Disease relevance of CD2

• Because the lymphoma cells were positive for CD3 but not CD79a, and a few were CD2- or WC1-positive, this lymphoma was thought to be of gammadelta T-cell origin [1].
• Significantly lower numbers of CD2 (44.7%), CD4 (22.8%) and a lower ratio of CD4/CD8 (1.5) were found in animals with tumours compared to a group of cattle free of papillomas (62.3%, 34%, and 2.3, respectively) [2].

High impact information on CD2

• A genomics approach to the detection of positive selection in cattle: adaptive evolution of the T-cell and natural killer cell-surface protein CD2 [3].
• These cells were negative for surface Ig, a monocyte/granulocyte marker, and the T lymphocyte antigens CD2, CD6, CD4 and CD8 [4].
• ConA activated cells were cultured with BHV-1 and stained with monoclonal antibodies specific for virus envelope glycoproteins (gB, gC and gD) and lymphocyte surface proteins (CD2, CD4 and CD8) and a molecule associated with gamma/delta cells [5].
• Further, 291 and 77 genes showed more than twofold elevation and less than 50% reduction, respectively, in either or both of two CD (CD1 and CD2) placentas in comparison with the CL placenta, but no differential expression between the CL and AI placentas [6].
• Lymphocytes with the expression of CD2, CD3 or both molecules displayed a similar behaviour [7].

Biological context of CD2

• Based on tissue distribution and functional characteristics, IL-A26 is believed to recognize the bovine homologue of CD2, designated BoT2, whereas IL-A27/28 reacts with a mature T-cell antigen [8].
• This expansion in cell numbers involves a shift away from a predominant classic T cell population (CD2 and CD3 positive), to a population where T cell percentages are decreased and B cells (immunoglobulin-bearing) and gamma-delta cells are increased [9].
• No alterations in other cell phenotypes tested (CD4, CD8, CD2, CD6, B cells, monocytes or MHC class II) were observed, nor were there changes in lymphokine activated killer (LAK), natural killer (NK) cell activity, or oxygen radical formation (assessed by reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium) [10].
• These results indicate anti-bovine CD2 monoclonal antibody can be utilized with the rosette inhibition test to detect EPF in cattle, and that this assay detects bovine EPF for pregnancy serum at least 24 hr after ovulation [11].

Anatomical context of CD2

• The relative molecular weight (Mr) of the CD1, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD6, CD8 and additional molecules identified by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) submitted to the workshop was determined using 125I surface-labelled leukocytes [12].
• Non-T and non-B lymphocytes (null cells) were obtained by Sephadex G-10 depletion followed by treatment with mAbs to CD2 and MHC class II and complement [13].
• All cell lines expressed CD2, CD5 and CD25 [14].
• Supplemental retinyl palmitate, but not beta-carotene, was associated with a reduction in the percentage of blood mononuclear leukocytes expressing CD2, CD4, and CD8-T cell antigens and interleukin-2 receptors [15].
• Frozen sections of the tissues were immunohistochemically stained using monoclonal antibodies against surface markers CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8, B cell and granulocyte-monocyte/macrophage and antiserum against specific granules of bovine eosinophils [16].

Other interactions of CD2

• Changes in leukocyte subpopulations in the blood of the calves were detected both with routine haematological methods and by FCM using specific monoclonal antibodies directed against CD14, CD45, CD2, CD4, CD8 and WC4 (a specific surface marker for bovine B-lymphocytes) [17].
• Biochemical studies included the CD2 and CD5 molecules and further demonstrated their similarity to equivalent molecules in other species, confirming the phylogenetic importance of these molecules in immune responses [18].
• Results were expressed as the percentage of positive stained cells expressing CD2, CD4, CD8, WC1(gamma delta), IgM and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) molecules, as determined by flow cytometry [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CD2

• Phenotypic changes in the resulting lymphocyte populations were assessed by flow cytometry utilizing monoclonal antibodies specific for the cell surface determinates CD2, CD4, and CD8 [20].
• Lymphocyte blastogenesis in response to ConA and the percentages of lymphocytes positive for CD2, CD4, CD8, CD49d and CD18 as well as the intensity of CD49d expression did not differ between the treatment and control groups [21].

References