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Disease relevance of Glo1

• Selective activation of apoptosis program by S-p-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester in glyoxalase I-overexpressing human lung cancer cells [1].
• Many streptomyces strains produced an inhibitor of crude glyoxalase prepared from rat liver which did not inhibit glyoxalase I prepared from yeast [2].
• Modification of the cells glyoxalase system during hyperglycaemia, especially the enhanced production of methylglyoxal may be a significant biochemical factor in the development of diabetic complications [3].

Psychiatry related information on Glo1

• Association analysis of the functional Ala111Glu polymorphism of the glyoxalase I gene in panic disorder [4].

High impact information on Glo1

• Microarray analysis of gene expression in mice with mutations in Acads indicates overexpression of Glo1 (encoding glyoxylase 1), a gene involved in the detoxification of metabolic by-products [5].
• Administration of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) to mutant mice significantly recovers slow theta and Glo1 overexpression [5].
• Glyoxalase I polymorphism in the mouse: a new genetic marker linked to H-2 [6].
• Two electrophoretically distinct variants of glyoxalase I (Glo-I) are present in mouse (Mus musculus) [6].
• A linkage study showed that Glo-1 maps at approximately 3 centimorgans from the Ss locus of the H-2 histocompatibility region [6].

Biological context of Glo1

• Since the major histocompatibility complex in the mouse is present on chromosome 17, this locus and the Glo-1 locus are syntenic in the mouse as well [7].
• Quantitative trait loci for carbohydrate and total energy intake on mouse chromosome 17: congenic strain confirmation and candidate gene analyses (Glo1, Glp1r) [8].
• Here we report that TNF induces an increased phosphorylation of glyoxalase I that is mediated by protein kinase A and required for cell death [9].
• Local overexpression of these genes in the mouse brain resulted in increased anxiety-like behaviour, while local inhibition of glyoxalase 1 expression by RNA interference decreased the anxiety-like behaviour [10].
• Additional studies will examine whether glyoxalase-I has an impact beyond that of a biomarker to predict the genetic predisposition to anxiety- and depression-like behavior [11].

Anatomical context of Glo1

• Assignment of a Mus musculus gene for triosephosphate isomerase to chromosome 6 and for glyoxalase-I to chromosome 17 using somatic cell hybrids [7].
• Glo1 expression was upregulated in liver and hypothalamus of congenic mice when compared with B6 mice [8].
• The same phenotype-dependent difference was found in red blood cells with NAB-M and CM-M animals showing intermediate expression profiles of glyoxalase-I [11].
• Glyoxalase activity in human tumour cell lines in vitro [12].
• In the present study examination of glyoxalase-I activity, glucose tolerance and pancreatic beta cell sensitivity was made in mice fed 0.045 ng aflatoxin B1 + 0.450 ng aflatoxin G1/g feed prenatally and for 6 mo after birth [13].

Associations of Glo1 with chemical compounds

• The location of the C3 and GLO (glyoxalase 1) loci of the IXth linkage group in mice [14].
• Fluoromethylglyoxal in the presence of glutathione has been shown to undergo a novel glyoxalase I-catalyzed product partitioning to S-fluorolactoylglutathione and S-pyruvylglutathione with fluoride elimination [15].
• The glyoxalase system (glyoxalase I, glyoxalase II and GSH as cofactor) is involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (a byproduct of the glycolytic pathway) and other alpha-oxoaldehydes [16].
• They are enzymatically detoxified in cells by the cytosolic glutathione-dependent glyoxalase system (glyoxal and MG only) and by NADPH-dependent reductase and NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase [17].
• The effect of phenothiazines on radiation-induced changes of glyoxalase activity were reversed in the presence of ferrous (Fe2+) ions [18].

Other interactions of Glo1

• A quantitative variant of glyoxalase-1 associated with the t-complex in house mice is described [19].
• Glyoxalase 1 and glutathione reductase 1 regulate anxiety in mice [10].
• Among 290 F2 progeny of an r10 X ACP cross were two recombinants which allowed the loci for glyoxalase-1 and neuraminidase-1 to be mapped relative to the RT1.A and dw-3 loci in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the rat [20].
• The kernel oil was found to enhance the specific activities of SOD, catalase, GST, methylglyoxalase I and levels of GSH [21].
• In the present work, the effect of dietary administration of fenugreek seeds on the glyoxalase system and antioxidant enzymes as well as levels of glutathione (GSH) have been examined in different tissues of mice [22].

References