Disease relevance of Metrial Gland

• METHOD OF STUDY: Chromium-release assays using mouse metrial gland cell suspensions targeted against Wehi 164 fibrosarcoma cells were used [1].

High impact information on Metrial Gland

• Pregnancies from matings of homozygous NK and T cell-deficient tg epsilon 26 mice have <1% of normal uNK cell frequency, no development of an implantation site-associated metrial gland, and an edematous decidua with vascular pathology that includes abnormally high vessel walls/lumens ratios [2].
• Perforin-expressing granulated metrial gland cells in murine deciduoma [3].
• Immunogold labeling of perforin and serine esterases in granulated metrial gland cells [4].
• Granzymes D, E, F, and G are regulated through pregnancy and by IL-2 and IL-15 in granulated metrial gland cells [5].
• Murine granulated metrial gland cells at uterine implantation sites are natural killer lineage cells [6].

Biological context of Metrial Gland

• Perforin has also been localized in granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells of the murine embryo implantation site by light microscopic immunostaining [4].
• The correlation of metrial gland weight and kinetics of the tissue oestradiol and progesterone receptors contents with the circulating oestradiol and progesterone concentrations lead to the following conclusions [7].
• It is likely that GMG cell differentiation was delayed in pregnant aly/aly mice, due to a mesenchymal disorder affecting metrial gland development in this animal [8].

Anatomical context of Metrial Gland

• It has previously been shown that granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells of the pregnant uterus express abundant quantities of the lymphocyte pore-forming protein, perforin [3].
• Although stromal cells that were located in macrophage-rich uterine compartments (myometrium, metrial gland) contained TNF-alpha mRNA, the cells did not contain high levels of immunoreactive TNF-alpha [9].
• Estrogen and progesterone receptors in the endometrium, myometrium, and metrial gland of the rat during the decidualization process [10].
• We asked whether uterine NK cells, also known as granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells, die in situ and if expression of Fas antigen is essential for their death [11].
• Granulated metrial gland cells (alpha4+beta7-, probably alpha4beta1+) constitute a well-defined cluster positioned in the central decidua basalis around venules prominently expressing the alpha4beta1 ligand VCAM-1 (but not MAdCAM-1) [12].

Associations of Metrial Gland with chemical compounds

• The receptor changes in the myometrium were not as pronounced as in the endometrium especially with regard to the low myometrial levels of nuclear E2 and P. The metrial gland which comes into prominence while the deciduoma is regressing, showed sustained high concentrations of cytosolic P receptor [10].
• A study has been made of the differentiation of granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells in ovariectomized mice given progesterone and oestradiol at a time equivalent to the first 6 days of pregnancy [13].
• During the first 2 days of culture IgG was detected in glycoprotein granule-containing granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells [14].
• The asialo-GM1 antigen was found on rat GMG cells in culture and in cryostat sections of rat metrial gland [15].
• The possibility that purine-degrading and oxyradical-forming enzymes support decidual as well as metrial gland regression, and thus placental separation, by direct tissue damage and/or by indirect rupture of lysosomal membranes, inducing the release of acid hydrolases, is considered [16].

Gene context of Metrial Gland

• IGFBP-2, -5 and -6 mRNAs were detected in the stroma of the metrial gland [17].
• METHOD: uNK cells migrating from explant cultures of the metrial gland were assessed for expression (mRNA and protein) of each chain of the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) [18].
• In this study, inducible and endothelial NOS isoforms were immunolocalized to rat granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells using anti-NOS antibodies proven to be isoform specific [19].
• The number of metrial gland cells as well as the number of uterine leucocytes expressing CSF-1 and c-fms mRNAs was substantially lower in the uteroplacental unit of mice with pregnancy loss than in control animals [20].
• On days 13 and 14, expression for IGF-I mRNA could be detected in the mesometrial decidua and metrial gland but no expression was observed for IGF-II mRNA [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Metrial Gland

• Effects of exogenous progesterone following ovariectomy on the metrial glands of pregnant mice [22].

References