Disease relevance of Methylpyrrolidone

• 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) does not induce structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in vivo [1].
• Developmental toxicity of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone administered orally to rats [2].
• The potential toxicity of N-methylpyrrolidone was evaluated following dietary administration for 13 weeks to male and female beagle dogs at dosage levels of 25, 79 and 250 mg per kg body weight per day [3].
• The influence of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) on both the in-vitro dissolution of cholesterol from gallstones and the decrease in stone weight with time was determined [4].
• NMP had no effect on Tb, with Mel again causing a dose-dependent hypothermia [5].

High impact information on Methylpyrrolidone

• Analyses of several sulfoxide complexes including rac-11 with N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in a MeOH solution utilizing cold-spray ionization mass spectrometry provided, for the first time, direct information for intermolecular nonbonded S...O interactions between sulfoxides and amide (or lactam) in a solution [6].
• Addition of 1.0% (vol/vol) of permeation enhancer, such as oleic acid or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, to the ethanol/tricaprylin (50:50) cosolvent system could not significantly increase the permeation rate of ddC [7].
• Acylation of the amino group on the aromatic ring with acid chlorides in N-methylpyrrolidone (no DMF, no base!) followed by cleavage from the resin using TFA/Me(2)S/water (90:5:5) provides the acylated benzodiazepinones in 52-69% (PS resin) and 41-48% (TG resin) yield (based on the theoretical loading) and >70% purity (HPLC, 210 nm) [8].
• MGBG penetration in saline, Vehicle N, decylmethylsulfoxide, and N-methylpyrrolidone was determined in normal human skin in vitro [9].
• The Sonogashira reaction of bromofluoro-substituted alkenes with terminal alkynes, followed by base-catalyzed cyclization in refluxing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), affords the corresponding fluorinated naphthalene and phenanthrene derivatives in good yields [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Methylpyrrolidone

• To establish a guideline for residual solvents in medicine, the permitted daily exposure (PDE), equivalent to TDI, of N,N-dimethylformamide was derived on the basis of developmental toxicity (malformation) and of N-methylpyrrolidone on the basis of the developmental neurotoxicity [11].

Biological context of Methylpyrrolidone

• (E)-Monofluoroenynes, which are prepared by Sonogashira coupling reaction from (Z)-1-bromo-1-fluoroalkenes, undergo cyclization to afford 3-fluoro-1-substituted-naphthalenes in good to excellent yields when treated with DABCO or DBU in refluxing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) [12].
• Glycosylation of protected monosaccharides, with free 6-OH or 3-OH, proceeded smoothly in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) at 40-60 degrees C in the absence of Lewis acids and bases in good to excellent yields [13].
• Pregnant rats (Mol:WIST) were exposed to 150 ppm N-methylpyrrolidone for 6 hours per day on gestation days 7-20 [14].
• 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone induces aneuploidy in yeast, but only under special treatment conditions [1].
• N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (methylpyrrolidone), a cosolvent which has been used in veterinary medicine and in transdermal delivery devices, was investigated as a cosolvent for model drug compounds of widely varying polarity [15].

Anatomical context of Methylpyrrolidone

• We produced P(DL)LGA flat sheet membranes using 1, 4-dioxane and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) as solvents and water as the nonsolvent, and hollow fibre membranes, using NMP and water, by dry/wet- and wet-spinning [16].
• Surgical wounds from wisdom tooth avulsions were medicated with freeze-dried methylpyrrolidinone chitosan, a gel-forming resorbable biopolymer obtained from crab chitosan by chemical modification [17].
• The involvement of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) in the metabolism of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was studied with three experimental approaches: in the rat, in vitro in human microsomes, and in human volunteers [18].
• Adrenalin release caused by N-methylpyrrolidone injected into the adrenal gland [19].

Associations of Methylpyrrolidone with other chemical compounds

• Osteoconductive properties of methylpyrrolidinone chitosan in an animal model [20].
• Gel filtration of protected peptides on Enzacryl K2 in dimethylformamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone [21].
• Addition of 1.0% (v/v) of permeation enhancers, such as oleic acid (OA) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), in the EtOH/TCP (50:50) cosolvent system could not significantly increase the permeation rate of these drugs [22].
• For the salt form of the drug, the highest permeability coefficient and retention were obtained from DMSO and methylpyrrolidone, respectively [23].
• Aneuploidy induction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two solvent compounds, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 2-pyrrolidinone [24].

Gene context of Methylpyrrolidone

• Contribution of CYP2E1 to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone metabolism [18].
• Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) as eluent has been calibrated using various standard polymers and model compounds and applied to the analysis of extracts of coal, petroleum and kerogens, to petroleum vacuum residues, soots, biomass tars and humic substances [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Methylpyrrolidone

• Examination of soil contaminated by coal-liquids by size exclusion chromatography in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solution to evaluate interference from humic and fulvic acids and extracts from peat [26].
• A rugged procedure utilizing reversed-phase liquid chromatography with positive-ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS) along with tandem MS is described for the quantification and confirmation of N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) in methanolic extracts of riverine biofilm [27].
• The developmental toxicity of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats after oral administration [2].

References