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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Enzyme Stability

 
 
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Disease relevance of Enzyme Stability

  • In the equilibrium unfolding process of Delta(5)-3-ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas testosteroni by urea, it was observed that the enzyme stability increases by 2.5 kcal/mol in the presence of 5% trifluoroethanol (TFE) [1].
  • When the catalyst was Achromobacter lyticus proteinase I, no such complex temperature effects were observed, and the findings indicated that the reactions should be conducted below 37 degrees C for enzyme stability [2].
  • With the exception of R159*, which produces a truncated non-functional cb5r resulting in type II RCM, the type I methemoglobinemias resulting from the P144L or L148P mutations have been proposed to be due to decreased enzyme stability [3].
  • The comparison of muscle acylase and acylase obtained from myoma has shown differences in the enzyme stability, the dependence of activity on pH and in the susceptibility to the effect of activators and inhibitors [4].
 

High impact information on Enzyme Stability

  • Replacement of this critical residue with an asparagine severely reduces catalytic activity but preserves enzyme stability and structure [5].
  • This enzyme could be converted to an oxygen-insensitive species by addition of NADPH, indicating that bound pyridine nucleotide is important for enzyme stability [6].
  • Multiple individual replacements at this location do not disrupt enzyme stability, indicating this segment is on the surface, as in the MetRS structure [7].
  • Estradiol has no effect on DHFR enzyme stability; thus, the entire effect of estrogen on DHFR levels results from the increased synthesis of this housekeeping enzyme [8].
  • Comparison of the processed human enzyme with the plant mitochondrial PDF1A, to which it is phylogenetically related, showed that the human enzyme had an extra N-terminal domain involved in both mitochondrial targeting and enzyme stability [9].
 

Biological context of Enzyme Stability

 

Anatomical context of Enzyme Stability

 

Associations of Enzyme Stability with chemical compounds

  • The enzyme is extremely labile during purification; rapid handling and the presence of 5% ethanol are essential to enzyme stability [14].
  • The extent of polymerization appears to be dependent on the ionization potential of formed intermediates, H(2)O(2) concentration, and, probably, enzyme stability [15].
  • The results reveal that the carboxyl-terminal extension is necessary for respiration and growth on nonfermentable carbon sources, for ubiquinone reduction, and for enzyme stability [16].
  • The results suggest that the entropy can be an important factor for the enzyme stability, and the increase in entropy by TFE is partially responsible for the increased stability of Delta(5)-3-ketosteroid isomerase [1].
  • Enzyme stability is maintained by the addition of ethanol, EDTA, and dithiothreitol [17].
 

Gene context of Enzyme Stability

  • The carboxyl terminus of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae succinate dehydrogenase membrane subunit, SDH4p, is necessary for ubiquinone reduction and enzyme stability [16].
  • Under conditions designed to optimize enzyme stability, anion exchange chromatography experiments revealed that enzymes corresponding to both recombinant NAT1 and NAT2 were expressed in human liver [18].
  • This residue is conserved in LPL from all mammals and has been shown to be critical for enzyme stability at 37 degrees C. On chromatography on heparin-Sepharose trout and chicken LPL eluted at higher salt concentration than bovine (or other mammalian) LPL [19].
  • This reduction of TH protein, which might be explained by reduced enzyme stability/expression consequent to congenital BH4 deficiency, can be expected to limit the efficacy of acute BH4 administration on dopamine biosynthesis in dopa-responsive dystonia [20].
  • Evidence was obtained from subcloning, Southern blot hybridisation, enzyme stability studies and transformation of B. subtilis arginine auxotrophs that the 12 kbp EcoRI fragment carries all the arg genes [21].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Enzyme Stability

