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Chemical Compound Review

Cefditoren     (6R)-7-[[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3- thiazol-4-yl)...

Synonyms:
 
 
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Disease relevance of Cefditoren

  • Thus, cefditoren pivoxil is a good option for the treatment of adult and adolescent patients with specific respiratory tract or skin infections, particularly if there is concern about Streptococcus pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin, or beta-lactamase-mediated resistance among the common community-acquired pathogens [1].
  • Of the important Gram-negative pathogens, cefditoren had potent antibacterial effects against beta-lactamase-positive and -negative Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae and beta-lactamase-positive and -negative Moraxella catarrhalis [2].
  • Cefditoren does not have antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or atypical respiratory pathogens and has only variable activity against anaerobes [2].
  • In patients with streptococcal pharyngitis, a 10-day course of cefditoren pivoxil 200mg twice daily produced clinical cure rates of 94% at 4 to 7 days after treatment, which were similar to those observed for phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium 250 mg four times daily [2].
  • In two, randomised, double-blind trials involving patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB), cefditoren 200 and 400mg twice daily for 10 days produced clinical cure rates of 88 to 89% within 48 hours of treatment completion [2].
 

High impact information on Cefditoren

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Cefditoren

 

Biological context of Cefditoren

  • Cefditoren and WY-49605 had the lowest MICs and most favourable time-kill kinetics of all beta-lactams tested [10].
  • OBJECTIVE: This article briefly reviews the chemistry, antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of cefditoren [11].
  • Cefditoren is stable to hydrolysis by many common beta-lactamases [11].
  • The rapid bactericidal nature of the antibacterial activity of cefditoren, its post antibiotic effect, penicillin binding protein targets, and extent of beta-lactamase stability are all favorable qualities [12].
  • Furthermore, the changes in the acidic and basic properties on the surface of amorphous cefditoren pivoxil powder were investigated using IGC under various relative humidities (RHs) [13].
 

Anatomical context of Cefditoren

  • Simultaneous intravenous and intramiddle-ear dosing to determine cefditoren influx and efflux clearances in middle ear fluid in freely moving chinchillas [14].
  • Cefditoren is rapidly absorbed (time to peak plasma concentration, approximately 2-3 hours) from the gastrointestinal tract and is almost completely eliminated via renal clearance of unchanged drug [11].
 

Associations of Cefditoren with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of Cefditoren

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cefditoren

  • Success in the clinical trials will further define the role of cefditoren in this era of emerging resistant bacterial pathogens [12].
  • The use of inverse gas chromatography to assess the acid-base contributions to surface energies of cefditoren pivoxil and methacrylate copolymers and possible links to instability [21].
  • Quantification of the cephalosporin antibiotic cefditoren in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography [20].
  • A disc-testing breakpoint for cefditoren (5 microg/disc) was proposed, with the susceptibility statistically defined as a diameter of > or =24 mm, which corresponds to the breakpoint (1 microg/ml) of the microdilution method recommended by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy [22].

