Disease relevance of mafenide

• Some wounds were seeded with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus epidermidis, and some seeded wounds were treated with Sulfamylon or Silvadene [1].
• Mafenide acetate has superior eschar-penetrating characteristics, making it the agent of choice for early treatment of burn wound sepsis [2].
• BACKGROUND: Whereas Sulfamylon is effective in treatment of burn wound infection, controversy exists regarding its effect on the healing process [3].
• Cellular responses documented with hemocytometer cells counts, cellular protein assays, phase-contrast microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy show only severe toxicity to mafenide acetate [4].
• All signs and symptoms cleared rapidly after the Sulfamylon was discontinued [5].

High impact information on mafenide

• No such plasmid pattern was seen in silver sulfadiazine-, mafenide acetate-susceptible isolates of E cloacae in groups II, III, and V [6].
• STUDY DESIGN: We measured the effect which 500 U per g of bacitracin, 0.25 percent of sodium hypochlorite, 0.5 percent silver nitrate, 1 percent silver sulfadiazine, 8.5 percent mafenide acetate, and 10 percent povodione-iodine had on the rate of wound epithelialization and neovascularization [7].
• METHODS: Forty-eight Wistar rats were used to compare the effects of D2A21 to control vehicle, silver sulfadiazine (SSD), and Sulfamylon in this model [8].
• Sulfamylon proved most effective in maintaining an aseptic environment while concomitantly increasing angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, and dermal thickness compared with control.These data show that selection of a particular topical treatment can affect various aspects of wound repair in an animal model [9].
• Assessing fibrinolysis by in vitro proteolysis of [125I] fibrin monomers, Sulfamylon, at relevant clinical concentrations, produced dose-related inhibition of streptokinase-mediated fibrinolysis [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of mafenide

• The pathophysiology, classification and bacteriology of burns are discussed, as well as treatment of burns with silver nitrate, silver sulfadizine, silver allantoinate, mafenide acetate, furazolium chloride, povidone-iodine complex, antibiotics, antiproteolytics, fibrinolytics, Pseudomonas vaccine and antiglobulins [11].
• The activities of mafenide acetate and silver sulfadiazine against isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were significantly greater than that of Bactroban (p less than 0.05) [12].

Biological context of mafenide

• These data demonstrate the efficacy of 5% Sulfamylon solution on epithelialization kinetics of contaminated meshed skin grafts [13].
• In the mafenide acetate + Aloe group, contraction was similar to the control, whereas the mafenide acetate alone retarded wound healing [14].

Anatomical context of mafenide

• Sulfamylon soaks were shown to be effective for debridement, granulation tissue protection and preparation, and bacterial control [15].
• Mafenide acetate markedly decreased intracellular Ca+2 flux in lymphocytes [16].
• Sulfamylon (mafenide acetate) remains extremely valuable for the control of the bacterial contamination of burn wounds, but it is cytotoxic to cultured keratinocytes used for wound closure [17].

Associations of mafenide with other chemical compounds

• Methods: A standardized antimicrobial susceptibility study of 43 strains of A baumannii collected from a tertiary care burn center was conducted using 2 commonly used topical antibacterial agents, 1% silver sulfadiazine cream (Silvadene) and 5% mafenide acetate solution (5% Sulfamylon Solution) [18].
• There were 175 patients in the control group, 156 in the Maphenide (Sulfamylon) group and 314 in the Silver Sulphadiazine (S. S. D.) group [19].
• Results previously reported using the Wet Disc Topical Antimicrobial Assay (WDA) suggested that adding nystatin (NY) to a 0.5% mafenide acetate (MA) suspension or genitourinary irrigant (double antibiotic [DAB]) to expand their antimicrobial activity to include Candida sp. antagonized the antibacterial effect of MA but not DAB [20].

Gene context of mafenide

• The results suggest that, although some of the increased ventilation of Sulfamylon is due to carbonic anhydrase inhibition, another factor, such as pain casued by the topical agent, also plays a role [21].
• To prevent chondritis, all ears were treated prophylactically with periauricular hair shaving, daily cleaning, avoidance of pressure dressings and Sulfamylon Burn Cream [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of mafenide

• The burned ear was managed by careful, twice daily washing with minimal debridement, frequent application of mafenide acetate, and avoidance of pressure on the affected ear [23].
• Sulfamylon cream (8.5%, BERTEK Pharmaceuticals Inc., Morgantown, W Va) was applied on the wound, with either open or occlusive dressing [3].
• RESULTS: For patients of combatant age (20-50 years), MA was associated with a greater than 10% reduction in mortality for those with burns of 40-79% of the total body surface area (TBSA) [24].
• Mafenide acetate as a 5% solution has a lower osmolarity, and clinical trials with this agent have shown it to be both well accepted by patients and effective in wound preparation [25].
• Further improvements in the properties of the epidermal barrier of cultured skin substitutes may facilitate the use of Sulfamylon or other potent antimicrobial agents for the management of microbial contamination during engraftment of transplanted skin cells [17].

References