Disease relevance of cefadroxil

• A randomized, double-blind, multicenter study was conducted in 374 patients to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 7-10-day regimen of oral temafloxacin (600 mg b.i.d.) or oral cefadroxil (500 mg b.i.d.) in the treatment of mild to moderate staphylococcal or streptococcal infection of the skin or skin structure [1].
• Cefadroxil kinetics in patients with renal insufficiency [2].
• Except in advanced renal failure, tubular secretion was present since renal clearance of cefadroxil exceeded CCr [2].
• We conclude that once-daily cefadroxil is at least as effective as three-times-daily penicillin in producing bacteriologic eradication and clinical symptomatic improvement in children with GABHS pharyngitis [3].
• This multicentre open study evaluated the responses of 474 adult and paediatric patients with upper or lower respiratory tract infections to treatment with cefadroxil (25 to 50 mg/kg in children and 500 mg to 1 g in adults) twice daily for 10 to 30 days [4].

Psychiatry related information on cefadroxil

• These characteristics permit the administration of cefadroxil during meals on a once-daily or twice-daily basis, thus encouraging patient compliance which often determines the successful management of out-patient infections [5].

High impact information on cefadroxil

• A single clone (rPepT2) was isolated that stimulated cefadroxil uptake into oocytes approximately 70-fold at a pH of 6 [6].
• Injection of poly(A)+ RNA isolated from rabbit kidney cortex into oocytes resulted in expression of a pH-dependent transport activity for the aminocephalosporin antibiotic cefadroxil [6].
• Cyclacillin was 9-fold more potent than cefadroxil in competing with glycylsacosine for uptake via PEPT 1 [7].
• In contrast, cefadroxil was 13-fold more potent than cyclacillin in competing with the dipeptide for uptake via PEPT 2 [7].
• Kinetic parameters and bioavailability of cefadroxil were studied in 20 subjects with differing renal function as measured by endogenous creatinine clearance (CCr) [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of cefadroxil

• Thirty-four patients with community-acquired acute pneumonias were treated in a prospective, randomized trial with either cefadroxil, 500 mg twice daily, or cephalexin, 250 mg four times daily [8].
• Thus, cefadroxil was shown to be well tolerated and as effective as the standard agent, oral penicillin V, in the treatment of GABHS pharyngitis in children [9].
• 103 young male Black African gold-miners with pneumococcal pneumonia confirmed by culture or serology were randomly assigned to receive the long acting oral cephalosporin cefadroxil 1 g every 12 hours or cefaclor 500 mg every 8 hours for 10 days [10].
• In this open randomised study, 42 patients with lower respiratory tract infections received cefadroxil 1 g or co-trimoxazole 1 double-strength tablet every 12 hours for a mean duration of 11 and 13 days, respectively [11].
• A total of 150 children from two pediatric practices with clinical and bacteriologic evidence of acute group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis randomly received cefadroxil monohydrate (75 children) or phenoxymethyl penicillin (75 children) [3].

Biological context of cefadroxil

• The human oral pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil were studied in parallel at doses of 250, 500, and 1,000 mg in three groups of 10 healthy young male volunteers [12].
• Clinical pharmacology of cefadroxil in infants and children [13].
• Not only does cefadroxil exhibit a longer serum half-life, and thus a prolonged duration of activity, but it is virtually unaffected by simultaneous food intake [5].
• The penetrability of cefadroxil in sputum, pleural fluid and lung tissue was examined in patients with acute respiratory infections, or who were undergoing thoracic surgery [14].
• In summary, our studies demonstrate for the first time uphill transport of cefadroxil in kidney BBMV mediated by multiple carrier systems [15].

Anatomical context of cefadroxil

• Cefadroxil was given as a suspension in a daily dose of 30 to 50 mg/kg in 2 divided doses every 12 hours to all but 76 patients; 50 patients with acute otitis media were given 100 mg/kg/day in 2 doses and 26 patients with urinary tract infections received 25 mg/day once daily [16].
• Penetration and concentration of cefadroxil in sputum, lung and pleural fluid [14].
• Transport of cefadroxil, an aminocephalosporin antibiotic, across the small intestinal brush border membrane [17].
• These findings demonstrate that PEPT2 is the primary transporter responsible for cefadroxil uptake in the choroid plexus [18].
• The transport characteristics of cefadroxil, an aminocephalosporin antibiotic, across the brush border membrane of rat small intestine were investigated by a rapid filtration technique [17].

Associations of cefadroxil with other chemical compounds

• Pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil and cefaclor during an eight-day dosage period [19].
• Approximately 8% of the patients treated with either cefadroxil or penicillin V had strains of GABHS isolated from 1 of their follow-up throat cultures which were identical to the strains isolated from their initial throat cultures, and were considered bacteriological treatment failures [9].
• Pathogens were isolated in the pre-treatment sputum of 51% of patients given cefadroxil and in 25% of those who received co-trimoxazole [11].
• The in-vitro activity of a new oral carbacephem, LY163892, was compared with cefaclor, cephalexin, cephradine, cefadroxil and selected penicillins against 529 bacterial isolates [20].
• Comparative pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil, cefaclor, cephalexin and cephradine in infants and children [21].

Gene context of cefadroxil

• The pathogen eradication rate for MRSA was 92.3 and 85.7% in the linezolid and cefadroxil groups, respectively (P = 0.64) [22].
• Ten days of cefadroxil therapy was used to treat 44 children with urinary tract infection and CRP values greater than or equal to 28 microgram/ml (CRP-positive group) [23].
• The influence of cefadroxil on LTB4-receptor expression of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was studied [24].
• Amoxicillin and cefadroxil, the internal standard, were extracted from 50-200 microliters of sample with Bond Elut C18 cartridges [25].
• Amongst the zwitterionic cephalosporins, which all inhibit PAH transport, the amino cephalosporin analogue cefadroxil was identified to interact also with NMeN transport (Ki,PAH = 3.0, Ki,NMeN = 11.2 mmol/l) [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of cefadroxil

• Pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil after oral administration in humans [12].
• Analysis of cefadroxil by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography: development and validation [27].
• Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefadroxil were determined for 749 defined clinically-significant bacteria isolated in a London teaching hospital and for 63 strains from an international collection of Gram-negative bacilli [28].
• Column liquid chromatography and microbiological assay compared for determination of cefadroxil preparations [29].
• A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of oral cefadroxil monohydrate (30 mg/kg QD or 15 mg/kg BID) with that of oral penicillin V (8, 10, or 15 mg/kg BID, TID, or QID) in the treatment of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) pharyngitis and tonsillitis treated for 10 days [30].

References