Disease relevance of dnt

• Moderate turbinate atrophy and bronchopneumonia were found in most pigs given the parent strains, while there was no turbinate atrophy or pneumonia in pigs challenged with the dnt mutant strains [1].
• Role of the dermonecrotic toxin of Bordetella bronchiseptica in the pathogenesis of respiratory disease in swine [1].
• Stimulation of bone resorption by inflamed nasal mucosa, dermonecrotic toxin-containing conditioned medium from Pasteurella multocida, and purified dermonecrotic toxin from P. multocida [2].
• It produces several purported virulence factors, including the dermonecrotic toxin (DNT), which has been implicated in the turbinate atrophy seen in cases of atrophic rhinitis [1].
• The complete sequence of the B. bronchiseptica DNT gene was determined and was more than 99% homologous to the DNT gene of B. pertussis [3].

High impact information on dnt

• Moreover, CNF1 and DNT stimulated DNA synthesis without activation of p42(mapk) and p44(mapk) providing additional evidence for a novel p21(rho)-dependent signaling pathway that leads to entry into the S phase of the cell cycle in Swiss 3T3 [4].
• The purpose of these experiments was to clarify the role of this toxin in respiratory disease by comparing the pathogenicity in swine of two isogenic dnt mutants to their virulent DNT(+) parent strains [1].
• Therefore, production of DNT by B. bronchiseptica is necessary to produce the lesions of turbinate atrophy and bronchopneumonia in pigs infected with this organism [1].
• In this study, to analyze the functional and structural organization of DNT, we prepared 10 clones of hybridoma producing anti-DNT monoclonal antibodies [5].
• Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) stimulates the assembly of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions by deamidating or polyaminating Gln63 of the small GTPase Rho [5].

Chemical compound and disease context of dnt

• Intravenous injection of DNT at doses of 0.5 and 2.0 ng resulted in a significant suppression of the antibody response both to sheep red blood cells and to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide as measured by plaque-forming cell and hemagglutination assays [6].
• Toxicity of P multocida or B bronchiseptica DNT was completely inactivated by heating at 70 C for 30 minutes, and was reduced by treatment with trypsin, formalin, or glutaraldehyde, indicating that the DNT may be a protein [7].

Biological context of dnt

• Two cosmid clones which apparently contained the complete B. bronchiseptica DNT gene were identified, but they did not express the toxin [3].
• A 5-kb fragment containing the DNT gene was subcloned from one of the cosmid clones onto a high-copy-number plasmid, and this resulted in low-level expression of the toxin [3].
• The effects of Bordetella bronchiseptica dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) on the in vivo antibody response of mice were investigated [6].
• Clinical and pathological effects of the dermonecrotic toxin of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida in specific-pathogen-free piglets [8].
• The effect of dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) expression of Bordetella bronchiseptica was studied in mice by comparing the pathology induced by a wild type strain with that induced by an isogenic DNT- strain in which part of the structural gene has been replaced by an antibiotic resistance cassette [9].

Anatomical context of dnt

• Hence, colonization of B. bronchiseptica and production of its DNT on the swine nasal mucosa appear to result in the production of mucosal damage [10].
• The mutant strains lacked either motility, the ability to agglutinate guinea pig erythrocytes, or the ability to produce dermonecrotic toxin [11].
• Since high alkaline phosphatase activity and accumulation of collagen are closely linked to differentiation of the cells into osteoblasts, it is considered likely that B. bronchiseptica dermonecrotic toxin impairs the ability of the cells to differentiate [12].
• The stimulatory action of DNT on 45Ca release was accompanied by an increase in numbers of preosteoclasts and osteoclasts [2].
• The effects of Bordetella bronchiseptica dermonecrotic toxin on the structure and function of a clonal osteoblastic cell line, MC3T3-E1, were investigated [12].

Associations of dnt with chemical compounds

• Sub-MICs of either tilmicosin, tylosin, or apramycin had no effect on P. multocida dermonecrotic toxin production [13].

Other interactions of dnt

• The fact that the most virulent isolate did not express dermonecrotic toxin suggests that this toxin does not play an important role in the virulence of the bacteria in the murine model [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of dnt

• Western blot analysis revealed that 2B3 recognized the N-terminal region of DNT [5].
• The effects of inflamed nasal mucosa from pigs with atrophic rhinitis (AR), cell extract from Bordetella bronchiseptica, conditioned medium from Pasteurella multocida, and purified dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) from P. multocida on mouse fetal long bones in organ culture were studied [2].
• Dermonecrotic toxin produced by Bordetella bronchiseptica was purified by chromatography on DEAE Toyopearl 650M and on Bio-Gel HTP, gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, and subsequent chromatography on Bio-Gel HTP and on SP Toyopearl 650M [15].
• In contrast, turbinate atrophy developed when these preparations were injected IM or when intranasal administration of DNT was preceded by inoculation of B bronchiseptica [16].
• Thus, we considered that the immunosuppression was attributable to a dysfunction of the spleen atrophied by the DNT [6].

References