Disease relevance of Microscopy, Atomic Force

• We have used atomic force microscopy on the calyx-type nerve terminal of the chick ciliary ganglion to localize single calcium channels tagged via biotinylated omega-conotoxin GVIA to avidin-coated 30 nm gold particles [1].
• Atomic force microscopy of virions revealed that the tail possesses a striking, segmented morphology with the tip segment probably being built of 20-kDa protein [2].
• The influences of the antibacterial magainin 2 and PGLa from the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and the hemolytic bee venom melittin on Escherichia coli as the target cell were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) [3].
• Differences in the susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes to rokitamycin and erythromycin A revealed by morphostructural atomic force microscopy [4].
• Time-dependent adsorption behavior of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) depolymerase from Ralstonia pickettiiT1 on a polyester surface was studied by complementary techniques of quarts crystal microbalance (QCM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) [5].

High impact information on Microscopy, Atomic Force

• GST pull-down assays, luciferase trans-activation assays, and atomic force microscopy confirmed that the interaction of c-Myb and C/EBP beta observed in crystal mimics their long range interaction on the promoter, which is accompanied by intervening DNA looping [6].
• Here, using atomic force microscopy and flow-chamber experiments, we show that increasing force first prolonged and then shortened the lifetimes of P-selectin complexes with P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, revealing both catch and slip bond behaviour [7].
• Here we use protein engineering and single-molecule atomic force microscopy to examine the mechanical components that form the elastic region of human cardiac titin [8].
• Alumina has long been regarded as the definitive test for atomic-resolution force microscopy of insulators so the whole class of insulating oxides should now open for direct atomic-scale surface investigations [9].
• Here we examine the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin by using atomic-force-microscopy techniques [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Microscopy, Atomic Force

• Experimentally measured force-extension curves revealed a unique pair of "sawtooth" features that were present when a bond formed between a silicon nitride surface (atomic force microscopy tip) and E. coli cells expressing the OmpA-AmCyan protein [11].
• Polymyxin B-lipid interactions in Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers of Escherichia coli lipids: a thermodynamic and atomic force microscopy study [12].
• Physical examination of trehalose particles by scanning electron microscopy and of the dominant growth faces of trehalose crystals by environmentally controlled atomic force microscopy revealed significant changes in surface morphology upon partial dehydration, in particular the formation of cracks [13].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paired specimens (n = 4 x 2 per group) of acid-etched (Group A) and smear-layer covered (Group B) human coronal dentin surfaces were sequentially treated with the NaOCl solution for time intervals ranging from 5 s to 120 s and analyzed by reflectance FTIR microspectroscopy and tapping mode atomic force microscopy [14].

Biological context of Microscopy, Atomic Force

• The present study examines and correlates for the first time the effect of the lysine/nucleotide (Ly/Nu) ratio on transfection, recognition by importin alpha/beta, and structure as determined using electron microscopy (EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), for pLy-DNA complexes with and without NLSs or mutant versions thereof [15].
• Temperature-controlled atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to visualize and study the structure and kinetics of ripple phases in one-component dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and two-component dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine-distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC-DSPC) lipid bilayers [16].
• Translocation-independent dimerization of the EcoKI endonuclease visualized by atomic force microscopy [17].
• Environment-controlled scanning force microscopy allowed us to study adsorption and desorption of single poly(methacrylate)-graft-poly(n-butyl acrylate) brush molecules on mica in real time [18].
• Fluorescence images of fluorescently labeled annexin A2t and scanning force microscopy images of nonlabeled protein bound to POPC/POPS bilayers show the formation of micrometer-sized lateral protein domains in the presence of 1 mM CaCl2 [19].

Anatomical context of Microscopy, Atomic Force

• Single-molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate the mechanical properties of titin, the giant sarcomeric protein of striated muscle [20].
• Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we have imaged conformational changes of the cytoplasmic and extracellular surfaces of native connexin 26 gap junction plaques [21].
• These studies show that in situ atomic force microscopy enables direct assessment of amyloid aggregation in physiological fluids and suggest that Abeta fibril formation may be driven by interactions at the interface of aqueous solutions and hydrophobic substrates, as occurs in membranes and lipoprotein particles in vivo [22].
• The cytoplasmic membrane of the cells was mimicked by lipid liposomes adsorbed on mica, and the lateral organization of LBP in these membranes and its interaction with LPS aggregates were characterized by atomic force microscopy [23].
• Histamine effects on endothelial cell fibronectin interaction studied by atomic force microscopy [24].

Associations of Microscopy, Atomic Force with chemical compounds

• Atomic force microscopy was used to resolve the mechanism of calcite inhibition by magnesium through molecular-scale determination of the thermodynamic and kinetic controls of magnesium on calcite formation [25].
• Atomic force microscopy measurements revealed equally strong adhesion forces between glycan molecules (190-310 piconewtons) as between proteins in antibody-antigen interactions (244 piconewtons) [26].
• By using scanning force microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based experiments we provide evidence for an intramolecular interaction between the NH(2) and COOH termini of CLIP-170 [27].
• We find that giant surface-enhanced Raman scattering for adsorbates on silver surfaces is present only on surfaces that exhibit self-similar fractal topology as inferred from atomic force microscopy [28].
• The highly preferred fragments are intrinsically curved, as judged by their electrophoretic mobility in polyacrylamide gels, by computer modeling, and by imaging with scanning force microscopy [29].

Gene context of Microscopy, Atomic Force

• Here, we demonstrate the reconstitution of an eIF4E/eIF4G/Pab1p complex with recombinant proteins, and show by atomic force microscopy that the complex can circularize capped, polyadenylated RNA [30].
• Determination of heat-shock transcription factor 2 stoichiometry at looped DNA complexes using scanning force microscopy [31].
• Atomic force microscopy reveals that ATM exists in two populations, with sizes consistent with monomeric and tetrameric states [32].
• Moreover, MRP8/MRP14 initiated oxidase activation on its own, through a calcium-dependent specific interaction with cytochrome b558 as shown by atomic force microscopy and a structure-function relationship investigation [33].
• Here, we report studies of Abeta amyloid protofibril and its seeded transition into amyloid fibrils using atomic force microscopy [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Microscopy, Atomic Force

• We used scanning force microscopy and gel shift analysis to show that M.HhaI, a cytosine C-5 DNA methyltransferase, causes only a 2 degree bend upon binding its recognition site [35].
• Here, I show by using chromatin immunoprecipitation, gel shift, footprinting, and atomic force microscopy assays that Fob1p directly binds to the RFB [36].
• We therefore used atomic force microscopy, a method previously used to study the crystallization of annexin A5, to image the effects of monoclonal human aPL antibodies on the crystal structure of the protein over phospholipid bilayers [37].
• Along with size reduction the valence band of the gold particles and the actual size were determined by ultraviolet- and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS, XPS) and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively [38].
• Effect of molecular weight on the exponential growth and morphology of hyaluronan/chitosan multilayers: a surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy investigation [39].

References