Disease relevance of DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate

• We found that the neutral lipids, DPPC and DPPE, did not affect C5b-7 uptake or hemolysis by C5b-9 [1].
• The current results indicate that modulator(s) of ECM and its derivative containing covalently linked dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine show neuroprotective effects under conditions of brain inflammation [2].
• Chondroitin sulfate dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (CS-PE), when immobilized onto substratum, inhibited the adhesion of B16F10 mouse melanoma cells to fibronectin-coated dishes (anti-adhesion activity) [3].
• The vesicle system consisting of 80 mol% dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) and 20 mol% dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) undergoes to structural changes caused by various concentrations of Salmonella minnesota R595 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [4].

High impact information on DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate

• Human erythrocytes were modified by insertion of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine (DPPS), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), or dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid (DPPA) [1].
• 125I-SP-A shows almost no binding to dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine [5].
• Cardiolipin segregation was demonstrated by differential scanning calorimetry using membranes containing cardiolipin and either dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine or 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine [6].
• Interestingly, rupture of endosomes following a cellular incubation with ODN-containing SAINT-2/DPPE complexes dramatically improved nuclear ODN delivery to a level that was similar to that observed for SAINT-2/DOPE complexes [7].
• To investigate the significance of DOPE's preference to adopt a hexagonal phase in the mechanism of transfection, the properties and transfection efficiencies of SAINT-2/DOPE lipoplexes were compared to those of lipoplexes containing lamellar-phase-forming dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) [7].

Biological context of DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate

• The kinetics and mechanism of the barotropic lamellar gel (L beta')/lamellar liquid crystal (L alpha) phase transition in fully hydrated 1,2-dihexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DHPE) has been studied using time-resolved x-ray diffraction (TRXRD) [8].
• Force curves at different humidities of these modified cantilevers were taken on freshly cleaved mica (hydrophilic surface) and on a monolayer of dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine transferred onto mica (hydrophobic surface) to characterize the behavior of the cantilevers on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces [9].
• MLD inhibited the hydrolysis of DPPE (greater than 90% inhibition at 2 microM), and preliminary results indicate that DPPC was more readily hydrolyzed than DPPE under the substrate conditions of the assay [10].
• Substrate specificity was also examined in the absence and presence of MLD using dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) as a substrate [10].
• In the present study, biodistribution studies in healthy rats showed rapid clearance of the pH-sensitive system dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE)/dipalmitoylglycerosuccinate (DPSG) liposomal GdDTPA-BMA from the blood circulation with most of the Gd dose in the liver at 15 min post intravenous injection [11].

Anatomical context of DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate

• 2. Two of the predominant pulmonary surfactants, dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL) and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), were found to inhibit wetting of this synthetic membrane and of human cutaneous epithelium as manifest by a large contact angle [12].
• CaATPase from rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum has been isolated, purified, stripped of its native lipids, and reconstituted into binary lipid mixtures of dielaidoylphosphatidylcholine (DEPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) or acyl-chain perdeuterated DPPE (DPPE-d62) [13].
• CaATPase from rabbit skeletal muscle has been isolated, purified, delipidated, and reconstituted with retention of ATPase activity into lipid vesicles consisting respectively of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (POPE), 1-stearoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine (SOPC), and egg sphingomyelin [14].
• Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis demonstrated decreased catabolism of rhodamine-labeled dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine by alveolar macrophages from GM(-/-) mice [15].
• The effects of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on cell-to-substratum adhesion and neurite elongation were examined in primary cultures of fetal rat hippocampal neurons using tissue culture dishes coated with GAGs coupled to dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a novel probe for biological functions of GAGs [16].

Associations of DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate with other chemical compounds

• Mixtures of dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) and cholesterol (CHOL) have been studied with solid-state 13C and 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques [17].
• Binding of PDC-109 to dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine, which are also zwitterionic, was found to be very weak, clearly indicating that the charge on the lipid headgroup is not the determining factor for the binding [18].
• The solid DSPC and DPPE monolayers were stable to continued rastering by the AFM tip; however, the stability of DLPE monolayers depended on the pH of the aqueous environment [19].
• With the phosphatidylcholines, alcohols up to octanol cause a lowering of the transition temperature, and a broadening of the transition, whereas for dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine, only a lowering of the transition is observed [20].
• We have used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the effect of filipin on dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine bilayers in the presence and absence of cholesterol [21].

Gene context of DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate

• The extent of trans-gauche isomerization at the 4 and 4' positions of the acyl chains of fully hydrated 4,4,4',4'-d4 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (4-d4 DPPE) bilayers was quantitatively evaluated from the infrared (IR) intensity of the CD2 rocking modes [22].
• The value of this activation energy for the DPPE (53 kJ/mol) is higher than the one found for the DPPC C-N bond (32 kJ/mol) [23].
• Wheat germ agglutinin has been conjugated to the surfaces of sonicated phospholipid liposomes by reacting the protein derivatised with N-succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate (SATA) with the m-maleimidobenzoyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide (MBS) derivative of dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) incorporated into the liposomal bilayers [24].
• Small unilamellar liposomes (100-130 nm in diameter) were prepared from distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), cholesterol (CHOL) and a dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine derivative of PEG with a terminal maleimidyl group (DPPE-PEG-Mal), and conjugated Fab' fragment of antibody [25].
• The procedure relies upon the insertion of the appropriate antibody (Ab1) into the membrane of indicator SRBC through a covalently attached dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) tail [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of DL-a-Cephalin dipalmitate

• Membrane bilayers of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) adsorbed to a freshly cleaved mica substrate have been imaged by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) [27].
• We have studied the thermal unfolding of detergent-solubilized and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/ dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine liposome-reconstituted forms of the Na,K-ATPase by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity [28].

References