Disease relevance of Ethmoid Bone

• Penetration of telithromycin into the nasal mucosa and ethmoid bone of patients undergoing rhinosurgery for chronic sinusitis [1].
• We postulate that the abnormal aggregation of macromolecules with a high affinity for calcium (resulting in abnormalities in elastin in cases of pseudoxanthoma elasticum) also develops at the cribriform plate, disrupting axonal flow and leading to disk drusen formation [2].
• Transaxial computed tomograms demonstrated a nasal encephalocele, but coronal scans were needed to show the defect in the cribriform plate [3].
• CSF rhinorrhea occurs when the cribriform plate is fractured and a fistula forms through the entrapped meninges [4].

High impact information on Ethmoid Bone

• In addition, Ark and GnRH transcripts were detected along the GnRH neuron migratory route in the E13 mouse cribriform plate [5].
• At E14-15, these fascicles converge as they enter the region of the cribriform plate and subsequently disperse, projecting dorsally and caudally across the olfactory bulb and rostral forebrain [6].
• At this time (E15), a majority of GnRH neurons were clustered in the region of the cribriform plate [7].
• Throughout the cribriform plates, there was a loss of collagen fibers, proliferation of basement membranes, and bundles of elastin-negative microfibrils not associated with collagen or elastic fibers [8].
• The cells that we have cultured from the human lamina cribrosa may produce the extracellular matrix present in the cribriform plates of this tissue and be important in the glaucomatous process [9].

Anatomical context of Ethmoid Bone

• Particulate tracers, such as Indian ink, enter channels in the arachnoid beneath the olfactory bulbs and connect directly with nasal lymphatics through channels which pass through holes in the cribriform plate [10].
• These results indicate that telithromycin diffuses rapidly into the nasal tissues and achieves high and prolonged concentrations in nasal mucosa and ethmoid bone [1].
• Catecholamine-containing and cholinesterase-positive nerves run along the meningeal arteries on the cribriform plate and accompany their branches to the vascular plexus in the olfactory and respiratory regions [11].
• Cells forming the glial columns and lining the cribriform plates expressed both GFAP and HNK-1/N-CAM and were identified as type 1B astrocytes [12].
• Carbon particles in the subarachnoid space beneath the olfactory bulbs drained directly into discrete channels which passed through the cribriform plate and into lymphatics in the nasal submucosa [13].

Associations of Ethmoid Bone with chemical compounds

• A number of SP reactive fibers were traced with the olfactory nerves through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and appeared to enter the brain in the area of the central roots of the nervus terminalis [14].
• The olfactory bulbs were clearly visualized in the frontal plane magnetic resonance images, the olfactory bulbs and the foramina of the cribriform plate were visualized in the sagittal section, and the olfactory bulbs, tracts, and other structures were visualized in the coronal sections [15].
• In the non-diabetic subjects, slight or no immunoreactivity for pyrraline was found in cribriform plates and around the optic nerve vessels [16].
• Postmortem examination revealed erosion and necrosis of the ventral cribriform plate, which appeared to have allowed the injected formalin to reach the rostral portion of the frontal lobe of the brain [17].

Gene context of Ethmoid Bone

• Although no evidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak was either reported by the patient or found at initial clinical examination, subsequent nasal discharge tested positive for beta2-transferrin, a finding consistent with CSF leak in the paranasal sinus region or through the cribriform plate [18].
• Focal inflammation and amebas were observed in the submucosal nerve plexus, olfactory nerves penetrating the cribriform plate, and the olfactory bulb of the brain as early as 24 hr postinoculation [19].
• Absence of neural structures (e.g. falx cerebri, corpus callosum) and missing components of the ethmoid bone indicated a midline deficit [20].
• Peripheral branches of the ganglia run through foramina in the ethmoid bone into the region of the nasal sacs and blowhole [21].
• CSF rhinorrhea was produced by creating a defect in the anterior cranial fossa through the region of the cribriform plate [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ethmoid Bone

• Axotomy of the olfactory nerve at the cribriform plate does not cause the formation of a glial scar which blocks nerve regeneration [23].

References