References

  1. Cefditoren pivoxil: a review of its use in the treatment of bacterial infections. Wellington, K., Curran, M.P. Drugs (2004) [Pubmed]
  2. Cefditoren pivoxil. Darkes, M.J., Plosker, G.L. Drugs (2002) [Pubmed]
  3. Impact on carnitine homeostasis of short-term treatment with the pivalate prodrug cefditoren pivoxil. Brass, E.P., Mayer, M.D., Mulford, D.J., Stickler, T.K., Hoppel, C.L. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. (2003) [Pubmed]
  4. Effects of amino acid alterations in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 1a, 2b, and 2x on PBP affinities of penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefditoren, cefuroxime, cefprozil, and cefaclor in 18 clinical isolates of penicillin-susceptible, -intermediate, and -resistant pneumococci. Nagai, K., Davies, T.A., Jacobs, M.R., Appelbaum, P.C. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2002) [Pubmed]
  5. Are {beta}-lactam breakpoints adequate to define non-susceptibility for all Haemophilus influenzae resistance phenotypes from a pharmacodynamic point of view? Alou, L., Giménez, M.J., Sevillano, D., Aguilar, L., González, N., Echeverría, O., Torrico, M., Coronel, P., Prieto, J. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2007) [Pubmed]
  6. In vitro susceptibility of recent clinical isolates of pneumococci to the investigational cephalosporin cefditoren. Karlowsky, J.A., Jones, M.E., Draghi, D.C., Critchley, I.A., Thornsberry, C., Sahm, D.F. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2002) [Pubmed]
  7. Randomized, double-blind, multicenter comparison of oral cefditoren 200 or 400 mg BID with either cefuroxime 250 mg BID or cefadroxil 500 mg BID for the treatment of uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections. Bucko, A.D., Hunt, B.J., Kidd, S.L., Hom, R. Clinical therapeutics. (2002) [Pubmed]
  8. Antimicrobial activity and in vitro susceptibility test development for cefditoren against Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus species. Johnson, D.M., Biedenbach, D.J., Beach, M.L., Pfaller, M.A., Jones, R.N. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2000) [Pubmed]
  9. In vitro antibacterial activity of FK041, a new orally active cephalosporin. Watanabe, Y., Hatano, K., Matsumoto, Y., Tawara, S., Yamamoto, H., Kawabata, K., Takasugi, H., Matsumoto, F., Kuwahara, S. J. Antibiot. (1999) [Pubmed]
  10. Time-kill studies on susceptibility of nine penicillin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci to cefditoren compared with nine other beta-lactams. Spangler, S.K., Jacobs, M.R., Appelbaum, P.C. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1997) [Pubmed]
  11. Review of cefditoren, an advanced-generation, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin. Guay, D.R. Clinical therapeutics. (2001) [Pubmed]
  12. Cefditoren in vitro activity and spectrum: a review of international studies using reference methods. Jones, R.N., Pfaller, M.A., Jacobs, M.R., Appelbaum, P.C., Fuchs, P.C. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2001) [Pubmed]
  13. Determination of the changes in surface energetics of cefditoren pivoxil as a consequence of processing induced disorder and equilibration to different relative humidities. Ohta, M., Buckton, G. International journal of pharmaceutics. (2004) [Pubmed]
  14. Simultaneous intravenous and intramiddle-ear dosing to determine cefditoren influx and efflux clearances in middle ear fluid in freely moving chinchillas. Zhu, T., Cheung, B.W., Cartier, L.L., Giebink, G.S., Sawchuk, R.J. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. (2003) [Pubmed]
  15. Cefditoren pivoxil versus cefpodoxime proxetil for community-acquired pneumonia: results of a multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind study. van Zyl, L., le Roux, J.G., LaFata, J.A., Volk, R.S., Palo, W.A., Flamm, R., Hom, R.C. Clinical therapeutics. (2002) [Pubmed]
  16. Cefditoren activity against nearly 1000 non-fastidious bacterial isolates and the development of in vitro susceptibility test methods. Jones, R.N., Biedenbach, D.J., Johnson, D.M. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2000) [Pubmed]
  17. An in vitro characterization of cefditoren, a new oral cephalosporin. Felmingham, D., Robbins, M.J., Ghosh, G., Bhogal, H., Mehta, M.D., Leakey, A., Clark, S., Dencer, C.A., Ridgway, G.L., Grüneberg, R.N. Drugs under experimental and clinical research. (1994) [Pubmed]
  18. Phase I clinical trial of cefditoren pivoxil (ME 1207): pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. Li, J.T., Hou, F., Lu, H., Li, T.Y., Li, H. Drugs under experimental and clinical research. (1997) [Pubmed]
  19. Determination of cefditoren (ME 1206) in the plasma of elderly patients with multiple diseases using high-performance liquid chromatography. Rieck, W., Platt, D. Clin. Lab. (2000) [Pubmed]
  20. Quantification of the cephalosporin antibiotic cefditoren in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. Nirogi, R.V., Kandikere, V.N., Shrivastava, W., Mudigonda, K. Arzneimittel-Forschung. (2006) [Pubmed]
  21. The use of inverse gas chromatography to assess the acid-base contributions to surface energies of cefditoren pivoxil and methacrylate copolymers and possible links to instability. Ohta, M., Buckton, G. International journal of pharmaceutics. (2004) [Pubmed]
  22. Differentiation of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae from other H. influenzae strains by a disc method. Ubukata, K., Chiba, N., Hasegawa, K., Shibasaki, Y., Sunakawa, K., Nonoyama, M., Iwata, S., Konno, M. J. Infect. Chemother. (2002) [Pubmed]
 
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