Disease relevance of Enzactin

• Because of its water solubility, lack of toxicity, and favorable effects on protein metabolism, further studies are warranted regarding the use of triacetin as a parenteral nutrient [1].
• In addition, expression of the est gene conferred on E. coli the ability to grow on simple triglycerides such as triacetin (TAC) [2].
• Reports of 1,2-glyceryl diesters, which may be present in Triacetin, affecting cell growth and proliferation raised the possibility of hyperplasia and/or tumor promotion [3].

High impact information on Enzactin

• In conclusion, during intravenous administration in dogs, the majority of infused triacetin undergoes intravascular hydrolysis, and the majority of the resulting acetate is oxidized [4].
• Animals received infusions of triacetin at 1.0 x estimated resting energy expenditure (REE), hyperenergetic triacetin at 1.5 x REE, glycerol, or saline during infusion of [1-14C]leucine [1].
• There was no difference in leucine oxidation between the dogs given triacetin at 1.0 x REE and control groups, whereas leucine oxidation decreased by 53% during triacetin infusion at 1.5 x REE (P < 0.05) [1].
• In the present study triacetin was administered intravenously to mongrel dogs (n = 10) 2 wk after surgical placement of blood-sampling catheters in the aorta and in the portal, hepatic, renal, and femoral veins [4].
• Parenteral nutrition with 50% triacetin and 50% LCTs promoted a positive nitrogen balance similar to that of 100% LCTs, increased protein in rectus muscle and liver, smaller and more numerous mucosal cells in jejunum and colon, and increased colonic mucosal weight compared with the other groups [5].

Biological context of Enzactin

• Triacetin did not appreciably affect whole-body and tissue leucine kinetics [5].
• Other permeation enhancers commonly used in transdermal formulations are isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, triacetin, isostearylic isostearate, R(+)-limonene and medium chain triglycerides [6].
• The 50% triacetin emulsion showed an intravenous LD50 of 1.2 ml/kg in Swiss-Webster mice [7].
• The treatments were the addition of acetate in the form of triacetin to the basal diet at 0, 5 and 10% of the metabolizable energy intake [8].
• (i) HLL adapts the 'open' conformation in triacetin, with the alpha-helical surface loop moving so as to expose the active site [9].

Anatomical context of Enzactin

• Parenteral nutrition with short- and long-chain triglycerides: triacetin reduces atrophy of small and large bowel mucosa and improves protein metabolism in burned rats [5].
• Effects of the short-chain triglyceride triacetin on intestinal mucosa and metabolic substrates in rats [10].
• METHODS: Mares, with known reproductive histories, that had exhibited inexplicable failure of conception were treated by laparoscopically guided administration of PGE2-laced triacetin gel directly onto the surface of their oviducts [11].
• Purified carboxyl ester hydrolase (carboxylic-ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.1) from human pancreatic juice was found to hydrolyze triacetin, methyl butyrate and glycerides solubilized by bile salts [12].
• Thirty percent and 20% of triacetin based on polymer weight were found to be appropriate plasticizers for ethylcellulose membranes and acrylate-methacrylate copolymer membranes, respectively [13].

Associations of Enzactin with other chemical compounds

• Lastly, digital Fourier filtering alone is shown to have only limited ability to isolate glucose signals from those of BSA and triacetin due to similarities in the widths of the absorption bands of the three species [14].
• Crosses were set up within each of these inbred lines such that simple mendelian ratios were expected, and eggs from these crosses were placed on media with additions simple chemicals likely to interact with alleles of the two loci--octanol and ethanol for the ODH locus and tributyrin and triacetin for the E-5 locus [15].
• These results indicate that incorporation of the short-chain triglyceride, triacetin, in nutritionally balanced total parenteral nutrition formulas improves nitrogen balance with no overt toxic effects [16].
• Secondary plasticizers with a low molecular weight and a solubility parameter similar to that of Eudragit E-100 polymer and triacetin were compatible [17].
• DSC thermograms supported the findings of the tensile test: plasticizers with several small ester groups (e.g., triacetin and triethyl citrate) were the most compatible with SA [18].

Gene context of Enzactin

• BSA and triacetin are used to model the protein and triglycerides in blood, respectively, and are present in levels spanning the normal human physiological range [19].
• The results showed that the recombinant cholesterol esterase displayed both lipolytic and lipoamidase activities and was capable of hydrolysing triacetin and lipoyl-4-aminobenzoate (LPAB) [20].
• IR (Ar, 13 K) and ESR (triacetin, 77 K) data are compatible with the generation of triplet halocarbenonitrenes 2-X, (X = F, Cl, and Br) [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Enzactin

• An excess of triacetin was added to the emulsion so that water could be extracted into the continuous phase, allowing the insulin-loaded microsphere precipitation [22].
• We have therefore used triacetin as a substrate and compared out method with potentiometry (pH-stat) and spectrophotometry [23].
• The qualitative and quantitative analytical methods were proposed for the simple and rapid determination of triacetin (TAc) in commercial gummy candies and other foodstuffs by gas chromatography (GC), thin layer chromatography (TLC) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) [24].

References