change in the expression of H-2K, H-2D, TL and Thy1.2 antigens [16].
• The triazene derivative 1-p-(3-methyltriazeno)benzoic acid potassium salt (MTBA) shows pharmacological properties similar to those of 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC, trade name dacarbazine), which is known to induce antigenic modulation in tumor cells (xenogenization) and is currently used in cancer therapy [17].
• We conclude that chlorpromazine temporarily inhibits antigenic modulation in vivo, presumably through its action on calcium-mediated antibody-cell surface antigen interaction [18].

Gene context of Antigenic Modulation

• The present study concerns the antibody-induced antigenic modulation of CD4, CD5, CD7, and 150-kDa antigens present on cells of the CCRF-CEM human T line [19].
• Capping of sIg via antigen binding (i.e. antigenic modulation) constitutes the initial signal for B-cell activation [20].
• Incubation of human leukemic cells expressing CALLA with specific monoclonal antibody (J5) at 37 degrees C causes rapid and selective internalization and degradation of this antigen (antigenic modulation) [21].
• The assay has also been used to quantitate the changes in TL antigen expression on cells incubated in anti-TL antisera under conditions of antigenic modulation [22].
• Antigenic modulation of INF-lymph obtained from HLA-A1+ individuals with HLA-A1 typing alloantisera eliminated subsequent lysis mediated by HLA-A1 alloantibodies and complement but not lysis with platelet absorbed antibodies included in the cluster associated with HLA-A1 [23].

References