Disease relevance of Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• Suppression of macrophages in mice by silica or Myocrisin treatment did not significantly affect the susceptibility of mice to encephalomyocarditis virus, although at virus doses around 20 times the 50% lethal dose they died about 48 h earlier [1].
• Immunomodification and the expression of virulence in mice by defined strains of Semliki Forest virus: the effects of myocrisin and 1-asparaginase [2].
• If myocrisin is given intraperitoneally 3 h before the virus there is enhancement of all stages of viral replication and budding of virus and mature virions are seen [3].
• A high and persistent viremia was present in myocrisin-treated mice; in contrast a low viremia followed by virus clearance from the blood was observed in intact mice infected with the virus [4].
• METHODS: Heparinized blood from 10 blood donors and 10 patients with polyarthritis was density separated and incubated with various concentrations of gold salt [Myocrisin gold sodium thiomalate (GSTM) plus phenyl mercury nitrate] [5].

High impact information on Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• Gold levels in the separated protein fractions indicate that the gamma-globulin level after oral administration of triethylphosphine gold chloride is approximately three times higher after 24 hours than with intramuscular Myocrisin [6].
• Macrophage interferon protected mice from encephalomyocarditis virus infection at much lower doses than fibroblast interferon, and treatment of mice with silica or Myocrisin abolished the protection conferred by macrophage interferon, whereas these treatments had a much smaller effect on the protection afforded by fibroblast interferon [1].
• The number of sulphydryl groups on the erythrocyte membrane has been assessed as a function of nutritional status for two groups of patients, one receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the other receiving sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin) [7].
• Free thiomalate is measureable in the plasma and urine of patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin) [8].
• For higher doses of virus the increased mortality after infection (primary potentiation) is determined within 2 or 3 days and appears to be due to inhibition of phagocytosis (Myocrisin and 1-asparaginase) and of T cell functions (1-asparaginase and cyclophosphamide) [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• Hypothesis for the pathogenesis of sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin) induced immune complex nephritis [9].
• A reaction of gold(I) thiomalates [Au(tm)], "Myocrisin" (an antiarthritic drug), with captopril (a high blood pressure drug) was carried out in aqueous solution at pH 7.20 using 13C NMR spectroscopy [10].
• The amount of virus in macrophages from normal mice infected in vivo and in vitro with avirulent Semliki Forest Virus A7(74)C1 and virulent L10/C1 has been compared to that in macrophages infected similarly from mice given Myocrisin (colloidal gold) before inoculation [11].

Biological context of Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• The antibody response was studied in intact and myocrisin-treated mice infected with the virus [4].
• The IC50 values vary over six orders of magnitude, the lowest being 3.5 nM for Myocrisin [12].
• Effect of myocrisin (sodium auro-thio-malate) on the morphogenesis of avirulent Semliki Forest virus in mouse brain: an electron microscopical study [3].
• Myocrisin-mediated oxidative stress [13].

Anatomical context of Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• In a comparison of the pharmacological properties of Myocrisin with freshly prepared solutions of GSTM, their effects on the chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) were studied [14].
• An activity index of the synovial membrane changes in the Myocrisin-treated and untreated cases was calculated to 6.3 and 3.6 respectively [15].
• This study reports on the ability of myocrisin to mediate in the production and detoxification of oxidants (principally hydrogen peroxide) in the monocyte in-vivo and in-vitro [13].
• Myocrisin given to mice i.p. causes depression of lysosomal enzyme activity (acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) in peritoneal macrophages [16].

Associations of Monomercaptosuccinic acid with other chemical compounds

• The oral administration of penicillamine in high doses, 1--10 mmol/kg, increased significantly the urinary excretion of [195Au] the first day after the Myocrisin injection, but on the subsequent days the radio-metal excretion was unaffected by the treatment [17].
• Gas chromatography--mass spectrometry has been used to search for the presence of free thiomalate in rheumatoid arthritis patients on Myocrisin (auro thiomalate) therapy [18].

Gene context of Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• Sixty-three patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly divided into 3 groups, and treated with either sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin), auranofin, or placebo [19].
• Chemiluminescence was measured in the presence of GSTM from solid material and from Myocrisin ampoules [14].
• The highest amount of virus was recovered from the pancreas of myocrisin-treated mice on day 3 p.i. This was over 500-fold higher than the virus titer found in the pancreas of mice infected with virus only [4].
• Histochemical procedures for the mouse sperm enzymes hyaluronidase, esterase and acrosin were used to test the inhibitory effects of the low molecular weight hyaluronidase inhibitor sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin): hyaluronidase and esterase, but not acrosin, were inhibited [20].
• The aim of our study is to examine the possibility for the continuation of therapy after achieving clinical improvement in patients with skin rash and stomatitis as a result of treatment with ATM (Tauredon, "Byk Gulden", Germany) [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Monomercaptosuccinic acid

• The reactions of Myocrisin with albumin and gamma-globulin have been investigated using atomic absorption spectrometry and gel filtration [22].
• Gold serum levels in children were related to the dose of Myocrisin calculated per kg of body weight or per square metre of body surface area [23].

References