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MeSH Review

Leptospirosis

 
 
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Disease relevance of Leptospirosis

 

High impact information on Leptospirosis

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Leptospirosis

 

Biological context of Leptospirosis

  • Diagnosis of leptospirosis is usually accomplished by serology, but the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) generally requires paired sera for detection of seroconversion and is considered too complex for routine use [14].
  • Considering the wide distribution of fibronectin within a host and the diversity of mammals involved in the epidemiology of leptospirosis, its implication in the cell attachment process of virulent leptospires is coherent with the multiplicity of target cells [15].
  • The results of animal studies, the susceptibility of LC0475 and the five other isolates to doxycycline in vitro, and lack of evidence for antibiotic resistance in culture suggests this antibiotic may be useful as a prophylactic drug for high risk groups and an effective treatment for leptospirosis in Thailand [16].
  • In early December 1998, the Northern Rivers Public Health Unit (north-eastern New South Wales) was alerted to a possible cluster of leptospirosis cases by the supervising scientist of the Western Pacific Region World Health Organization/Food and Agricultural Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis [17].
 

Gene context of Leptospirosis

  • Altogether these results highlight important differences between human and mouse specificity in terms of TLR4-MD2 recognition that may have important consequences for leptospiral LPS sensing and subsequent susceptibility to leptospirosis [18].
  • AIM: To describe clinical pattern of ARF caused by leptospirosis and its related factors [19].
  • CONCLUSION: Although significant correlation cannot be established, we concluded that nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, jaundice, increased ESR and total bilirubin level should alert the physician about the possibility of renal involvement in leptospirosis patients with prolonged fever [19].
  • Infected hamster sera and two of eight human leptospirosis sera tested were found to react with recombinant LipL21 [20].
  • These data indicate that Hap1 could be a good candidate for developing a new generation of vaccines able to induce broad protection against leptospirosis disease [21].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Leptospirosis

