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Gene Review

PLB1  -  Plb1p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: Lysophospholipase 1, Phospholipase B 1, YM8270.10C, YMR008C
 
 
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Disease relevance of PLB1

  • By incubation of phospholipase B1 and phospholipase B2 with endoglycosidase H from Streptomyces griseus, one main protein with an apparent Mr of 67 000 and the same residual carbohydrate content was obtained [1].
  • Role of PLB1 in pulmonary inflammation and cryptococcal eicosanoid production [2].
  • Mice infected with either H99 or the plb1(rec) strain generated a nonprotective inflammatory response with subsequent eosinophilia, while mice infected with the plb1 mutant generated a protective immune response that controlled the infection [2].
 

High impact information on PLB1

 

Biological context of PLB1

  • Several genes with significant homology to PLB1 exist in the S. cerevisiae genome, raising the possibility that other proteins may contribute to the total phospholipase B/lysophospholipase/transacylase activities of the cell [5].
  • Over-expression of PLB1 with YEp plasmid vector in T. delbrueckii cells showed approximately 2.5-fold increase in phospholipase B activity, comparing with that in wild-type cells [6].
  • This gene, which is located adjacent to the PLB1 gene on the left arm of chromosome XIII and which we refer to as PLB2, encodes a phospholipase B/lysophospholipase [5].
  • The dominant location of PLB1 in the cell wall via GPI anchoring may permit immediate release of the enzyme in response to changing environmental conditions and may represent part of a novel mechanism for regulating the secretion of a fungal virulence determinant [7].
  • Deglycosylation of cryptococcal PLB1 increased its susceptibility to proteolysis suggesting that the absence of full glycosylation status leads to degradation of unstable PLB1, resulting in reduced traffic through the secretory pathway [8].
 

Anatomical context of PLB1

  • PLB1 produced the maximum cell-associated activity (>2-fold more than that for PLB1(GPI-)), with 75-86% of this in the cell-wall fraction, 6-19% in the membrane fraction and 3-7% in the cytosolic fraction [7].
  • Deletion of the GPI motif to create PLB1(GPI-) resulted in a redistribution of activity from the cell wall and membranes to the secreted and cytosolic fractions, with 36-54% of the total activity being secreted as compared with <5% for PLB1 [7].
  • Phospholipase B from the plasma membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Separation of two forms with different carbohydrate content [1].
  • Because PLB1 is believed to facilitate virulence through host cell lysis, we examined the interaction of these strains with macrophages [2].
  • This concept is illustrated in this review by summarizing recent evidence on Nte1p, a yeast endoplasmic reticulum resident phospholipase B that deacylates PtdCho producing intracellular glycerophosphocholine [9].
 

Associations of PLB1 with chemical compounds

 

Other interactions of PLB1

  • SPO1, induced early in development, encodes a meiosis-specific phospholipase B (PLB) homolog required at three stages of SPB morphogenesis: MI, MII, and spore formation [13].
  • This Mg2+-dependent fungicidal effect of AMPC16 was similarly observed with a mutant lacking any of the phospholipase B (Plbp) isozymes, whereas it was mostly suppressed in a phospholipase C (Plc1p) deletion mutant in which the liberation of fatty acids from phospholipids was completely prevented [14].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of PLB1

References

  1. Phospholipase B from the plasma membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Separation of two forms with different carbohydrate content. Witt, W., Schweingruber, M.E., Mertsching, A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1984) [Pubmed]
  2. Role of PLB1 in pulmonary inflammation and cryptococcal eicosanoid production. Noverr, M.C., Cox, G.M., Perfect, J.R., Huffnagle, G.B. Infect. Immun. (2003) [Pubmed]
  3. Potential role of phospholipases in virulence and fungal pathogenesis. Ghannoum, M.A. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. (2000) [Pubmed]
  4. Characterization and function in vivo of two novel phospholipases B/lysophospholipases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Merkel, O., Fido, M., Mayr, J.A., Prüger, H., Raab, F., Zandonella, G., Kohlwein, S.D., Paltauf, F. J. Biol. Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
  5. The PLB2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae confers resistance to lysophosphatidylcholine and encodes a phospholipase B/lysophospholipase. Fyrst, H., Oskouian, B., Kuypers, F.A., Saba, J.D. Biochemistry (1999) [Pubmed]
  6. Disruption of phospholipase B gene, PLB1, increases the survival of baker's yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii. Watanabe, Y., Imai, K., Oishi, H., Tamai, Y. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (1996) [Pubmed]
  7. Secretion of cryptococcal phospholipase B1 (PLB1) is regulated by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Djordjevic, J.T., Del Poeta, M., Sorrell, T.C., Turner, K.M., Wright, L.C. Biochem. J. (2005) [Pubmed]
  8. N-linked glycosylation sites affect secretion of cryptococcal phospholipase B1, irrespective of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring. Turner, K.M., Wright, L.C., Sorrell, T.C., Djordjevic, J.T. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (2006) [Pubmed]
  9. Phosphatidylcholine synthesis and its catabolism by yeast neuropathy target esterase 1. Pedro Fernández-Murray, J., McMaster, C.R. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (2007) [Pubmed]
  10. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae PLB1 gene encodes a protein required for lysophospholipase and phospholipase B activity. Lee, K.S., Patton, J.L., Fido, M., Hines, L.K., Kohlwein, S.D., Paltauf, F., Henry, S.A., Levin, D.E. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) [Pubmed]
  11. Regulation of activity in vitro and in vivo of three phospholipases B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Merkel, O., Oskolkova, O.V., Raab, F., El-Toukhy, R., Paltauf, F. Biochem. J. (2005) [Pubmed]
  12. Lipid rafts in Cryptococcus neoformans concentrate the virulence determinants phospholipase B1 and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Siafakas, A.R., Wright, L.C., Sorrell, T.C., Djordjevic, J.T. Eukaryotic Cell (2006) [Pubmed]
  13. Genetic Evidence for a SPO1-Dependent Signaling Pathway Controlling Meiotic Progression in Yeast. Tevzadze, G.G., Pierce, J.V., Esposito, R.E. Genetics (2007) [Pubmed]
  14. Irreversible deacylation of plasma membrane phospholipids by the combined action of Mg2+ and a long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase inhibitor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nakayama, K., Nakamura, T., Taniguchi, M., Tanaka, T. J. Biosci. Bioeng. (2002) [Pubmed]
  15. Purification and properties of a membrane-bound phospholipase B from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Ichimasa, M., Morooka, T., Niimura, T. J. Biochem. (1984) [Pubmed]
  16. Purification and characterization of phospholipase B from Kluyveromyces lactis, and cloning of phospholipase B gene. Oishi, H., Morimoto, T., Watanabe, Y., Tamai, Y. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. (1999) [Pubmed]
 
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