Disease relevance of COX1.3

• Xeroderma pigmentosum group F caused by a defect in a structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease [1].
• The effects of Eco RI endonuclease-cleaved Escherichia coli and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) DNA fragments on the propagation of the lambda bacteriophage vectors containing them were determined on a nonmutanted and a PolA E. coli K12 host [2].
• Transcription factor TFIIH and DNA endonuclease Rad2 constitute yeast nucleotide excision repair factor 3: implications for nucleotide excision repair and Cockayne syndrome [3].
• Cleavage of yeast and bacteriophage T7 genomes at a single site using the rare cutter endonuclease I-Sce I [4].
• The susceptibility of DNA from irradiated cells to nicking by an endonuclease activity prepared from crude extracts of Micrococcus luteus was used to measure the presence of dimers in DNA [5].

High impact information on COX1.3

• The first step in tRNA splicing is the removal of introns catalyzed in yeast by the tRNA splicing endonuclease [6].
• Crystal structure of PI-SceI, a homing endonuclease with protein splicing activity [7].
• This report presents prototypic structures of domains with single endonuclease and protein splicing active sites [7].
• Homothallic yeast cells undergo a specific pattern of mating-type switching initiated by an endonuclease encoded by the HO gene [8].
• The structures of Tcr plasmids was analyzed by restriction endonuclease mapping and was consistent with a recombination reaction involving crossing-over and gene conversion [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of COX1.3

• The assay employs dimer-specific, endonuclease activities from Micrococcus luteus together with DNA sedimentation through calibrated, alkaline sucrose gradients to detect endonuclease-induced, single-strand breaks [10].
• The action of an endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus that operates on UV damage in DNA overlaps with that of DNA photolyase from yeast: homo- and heterocyclobutane dipyrimidines in DNA are substrates for both enzymes, but pyrimidine adducts or the "spore photoproduct" in DNA are not [11].

Biological context of COX1.3

• One endonuclease, which we call YZ endo, is present only in yeast strains that are undergoing mating-type interconversion [12].
• For aI2 this predominantly occurs by reverse transcription of unspliced precursor RNA at a break in double-strand DNA made by an endonuclease encoded by the intron [13].
• One such enzyme is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dna2 helicase/endonuclease, which is essential for cell viability and is well suited to removing RNA primers of Okazaki fragments [14].
• Accuracy in transfer RNA (tRNA) splicing is essential for the formation of functional tRNAs, and hence for gene expression, in both Eukaryotes and Archaea. The specificity for recognition of the tRNA precursor (pre-tRNA) resides in the endonuclease, which removes the intron by making two independent endonucleolytic cleavages [15].
• The gene, called CCE1 (cruciform cutting endonuclease), was sequenced and found to have an open reading frame encoding a 41 kDa protein [16].

Anatomical context of COX1.3

• The Saccharomyces cerevisiae HO gene, which encodes a site-specific endonuclease, is transcribed in the parent (mother) cell but not in the daughter (bud) cell [17].
• An endonuclease with multiple cutting sites, Endo.SceI, initiates genetic recombination at its cutting site in yeast mitochondria [18].
• To determine whether XpF/Ercc1 endonuclease has a similar role in mitotic recombination, we targeted the APRT locus in Chinese hamster ovary ERCC1(+) and ERCC1(-) cell lines with insertion vectors having long or short terminal non-homologies flanking each side of a double-strand break [19].
• Since the other tRNA splicing component, the endonuclease, has the characteristics of an integral membrane protein, we hypothesize that it constitutes the site for the interaction of ligase with the nuclear envelope [20].
• The data are thus consistent with the idea that frequent horizontal transmission is necessary for the long-term persistence of homing endonuclease genes, and further, that this requirement limits these genes to organisms with easily accessible germ lines [21].

Associations of COX1.3 with chemical compounds

• The mitochondrial DNA segments of two independently isolated rho- clones of S. cerevisiae carrying a genetic marker for a threonine tRNA have been characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing [22].
• The activity of the wheat germ endonuclease is stimulated 3-fold by the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 [23].
• tRNA splicing in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires an endonuclease to excise the intron, tRNA ligase to join the tRNA half-molecules, and 2'-phosphotransferase to transfer the splice junction 2'-phosphate from ligated tRNA to NAD, producing ADP ribose 1"-2" cyclic phosphate (Appr>p) [24].
• Moreover, changing the ratios of the MAG 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase and the APN1 AP endonuclease had profound effects on spontaneous mutation rates [25].
• DNaseY, a Ca(2+)- and Mg(2+)-dependent endonuclease, has been implicated in apoptotic DNA degradation; however, the molecular mechanisms controlling its involvement in this process have not been fully elucidated [26].

Other interactions of COX1.3

• We have tested the effects of SUV3-1 on a mutant containing two adjacent transversions within a dodecamer at the 3' end of fit1, a gene located within the 1,143-base-pair intron of the 21S rRNA gene, whose product is a site-specific endonuclease required in crosses for the quantitative transmission of that intron to 21S alleles that lack it [27].
• The primary transcripts are cleaved by an endonuclease to give tRNAAsp with a mature 5' terminus, and a pre-tRNAArg monomer with a 5' leader and 3' trailer sequences [28].
• Transcripts from this hybrid gene were found to be processed by endonuclease and ligase at the tRNATrp exon-intron boundaries [29].
• A second endonuclease cleavage of pre-tRNAArg generates the mature 5' terminus of tRNAArg [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of COX1.3

• Signature sequences of 16-20 bases were obtained by repeated cycles of enzymatic cleavage with a type IIs restriction endonuclease, adaptor ligation, and sequence interrogation by encoded hybridization probes [30].
• Small circular DNA molecules from genetically characterized clones of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been studied by restriction endonuclease analysis and electron microscopy [31].
• Analysis by restriction endonuclease digestion and Southern blot hybridization indicated that the physical arrangement of this region is highly conserved in all the Saccharomyces species analyzed, but displays length polymorphisms of limited size (50 to 60 base pairs) [32].
• Moreover, transmission electron microscopy and restriction endonuclease analysis of the mtDNA of mutant cells demonstrated the mitochondrial origin of the respiratory deficiency [33].
• Structural and functional analysis of the homing endonuclease PI-sceI by limited proteolytic cleavage and molecular cloning of partial digestion products [34].

References