Disease relevance of IL18

• Immune enhancing effects of recombinant bovine IL-18 on foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in mice model [1].
• These results suggested that inhibition of experimental metastasis by oral administration of bLF and pepsin hydrolysate of bLF might be due to enhanced cellular immunity, presumably mediated by enhanced IL-18 production in the intestinal epithelium [2].
• These results indicate that the formation of lepromatous-type lesions or tuberculoid-type lesions may be influenced by alterations in Th1/Th2-type cytokine production and that IL-18 may play an important role in a Th1-to-Th2 switch in paratuberculosis [3].
• Recombinant caprine IL-18 was produced in Escherichia coli, which cross-reacted with two antiporcine IL-18 monoclonal antibodies [4].

High impact information on IL18

• Compared with BASMC, CVC had lower mRNA expression for osteopontin, which promotes osteoclast attachment, but greater mRNA expression for the soluble inhibitory cytokine, IL-18 [5].
• Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pleiotropic cytokine and plays important role in both the development of a functional immune system as well as the response of the organism to infection [1].
• NK cells responded to exogenous IL-12 and IL-18 with the production of IFN-gamma [6].
• In the present study, we addressed this hypothesis by investigating the intracellular localization of IL-18 and its receptor in bovine anterior pituitary gland [7].
• Furthermore, the expression of GH mRNA in IL-18 immunoreactive cells was confirmed by immuno-laser microdissection [7].

Biological context of IL18

• IL-18 mRNA was constitutively present in bovine peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), with no upregulation on stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [8].
• Multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that bovine IL-18 has 65% and 78% identity with the predicted amino acid sequences of murine and human IL-18, respectively [8].
• Full-length caprine IL-18 cDNA was isolated from mitogen-stimulated adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) [4].

Anatomical context of IL18

• IL-18 transcripts were weakly detected in B lymphocytes but inducible in the B cell line BL-3 [8].
• Antigen-specific T cell lines demonstrated IL-18-dependent enhancement of IFN-gamma production, indicating that bovine T cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that respond to IL-18 [8].
• In the small intestinal epithelium, CD4+ and CD8+ cells were markedly increased, and, simultaneously, enhanced production of interleukin-18 (IL-18) was confirmed in the intestinal epithelial cells [2].
• The IL-18 mRNA was constitutively detected in goat alveolar macrophages with or without LPS, While, enhanced expression was detected in splenocytes and liver cells if treated by LPS, and can be weakly detected in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated by activators [9].
• In this study, we examined the concentration of bovine IL-18 in the sera of pregnant cows, their fetuses and newborn calves, and in colostrum in order to examine the role of IL-18 in bovine pregnancy and the neonatal period [10].

Associations of IL18 with chemical compounds

• In this paper we report the isolation, cloning sequencing and expression of caprine precursor IL-18 [4].

Other interactions of IL18

• Expression of proinflammatory (IL-1beta, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]alpha) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-IRa, and IL-4) cytokines was also assessed [11].
• Subsequently, the distribution of the IL-18 receptor alpha (IL-18Ralpha) was investigated in order to understand IL-18 signaling among the anterior pituitary cells [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IL18

• IL-18 mRNA and its protein were detected in the anterior pituitary gland by RT-PCR and Western blotting [7].
• In situ hybridization showed that IL-18 mRNA was expressed in the anterior pituitary cells [7].
• Immunohistochemistry of IL-18 and specific hormones revealed the presence of IL-18 in somatotrophs [7].
• In this model, intravenous injection of murine IL-18 showed significant inhibition of the lung colonization by colon 26 carcinoma [2].

References