Disease relevance of Burn Units

• To evaluate the usefulness of plasmid pattern analysis as an epidemiologic tool and to determine the mechanism of resistance to silver sulfadiazine and mafenide acetate, silver sulfadiazine-resistant, mafenide acetate-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolates from a 1976 outbreak of infections in a burn unit (group I) were analyzed retrospectively [1].
• In a 22-month period, strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and multiple aminoglycosides, (designated MARS) were recovered from 108 inpatients with nosocomial infections at a hospital in the midwestern United States. Sixty-six of these patients were staying in a burn unit, and 42 were on other hospital wards [2].
• Environmental study of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus epidemic in a burn unit [3].
• Fungemia and colonization with nystatin-resistant Candida rugosa in a burn unit [4].
• Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for the epidemiological typing of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans in a burn unit [5].

High impact information on Burn Units

• RESULTS--A clonal relationship demonstrated among isolates from burn unit patients and staff was clearly distinguishable from MRSA isolates arising from other hospital wards [6].
• After a focal outbreak of methicillin-resistant S aureus in the burn unit, acquisition of the organism by patients on other wards increased significantly [7].
• Seventy-nine patients admitted to a major regional burn center were randomly assigned to groups that received 1 mg of lorazepam or a placebo in addition to their standard opioid analgesics [8].
• Emergence in a burn center of populations of bacteria resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin: evidence for the need for changes in zone diameter interpretative standards [9].
• Taking a cut-off value of 110 unit burn standard for severity of injury, plasma phenylalanine concentrations, and urinary 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio were significantly reduced (p < .05) in the less severe burn patients (<110 unit burn standard) supplemented with ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Burn Units

• A total of 73 clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile isolated from stool/rectal swabs of patients admitted to the intensive care units at Mubarak Hospital, Ibn Sina Hospital Burn unit and Haematology wards at the Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, were investigated for their susceptibility to 15 antibiotics using the Etest [11].
• Consequently, it was decided to evaluate the activity of piperacillin/tazobactam in comparison with that of eight other antibiotics that are usually used for therapy against gram-negative bacterial infections in our burn unit [12].

Biological context of Burn Units

• One hundred patients at the Unit Burn from the Division of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, were then studied prospectively, and the respective teguments which resulted from the healing of the burns were analyzed in their qualitative and quantitative aspects [13].
• Smoke inhalation and airway management at a regional burn unit: 1974-1983. Part I: Diagnosis and consequences of smoke inhalation [14].
• Steroid treatment recommendations from the allergy and immunology literature are contrasted with burn center findings for optimal treatment [15].
• We sought to review the epidemiology of burn injuries in a rural burn center secondary to the use of amphetamine or methamphetamine and/or the manufacture of methamphetamine [16].

Associations of Burn Units with chemical compounds

• The second group (n = 15) was treated conservatively with silver sulfadiazine in other burn facilities for 5 days, and burn wounds were surgically excised when patients were admitted to our burn center on day 6 after the injury [17].
• When examined by individual ICU, however, imipenem resistance was seen in the general medicine and burn units [18].
• At this burn center, sulfonamide resistance occurred in more than 80% of gram-negative isolates [19].
• CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the sulfonamides and phenytoin are the most common etiologic agents, expeditious transfer to a burn center reduces morbidity, and corticosteroid administration dramatically increases mortality [20].
• PURPOSE: To evaluate the relative contribution of methamphetamine production-related accidents to facial and ocular injuries admitted to a regional burn unit [21].

Gene context of Burn Units

• This study indicates a high incidence of staphylococcal septicaemia (especially due to MRSA) in the burn unit [22].
• ProCT and IL6 are prognostic factors of mortality at the time of admission but less reliable than the clinical UBS (unit burn standard) score [23].
• In the burn unit, MARS were recovered from the air, from the hair and hands of personnel, and from inanimate objects [24].
• SETTING: Burn Center, CHU Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. DESIGN: 130 consecutively admitted burn patients were bronchoscoped on admission [25].
• While only 23% of admissions to the burn center were related to flame burns, these injuries accounted for 82% of children who had ARF [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Burn Units

• Sulfamylon (mafenide) solution, a potent experimental topical antimicrobial, is used in our burn unit to treat burn wounds both before and after skin grafting [27].
• Plasma fibronectin time course was studied in 30 patients versus clinical criteria: body surface area burn (BSA), unit burn standard (UBS), and infection state [28].
• Routine drug screens are mandatory in identifying methamphetamine use to alert burn unit personnel to particular management problems and target individuals who may be receptive to drug rehabilitation [16].
• An outbreak of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus on a burn unit: potential role of contaminated hydrotherapy equipment [29].
• Since 1972, over 800 burn victims have been treated with hyperbaric oxygen at the Burn Center of Sherman Oaks Community Hospital in Los Angeles. HBO is used only as an adjuvant to standard resuscitation and is not intended to replace current accepted therapy [30].

References