References

  1. Trifluoroethanol increases the stability of Delta(5)-3-ketosteroid isomerase. 15N NMR relaxation studies. Yun, S., Jang, d.o. .S., Choi, G., Kim, K.S., Choi, K.Y., Lee, H.C. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
  2. Influence of temperature on the enzymic semisynthesis of human insulin by coupling and transpeptidation methods. Morihara, K., Ueno, Y., Sakina, K. Biochem. J. (1986) [Pubmed]
  3. Cytochrome b5 reductase: the roles of the recessive congenital methemoglobinemia mutants P144L, L148P, and R159*. Davis, C.A., Crowley, L.J., Barber, M.J. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. (2004) [Pubmed]
  4. Cobalt-activated acylase from human uterine myoma. Tyran, W., Kwiatkowska, J., Ujec, M. Neoplasma (1979) [Pubmed]
  5. An invariant aspartic acid in the DNA glycosylase domain of DEMETER is necessary for transcriptional activation of the imprinted MEDEA gene. Choi, Y., Harada, J.J., Goldberg, R.B., Fischer, R.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2004) [Pubmed]
  6. Human thioredoxin reductase from HeLa cells: selective alkylation of selenocysteine in the protein inhibits enzyme activity and reduction with NADPH influences affinity to heparin. Gorlatov, S.N., Stadtman, T.C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1998) [Pubmed]
  7. RNA binding determinant in some class I tRNA synthetases identified by alignment-guided mutagenesis. Shepard, A., Shiba, K., Schimmel, P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1992) [Pubmed]
  8. Effects of estrogen and tamoxifen on the regulation of dihydrofolate reductase gene expression in a human breast cancer cell line. Levine, R.M., Rubalcaba, E., Lippman, M.E., Cowan, K.H. Cancer Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
  9. An unusual peptide deformylase features in the human mitochondrial N-terminal methionine excision pathway. Serero, A., Giglione, C., Sardini, A., Martinez-Sanz, J., Meinnel, T. J. Biol. Chem. (2003) [Pubmed]
  10. Differential roles of Arg97, Asp293, and Arg108 in enzyme stability and substrate specificity of CYP2C9. Dickmann, L.J., Locuson, C.W., Jones, J.P., Rettie, A.E. Mol. Pharmacol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  11. Two new phosphoglycerate kinase mutations associated with chronic haemolytic anaemia and neurological dysfunction in two patients from Spain. Noel, N., Flanagan, J., Kalko, S.G., Ramirez Bajo, M.J., Mañú, M.d.e.l. .M., Garcia Fuster, J.L., Beutler, E., Vives Corrons, J.L. Br. J. Haematol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  12. Polysialic acids: potential in improving the stability and pharmacokinetics of proteins and other therapeutics. Gregoriadis, G., Fernandes, A., Mital, M., McCormack, B. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. (2000) [Pubmed]
  13. Structural significance of the plasma membrane calcium pump oligomerization. Levi, V., Rossi, J.P., Castello, P.R., González Flecha, F.L. Biophys. J. (2002) [Pubmed]
  14. Purification to homogeneity and initial physical characterization of secondary amine monooxygenase. Alberta, J.A., Dawson, J.H. J. Biol. Chem. (1987) [Pubmed]
  15. Initial steps of ferulic acid polymerization by lignin peroxidase. Ward, G., Hadar, Y., Bilkis, I., Konstantinovsky, L., Dosoretz, C.G. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  16. The carboxyl terminus of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae succinate dehydrogenase membrane subunit, SDH4p, is necessary for ubiquinone reduction and enzyme stability. Oyedotun, K.S., Lemire, B.D. J. Biol. Chem. (1997) [Pubmed]
  17. A novel ketone monooxygenase from Pseudomonas cepacia. Purification and properties. Britton, L.N., Markovetz, A.J. J. Biol. Chem. (1977) [Pubmed]
  18. Monomorphic and polymorphic human arylamine N-acetyltransferases: a comparison of liver isozymes and expressed products of two cloned genes. Grant, D.M., Blum, M., Beer, M., Meyer, U.A. Mol. Pharmacol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  19. Lipoprotein lipase from rainbow trout differs in several respects from the enzyme in mammals. Lindberg, A., Olivecrona, G. Gene (2002) [Pubmed]
  20. Striatal biopterin and tyrosine hydroxylase protein reduction in dopa-responsive dystonia. Furukawa, Y., Nygaard, T.G., Gütlich, M., Rajput, A.H., Pifl, C., DiStefano, L., Chang, L.J., Price, K., Shimadzu, M., Hornykiewicz, O., Haycock, J.W., Kish, S.J. Neurology (1999) [Pubmed]
  21. Cloning of a Bacillus subtilis restriction fragment complementing auxotrophic mutants of eight Escherichia coli genes of arginine biosynthesis. Mountain, A., Mann, N.H., Munton, R.N., Baumberg, S. Mol. Gen. Genet. (1984) [Pubmed]
  22. Comparative activity of doripenem and three other carbapenems tested against Gram-negative bacilli with various beta-lactamase resistance mechanisms. Jones, R.N., Sader, H.S., Fritsche, T.R. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. (2005) [Pubmed]
  23. Improving dioxygenase stability by gene chromosome insertion: implementation in immobilized-cell systems. Gibello, A., Garbi, C., Allende, J.L., Martin, M. Curr. Microbiol. (2004) [Pubmed]
 
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