Disease relevance of Emcol-IM

• Batch-swirl method for detoxification of isopropyl myristate used for sterility testing of oils and ointments: membrane selection [1].
• Cellulose acetate filters increased the filtration rate of oils and ointments and, thus, reduced the exposure time of possible microbial contaminants to the toxicity of isopropyl myristate [1].
• Allergic contact dermatitis from isohexadecane and isopropyl myristate [2].
• The D-value method was used to assess the antimicrobial activity of isopropyl palmitate, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate and isopropyl myristate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa [3].

High impact information on Emcol-IM

• Other permeation enhancers commonly used in transdermal formulations are isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, triacetin, isostearylic isostearate, R(+)-limonene and medium chain triglycerides [4].
• The particle size obtained for the microemulsion region ranged from 5 to 14 nm over the measured concentrations of water/isopropyl myristate/Epikuron 200 and n-propanol, which agreed well with the previous literature data [5].
• This was attributed to a more efficient intracellular accumulation of paclitaxel via WGA-receptor-mediated endocytosis and IPM-facilitated intracellular paclitaxel release [6].
• This increased hydrophilicity of the SC bilayer might have resulted in unfavorable conditions for ethanol/isopropyl myristate (1:1) along with PCL to penetrate into skin, therefore permeability was reduced [7].
• Near-infrared reflectance spectrometry in the study of atopy. Part 2. Interactions between the skin and polyethylene glycol 400, isopropyl myristate and hydrogel [8].

Biological context of Emcol-IM

• The addition of isopropyl myristate or (+)-limonene to the gel formulation significantly improved percutaneous absorption, particularly when the gel was applied using an occlusive dressing technique [9].
• In order to characterize the release kinetics of caffeine from the film, a polyethylene membrane, impregnated with isopropyl myristate was employed [10].

Anatomical context of Emcol-IM

• No correlation was found between transfer though the synthetic membranes (cellulose acetate impregnated with isopropyl myristate and silicone rubber soaked in isopropyl myristate) and that observed through skin [11].
• Egg yolk PC liposomes contaning retinoic acid at a molar ratio of 4 : 1 increased the delivery of retinoic acid about two-fold, compared with its addition as an isopropyl myristate solution [12].
• The stratum corneum immersed in IPM forms a continuous phase of vehicle and stratum corneum and, from the phase, ethanol transport the MH-alkanolamine complexes to the epidermis and dermis, and the complexes, which are more water soluble than MH, exhibit increased partition into the epidermis and dermis, as the flux increases [13].
• Confocal laser scanning microscopy observation indicated that sweat gland and hair follicle also provided the path for transdermal permeation of lecithin/n-propanol/isopropyl myristate/water microemulsion [14].

Associations of Emcol-IM with other chemical compounds

• The ability of the 6-mono-6-MP prodrugs to deliver 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) through hairless mouse skin from isopropyl myristate (IPM) and propylene glycol (PG) has been evaluated [15].
• In vitro diffusion cell design and validation. I. A stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for betamethasone 17-valerate in purified isopropyl myristate receptor phase [16].
• In all cases, the effect of the 6-CARB-6-MP:IPM suspensions on the permeability of the skin, as determined by the second application flux of theophylline:propylene glycol, was of the same magnitude as the effect of IPM alone [17].
• The penetration of acyclovir through hairless mouse skin from IPA was enhanced by 7GU, whereas that from IPM was not affected [18].
• Eight hours after topical administration of these formulations, the efficiency of uptake of erythromycin into the living skin strata was in the order: liposomal isopropyl myristate emulsion > > liposomal mineral oil emulsion > > nonionic liposomes approximately Emgel approximately Theramycin-Z > > conventional emulsion > > hydroalcoholic solution [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Emcol-IM

• Microemulsion composed of Span20 + Tween20 isopropyl myristate (IPM) + H2O were investigated as potential drug delivery systems for eye drops [20].
• Methods: The ventral forearms of human volunteers were treated for 4 h with TBF, at a concentration equal to 1/4 saturation, in isopropyl myristate (IPM), in ethanol (EtOH) and in 50:50 v/v IPM/EtOH [21].
• The study investigated effect of pre-treatment with commonly used vehicles such as ethanol (EtOH), propylene glycol (PG), water and their binary combinations, dimethyl acetamide (DMA), 10% dimethyl acetamide in water, ethyl acetate (EtAc) and isopropyl myristate (IPM) on insulin iontophoresis [22].
• Pharmacokinetic study of taxol-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres containing isopropyl myristate after targeted delivery to the lung in mice [23].
• A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure for quantitating ketoprofen in isopropyl myristate (IPM), a compound widely used as a receptor medium in drug diffusion studies of topical aqueous-based formulations, is developed [24].

References