Disease relevance of AES

• In this study we investigated recognition by ovarian tumor associated lymphocyte (OVTAL), and breast tumor associated lymphocytes (BRTAL), of peptides corresponding to the sequence 125-135 of the Aminoenhancer of split (AES) protein [1].
• In the group injected twice with AES reagents, toxicity was not significantly increased after the second treatment [2].
• Data collected from 13 patients establish that whole-body AES immunoscintigraphy revealed metastases < 360 mg and RIGS detected micrometastases (5-15 mg) [3].
• At 92.5 MBq, weight loss was significantly lower after AES than F6 treatment (P = 0.004) [2].
• A total of 259 consecutive, nonduplicate isolates of Enterobacteriaceae members, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were collected and tested by the VITEK 2 system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and the results were analyzed by the AES [4].

Psychiatry related information on AES

• Agitation (73), aggression (70), rash (20), hallucinations (13) and abnormal dreams (31 were unlabelled AES while abnormal liver function tests (12), syncope (8), abnormal behaviour (4) and visual disturbance (3) were labelled AES possibly due to mirtazapine use [5].

High impact information on AES

• AES specifically inhibited AR-mediated transcription in a well-defined cell-free transcription system and interacted specifically with the basal transcription factor (TFIIE) in HeLa nuclear extract [6].
• A yeast two-hybrid assay has identified an androgen-dependent interaction of androgen receptor (AR) with amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES), a member of the highly conserved Groucho/TLE family of corepressors [6].
• Parenteral exposures increased the risk of HCV but were not statistically significant; 67% of seroconverters were younger than 20 years of age, and the highest incidence rate (14.1/1,000 PY) was in children younger than 10 who were living in AES households with an anti-HCV-positive parent [7].
• Conversely, AES alone decreases the eye size and abrogates the phenotypic consequences of SIX3/6 over-expression [8].
• Although the Drosophila Groucho protein and its mammalian homologs, transducin-like enhancer of split proteins, are known to act as non-DNA binding corepressors, the role of the AES protein remains unclarified [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of AES

• The Advanced Expert System (AES) was used in conjunction with the VITEK 2 automated antimicrobial susceptibility test system to ascertain the beta-lactam phenotypes of 196 isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa [10].
• The susceptibility testing accuracy of the VITEK2 system and the ability of the Advance Expert System (AES) to provide interpretive readings were evaluated against 86 extended spectrum (ESBL) and 6 inhibitor-resistant-TEM (IRT) beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates [11].
• It is also shown that, even though AFEST is very resistant to temperature, its resistance towards the denaturing action of TFE is similar to that of mesophilic proteins, including an esterase from Escherichia coli, AES [12].
• Clinically important mechanisms were revealed by the VITEK 2 AES with >95% agreement with reference data including methicillin resistance in staphylococci (98%), high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci (100%), VanA and VanB phenotypes in enterococci (100%), and ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae (93.8%) [13].

Biological context of AES

• Our previous work found the amino-terminal enhancer of split (AES) molecule interacts with gp130 intracellular region through its conserved glutamine-rich (Q) domain [14].
• Mouse AES-1 and AES-2 proteins, probably resulting from alternative splicing, contain 202 and 196 amino acids, respectively, while mouse ESG protein consists of 771 amino acids [15].
• The nucleotide sequence of approximately 12 kb from the human AES gene was determined, and its protein-encoding sequence was shown to be interrupted by six introns [16].
• The human AES gene was further localized by fluorescence in situ hybridization to chromosome band 19p13.3 near the transcription factor 3 (TCF3) gene [16].
• AES also inhibited NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase kinase 1, which is an upstream kinase for NF-kappaB activation [9].

Anatomical context of AES

• Patients with recurrent or metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) were referred for pretargeted immunoscintigraphy (Affinity Enhancement System; AES) and radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS) [3].
• The percentages of leukocyte count changes were significantly lower after AES than F6 at 37 and 92.5 MBq (P = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively) [2].
• CONCLUSIONS: Multiplanar AES has enabled detailed longitudinal measurement of the components of the anal canal and has revealed important gender differences [17].
• A series of surface analytical techniques (XPS, AES, and surface contact angles) and in vitro analysis of cell attachment and spreading using gingival fibroblasts were performed [18].
• Contribution to Zn-speciation in human breast milk: fractionation of organic compounds by HPLC and subsequent Zn-determination by DCP-AES [19].

Associations of AES with chemical compounds

• Except for diethyllead, similar sensitivities were obtained by MIP-AES [20].
• A method is described for the determination of methylmercury and butyltin compounds in marine sediment and tissue using microwave-assisted acid extraction or digestion and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) followed by analysis using gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometric detection (GC-MIP-AES) [21].
• We evaluated the Advanced Expert System (AES), which interprets MICs generated by the VITEK 2 [22].
• The use of AES with different beta-emitters such as rhenium-188, samarium-153, or lutetium-177 or alpha-emitters such as actinium-225 or bismuth-213 is now considered [23].
• The dissolution of silicon (Si) and phosphate (P) was detected with direct current plasma atom emission spectroscopy (DCP-AES) monthly up to 6 months [24].

Enzymatic interactions of AES

• The two full-length cDNAs encoding ESG1 (Enhancer of split groucho) and related AES (Amino Enhancer of split) proteins of 767 and 197 amino acids, respectively, were cloned and sequenced from the African frog Xenopus laevis [25].

Other interactions of AES

• The Q domain in AES shares high homology with those in the transcription co-repressor transducin-like enhancer of split (TLE) proteins [14].
• Full-length AR, as well as the N-terminal fragment of AR, showed direct interactions with AES in in vitro protein-protein interaction assays [6].
• The films were annealed over a temperature range of 823-1373K and investigated with XAFS, XPS, AES and AFM [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AES

• Control groups were treated with nonspecific 131I-labeled F(ab')2, nonspecific AES reagents, nonradiolabeled F6, F6-734 bispecific antibody, and nonradiolabeled bivalent hapten or received no injection [2].
• Mice bearing TT tumor xenografts were treated with 37, 74, or 92.5 MBq of AES reagents, two injections of 74 MBq of AES reagents 45 days apart, or 37 or 92.5 MBq of 131I-F6 [2].
• CONCLUSION: Radioimmunotherapy with AES is predicted to be as efficient and with lower hematological toxicity than direct targeting [27].
• In addition, changes in features before and after adsorption were observed by utilizing FTIR, XRD, ToF-SIMS, and AES/SAM, examining the surface chemistry [28].
• For sesquiterpenes, methods like GC, GC-EI-MS, GC-CI-MS, GC-MS-MS, GC-FT-IR, GC-UV, GC-AES, 13C-NMR, PY-GC-MS, HPLC, HPLC-TSP, SFE, SFC, SFC-UV are available, GC combined with MS is the most widespread [29].

References