Disease relevance of Blood Circulation

• CONCLUSION: Transforming growth factor-beta1 is closely related to the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer, and production of TGF-beta1 in the tumor does not contribute to the total amount of TGF-beta1 in the blood circulation [1].
• We have demonstrated previously that D-12 primary tumors (human melanoma xenografts) suppress the growth of their spontaneous pulmonary micrometastases by secreting TSP-1 into the blood circulation [2].
• Furthermore, we showed that in vivo expression of Flt3L from an adenovirus vector increases the number of CD11b+ and CD11c+ cells (populations that include dendritic cells) in the blood circulation [3].
• Various concentrations of serum CEA samples from patients with metastatic colon cancers exclusively bound to the TJA-I column, reflecting that CEA molecules exfoliated into the blood circulation comprise sugar chains with Sia alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc residues [4].
• OBJECTIVES: Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) hydrolyses organophosphate pesticides (OPs) entering the blood circulation and tissue fluid thus limiting toxicity [5].

High impact information on Blood Circulation

• Impairments in blood circulation that accompany heart failure can be traced, in part, to alterations in the activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump that are induced by its interactions with phospholamban, a reversible inhibitor [6].
• Isolated suspensions of colonocytes from the rat were used to assess utilization, interaction, and fate of metabolic substrates normally obtained from colonic bacteria (acetate, propionate, butyrate) or derived from the blood circulation to the colonic mucosa (D-glucose, acetoacetate, L-glutamine) [7].
• Anti-TNF-alpha treatment of T. brucei-infected mice reveals a dramatic increase in parasitaemia in the blood circulation, the spleen, the lymph nodes, and the peritoneal cavity [8].
• As soon as it develops in the embryo, it enters the blood circulation and becomes detectable both in the developing fetal liver and the yolk sac of the 10 day embryo [9].
• One of the most important functions of the blood circulation is O2 delivery to the tissue [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Blood Circulation

• Ischemia of the intestines damages the permeability of the intestinal wall, allowing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (endotoxin) to leak from the gut lumen into the blood circulation, causing shock and death [11].
• The results indicated that fructose feeding did not produce hyperlipemia and lactic acidosis in the blood circulation in Zucker rats [12].
• To elucidate the mechanism of bacterial exoprotease in promotion of the intravascular dissemination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we examined the possible involvement of bradykinin (whose generation is induced by pseudomonal proteases in septic foci) in the invasion by bacteria, and in access of bacterial toxins to systemic blood circulation [13].
• An additional analysis of pyruvate was performed in some patients to calculate the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio.This study showed that glucose, lactate, and glycerol change in a characteristic way when complete ischemia (i.e., complete inhibition of the blood circulation) is present [14].
• After 7 days or more, some animals were anaesthetized with pentobarbitone and respiration was artificially maintained at the level recorded in the conscious state, whilst the quantity of catecholamines liberated during anaphylaxis was assayed using an extra-corporeal blood circulation to superfuse smooth muscle preparations [15].

Biological context of Blood Circulation

• Our results also show that human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) can be produced from rat muscle and delivered to blood circulation at a biologically active level after a single i.m. injection of an SP1017-formulated plasmid (pCMV/hHGF) followed by electroporation [16].
• Long-term dietary supplementation of fresh garlic may exert a lipid-lowering effect partly through reducing intestinal MTP gene expression, thus suppressing the assembly and secretion of chylomicrons from intestine to the blood circulation [17].
• 14C-Cholesteryl oleate with extremely high lipophilicity revealed widely varied disposition profiles reflecting the distribution patterns of carriers: micellar solution and liposomes showed large AUC values and low hepatic clearances, while the use of emulsion as a carrier resulted in rapid clearance from blood circulation into the liver [18].
• Facial hyperaemia during intense salivation after atropine administration is explained as a result of the intensified release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide from the gland, stimulated by atropine, into the blood circulation [19].
• After 120 minutes of blood circulation, the thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) levels, beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) levels, and platelet counts were assessed [20].

Anatomical context of Blood Circulation

• We conclude that Kupffer cells are mainly responsible for the removal of damaged red cells from the blood circulation, a process mediated by polyinosinic acid- and phosphatidylserine-sensitive scavenger receptors, different from scavenger receptor class A type I and II [21].
• This review reports on the potential role of Fas/FasL in immune therapy and summarizes current experimental and clinical data with the leukocyte inhibition module (LIM), an immobilized anti-Fas antibody containing device yet used in extracorporeal blood circulation [22].
• Our results strongly suggest melanoma and endothelial cell death and subsequent continuous drainage to the blood as the major mechanism behind S100B release to the blood circulation [23].
• The effect on outflow to general blood circulation and uveoscleral outflow were determined by using the fluorophotometric Diamox technique, and the effect on the uveoscleral outflow was further assessed by using the anterior chamber perfusion method [24].
• The fetal syncytiotrophoblast cells in close contact with maternal blood circulation apparently lack surface expression of HLA molecules, including the HLA light chain beta 2-microglobulin [25].

Associations of Blood Circulation with chemical compounds

• The multiple physiologic functions of angiotensin II(AII) are generally supposed to be mediated by the peptide generated in the blood circulation [26].
• Two functionally distinct pools of vitronectin (Vn) in the blood circulation: identification of a heparin-binding competent population of Vn within platelet alpha-granules [27].
• These neurons synthesize the neurohormones vasopressin and oxytocin and release them in the blood circulation [28].
• Various studies have shown that mannose receptors rapidly eliminate glycoproteins and microorganisms bearing high mannose-type carbohydrate chains from the blood circulation [29].
• Oxidized cholesterol esters from LDL can be transferred to HDL and efficiently and selectively removed from the blood circulation by the liver and adrenal in vivo [30].

Gene context of Blood Circulation

• We propose that these post-translationally modified forms of RBP occur in cells and that after their release into the blood circulation RBP2 is cleared by the kidney in healthy individuals but accumulates in the serum of CRF patients [31].
• BACKGROUND: Tissue kallikrein regulates blood circulation [32].
• The data show a selective role of Uncx4.1 in controlling the development of connections of hypothalamic neurons to pituitary elements, allowing central neurons to reach the peripheral blood circulation and to deliver hormones for control of peripheral functions [33].
• Systemic hemodynamics and regional blood circulation were determined before (baseline) and at 30 min after the injection of each dose of ET-1 or IRL 1620 [34].
• The importance of the exosome clearance function is highlighted here, since the presence of VLA-4 on reticulocytes often leads to blood circulation complications in some diseases [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Blood Circulation

• In the present study, biodistribution studies in healthy rats showed rapid clearance of the pH-sensitive system dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE)/dipalmitoylglycerosuccinate (DPSG) liposomal GdDTPA-BMA from the blood circulation with most of the Gd dose in the liver at 15 min post intravenous injection [36].
• The changes seen in the skin and muscle after injection of hydralazine as assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry were similar to those assessed by uptake of 86Rb, indicating a significant increase in blood circulation in these tissues [37].
• The preoperative administration of GM (GM group) substantially alleviated hepatic I/R injury compared with the untreated control group; postoperative serum transaminase levels were significantly decreased in association with marked suppression of IL-6 levels in blood circulation during surgery [38].
• Following oral administration in neonatal pigs, bovine lactoferrin appeared in the blood circulation and reached a peak level after 2 h [39].
• The systemic haemodynamics and regional blood circulation in urethane anaesthetized rats following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ET-1, ET-2, SRT6b, ET-3 and SRT6c (10, 30 and 90 ng) were determined by a radioactive microsphere technique [40].

References