Disease relevance of Zingiberaceae

• The topical anti-inflammatory activity of three non-phenolic linear 1,7-diarylheptanoids, previously isolated from a Thai medicinal plant, Curcuma xanthorrhiza (Zingiberaceae) and four new semi-synthetic derivatives of the naturally occurring compounds were assessed in the murine model of ethyl phenylpropiolate-induced ear edema [1].
• (Zingiberaceae), three curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, were found to protect PC12 rat pheochromocytoma and normal human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells from betaA(1-42) insult, as measured by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay [2].
• (Zingiberaceae), against tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cytotoxicity was investigated in a human hepatoma cell line, HepG2 [3].
• The cytotoxic activity of flavonoid from Temu Kunci (Kaempferia pandurata) was tested by brine shrimp lethality test and cell culture of human mammary carcinoma [4].
• The 95% EtOH extract of the seeds of Alpinia blepharocalyx (Zingiberaceae) showed significant antiproliferative activity towards human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma and murine colon 26-L5 carcinoma cells [5].

High impact information on Zingiberaceae

• [6]-Gingerol, a pungent ingredient of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae), has a wide array of pharmacologic effects [6].
• Curcumin, a yellow coloring ingredient of turmeric (Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae), has been shown to inhibit experimental carcinogenesis and mutagenesis, but molecular mechanisms underlying its chemopreventive activities remain unclear [7].
• An example is curcumin (Curcuma longa Linn., Zingiberaceae), which has been shown to inhibit tumor promotion in experimental carcinogenesis [8].
• In our search for NF-kappaB inhibitors from natural resources, we identified cardamomin, 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone, as an inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation from Alpinia conchigera Griff (Zingiberaceae) [9].
• Xanthorrhizol, a natural sesquiterpenoid isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb (Zingiberaceae), has antibacterial activities and protective effects against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity [10].

Biological context of Zingiberaceae

• (Zingiberaceae) (CLE), having O2*- scavenging activity rescued PC12 cells from pyrogallol-induced cell death [11].
• (Zingiberaceae), exhibited a potent inhibition of COX-2 (IC50 = 0.2 microg/mL) and iNOS activity (IC50 = 1.0 microg/mL) in the assay system of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) accumulation and nitric oxide production, respectively [12].
• Seasonal variation and analgesic properties of different parts from Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) grown in Brazil [13].

Anatomical context of Zingiberaceae

• (Zingiberaceae) protected normal human keratinocytes from hypoxanthine/ xanthine oxidase injury [14].

Associations of Zingiberaceae with chemical compounds

• In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of panduratin A isolated from Kaempferia pandurata in RAW264.7 cells [15].
• [6]-Paradol, a pungent phenolic compound present in certain Zingiberaceae plants, is known to have antimicrobial and analgesic activities [16].
• (Zingiberaceae) led to the isolation of three non-phenolic diarylheptanoids, identified mainly by high-field 1H-NMR as trans-trans-1,7-diphenyl-1,3-heptadien-4-one (alnustone), trans-1,7-diphenyl-1-hepten-5-ol, and trans,trans-1,7-diphenyl-1,3-heptadien-5-ol [17].
• Anti-inflammatory cyclohexenyl chalcone derivatives in Boesenbergia pandurata [18].
• The cyclohexenyl chalcone derivative [(-)-hydroxypanduratin A], together with the previously known panduratin A, sakuranetin, pinostrobin, pinocembrin, and dihydro-5,6-dehydrokawain were isolated from the chloroform extract of the red rhizome variety of Boesenbergia pandurata (Robx.) Schltr [18].

Gene context of Zingiberaceae

• We previously showed that panduratin A isolated from an extract of Kaempferia pandurata (Zingiberaceae) was a strong inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in RAW264.7 cells, suggesting a potential use of panduratin A as an anti-inflammatory agent [19].
• Tomé and Príncipe: Aframomum danielli (Hook. f.) K [20].
• Pinostrobin from honey and Thai ginger (Boesenbergia pandurata): a potent flavonoid inducer of mammalian phase 2 chemoprotective and antioxidant enzymes [21].
• Activity-guided isolation of constituents of Renealmia nicolaioides with the potential to induce the phase II enzyme quinone reductase [22].
• On the basis of the extremely high QR inducing potency of one of these compounds, pinostrobin (5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone), a bioassay-guided search was conducted which revealed a dietary source of pinostrobin, Boesenbergia pandurata (fingerroot), with extraordinarily high ability to induce mammalian phase 2 detoxication enzymes [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Zingiberaceae

• For instance, curcumin, a yellow colouring agent from turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn., Zingiberaceae) has been shown to inhibit tumor formation in diverse animal models [23].

References