References

  1. Urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in Brazil. Salvador Leptospirosis Study Group. Ko, A.I., Galvão Reis, M., Ribeiro Dourado, C.M., Johnson, W.D., Riley, L.W. Lancet (1999) [Pubmed]
  2. Markedly elevated creatinine phosphokinase, cotton wool spots, and pericarditis in a patient with leptospirosis. Farkas, P.S., Knapp, A.B., Lieberman, H., Guttman, I., Mayan, S., Bloom, A.A. Gastroenterology (1981) [Pubmed]
  3. Host immunological mechanisms in the resistance of mice to leptospiral infections. Adler, B., Faine, S. Infect. Immun. (1977) [Pubmed]
  4. Serodiagnosis of syphilis: antibodies to recombinant Tp0453, Tp92, and Gpd proteins are sensitive and specific indicators of infection by Treponema pallidum. Van Voorhis, W.C., Barrett, L.K., Lukehart, S.A., Schmidt, B., Schriefer, M., Cameron, C.E. J. Clin. Microbiol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  5. Rapid diagnosis of scrub typhus by a passive hemagglutination assay using recombinant 56-kilodalton polypeptides. Kim, I.S., Seong, S.Y., Woo, S.G., Choi, M.S., Kang, J.S., Chang, W.H. J. Clin. Microbiol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  6. Prophylaxis against leptospirosis with doxycycline. Krick, W.K. N. Engl. J. Med. (1984) [Pubmed]
  7. Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism. Werts, C., Tapping, R.I., Mathison, J.C., Chuang, T.H., Kravchenko, V., Saint Girons, I., Haake, D.A., Godowski, P.J., Hayashi, F., Ozinsky, A., Underhill, D.M., Kirschning, C.J., Wagner, H., Aderem, A., Tobias, P.S., Ulevitch, R.J. Nat. Immunol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  8. Serum creatine phosphokinase in leptospirosis. Johnson, W.D., Silva, I.C., Rocha, H. JAMA (1975) [Pubmed]
  9. Sporadic urban leptospirosis. Vinetz, J.M., Glass, G.E., Flexner, C.E., Mueller, P., Kaslow, D.C. Ann. Intern. Med. (1996) [Pubmed]
  10. Rocky Mountain spotted fever and jaundice. Two consecutive cases acquired in Florida and a review of the literature on this complication. Ramphal, R., Kluge, R., Cohen, V., Feldman, R. Arch. Intern. Med. (1978) [Pubmed]
  11. Leptospirosis in "Eco-Challenge" athletes, Malaysian Borneo, 2000. Sejvar, J., Bancroft, E., Winthrop, K., Bettinger, J., Bajani, M., Bragg, S., Shutt, K., Kaiser, R., Marano, N., Popovic, T., Tappero, J., Ashford, D., Mascola, L., Vugia, D., Perkins, B., Rosenstein, N. Emerging Infect. Dis. (2003) [Pubmed]
  12. Cefotaxime for therapy of acute leptospirosis. Thangkhiew, I. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1987) [Pubmed]
  13. Functional analysis of genes in the rfb locus of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo subtype Hardjobovis. Bulach, D.M., Kalambaheti, T., de la Peña-Moctezuma, A., Adler, B. Infect. Immun. (2000) [Pubmed]
  14. Evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods for detection of immunoglobulin M antibodies in acute leptospirosis. Levett, P.N., Branch, S.L. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (2002) [Pubmed]
  15. Identification of a 36-kDa fibronectin-binding protein expressed by a virulent variant of Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. Merien, F., Truccolo, J., Baranton, G., Perolat, P. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (2000) [Pubmed]
  16. Doxycycline prophylaxis for experimental leptospira infection in non-human primates and hamsters. Elwell, M.R., Ward, G.S., Hansukjariya, P., Tingpalapong, M. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health (1985) [Pubmed]
  17. A cluster of leptospirosis among abattoir workers. Terry, J., Trent, M., Bartlett, M. Commun. Dis. Intell. (2000) [Pubmed]
  18. Differential TLR recognition of leptospiral lipid A and lipopolysaccharide in murine and human cells. Nahori, M.A., Fournié-Amazouz, E., Que-Gewirth, N.S., Balloy, V., Chignard, M., Raetz, C.R., Saint Girons, I., Werts, C. J. Immunol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  19. Renal involvement in leptospirosis at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo and Persahabatan Hospitals. Markum, H.M. Acta medica Indonesiana. (2004) [Pubmed]
  20. LipL21 is a novel surface-exposed lipoprotein of pathogenic Leptospira species. Cullen, P.A., Haake, D.A., Bulach, D.M., Zuerner, R.L., Adler, B. Infect. Immun. (2003) [Pubmed]
  21. Identification of the hemolysis-associated protein 1 as a cross-protective immunogen of Leptospira interrogans by adenovirus-mediated vaccination. Branger, C., Sonrier, C., Chatrenet, B., Klonjkowski, B., Ruvoen-Clouet, N., Aubert, A., André-Fontaine, G., Eloit, M. Infect. Immun. (2001) [Pubmed]
  22. An efficacy trial of doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against leptospirosis. Takafuji, E.T., Kirkpatrick, J.W., Miller, R.N., Karwacki, J.J., Kelley, P.W., Gray, M.R., McNeill, K.M., Timboe, H.L., Kane, R.E., Sanchez, J.L. N. Engl. J. Med. (1984) [Pubmed]
  23. Evaluation of recombinant Leptospira antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. Flannery, B., Costa, D., Carvalho, F.P., Guerreiro, H., Matsunaga, J., Da Silva, E.D., Ferreira, A.G., Riley, L.W., Reis, M.G., Haake, D.A., Ko, A.I. J. Clin. Microbiol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  24. Leptospirosis mimicking acute cholecystitis among athletes participating in a triathlon. Guarner, J., Shieh, W.J., Morgan, J., Bragg, S.L., Bajani, M.D., Tappero, J.W., Zaki, S.R. Hum. Pathol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  25. Expression and immunologic characterization of recombinant heat shock protein 58 of Leptospira species: a major target antigen of the humoral immune response. Park, S.H., Ahn, B.Y., Kim, M.J. DNA Cell Biol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  26. Acute pancreatitis caused by leptospirosis: report of two cases. Kaya, E., Dervisoglu, A., Eroglu, C., Polat, C., Sunbul, M., Ozkan, K. World J. Gastroenterol. (2005) [Pubmed]
 
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