Disease relevance of Helplessness, Learned

• These findings suggest that the learned helplessness model is a reliable animal model of depression accompanied by 5-HT2 receptor hypersensitivity [1].
• 2. On the tests performed (antagonism of apomorphine- and oxotremorine-induced hypothermia, potentiation of yohimbine toxicity, L-5-HTP-induced head twitches and the learned-helplessness paradigm), T3 was active after subchronic treatment (1 injection per day for 3 days, ending 24 hours before testing) [2].

Psychiatry related information on Helplessness, Learned

• Poststress glucose mitigates behavioral impairment in rats in the "learned helplessness" model of psychopathology [3].
• We employed the learned helplessness model of depression to test the effectiveness of psychological stress in inducing a resistance of plasma corticosterone levels to dexamethasone suppression [4].
• The antidepressant-like effects induced by RB 38B, and especially by RB 38A, in the learned helplessness paradigm suggest that new mixed enkephalinase inhibitors, able to cross the blood-brain barrier, could provide a new strategy in the treatment of affective disorders [5].
• Examples include learned helplessness, HPA-axis responsivity, gastrointestinal vulnerability to ulcer, and other correlates of anxiety disorders [6].
• The administration of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors alone changed neither the behavior of the rats in two animal models of depression, the forced swimming test (entacapone and tolcapone) or in the learned helplessness paradigm (tolcapone), nor the locomotor activity [7].

High impact information on Helplessness, Learned

• The Rheumatology Attitudes Index (RAI) was administered to 138 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to determine its reliability and to examine the construct of learned helplessness in patients with this disease [8].
• The ability of three serotonin-uptake blockers to reverse the performance deficit in learning induced by previous uncontrollable stress (learned-helplessness paradigm) was investigated in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats [9].
• In this review, we will focus on the utility of current models (eg forced swim test, tail suspension test, olfactory bulbectomy, learned helplessness, chronic mild stress, drug-withdrawal-induced anhedonia) and research strategies aimed at investigating novel targets relevant to depression in the mouse [10].
• Brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor (BDNF) stress response in rats bred for learned helplessness [11].
• CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that depressed patients with high urinary output of MHPG are more likely to show the cognitive features of learned helplessness [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Helplessness, Learned

• Antagonism by benzodiazepines of the effects of serotonin-, but not norepinephrine-, uptake blockers in the learned helplessness paradigm in rats [13].
• Learned helplessness sensitizes hippocampal norepinephrine to mild restress [14].
• The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of benzodiazepines alone and in combination with two classes of antidepressant drugs: "specific" norepinephrine uptake blockers (desipramine, maprotiline) and specific serotonin uptake blockers (indalpine, fluvoxamine) in the learned helplessness paradigm in rats [13].
• Antidepressantlike effects of chronic nicotine on learned helplessness paradigm in rats [15].
• The present experiment was evaluated for potential antidepressive activity of captopril on the learned helplessness paradigm in rats [16].

Biological context of Helplessness, Learned

• Effect of a novel cognition enhancer NS-105 on learned helplessness in rats: possible involvement of GABA(B) receptor up-regulation after repeated treatment [17].
• The data suggest that the regulation of NPY gene expression may be involved in the reduced vulnerability of NLH rats to develop learned helplessness [18].
• During a learned-helplessness manipulation, antibody response to SRBC and NT values were unaffected [19].

Anatomical context of Helplessness, Learned

• This paper discusses the nature of learned helplessness, as well as the role of the dorsal raphe nucleus, serotonin, and corticotropin-releasing hormone in mediating the behavioral effects of uncontrollable stressors [20].
• RESULTS: In the learned helplessness model of depression, induction of CREB in the basolateral amygdala after training decreased the number of escape failures, an antidepressant response [21].
• Gel shift assays also showed the decrease of cAMP-response element (CRE)-binding activity relating to cAMP activity in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of learned helplessness rats on Days 1 and 7 [22].

Gene context of Helplessness, Learned

• The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that BDNF in the hippocampus produces an antidepressant effect in behavioral models of depression, the learned helplessness (LH) and forced swim test (FST) paradigms [23].
• The effects of CP-154,526 (butyl-ethyl-[2,5-dimethyl-7-(2,4,6 -trimethyl-phenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-amine), a selective corticotropin releasing factor (CRF1) receptor antagonist, were examined in the learned helplessness procedure, a putative model of depression with documented sensitivity to diverse classes of antidepressant drugs [24].
• Involvement of corticotropin-releasing factor subtype 1 receptor in the acquisition phase of learned helplessness in rats [25].
• We employed a learned helplessness paradigm to compare the performance of 23 boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a comparable group of 22 nonreferred boys [26].
• This study is designed to measure effects of serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) agonists on escape deficits produced by inescapable shock in rats--a model of learned helplessness [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Helplessness, Learned

• In the animal model of learned helplessness, which is a biobehavioral model for stress-induced anxiety causing depression, the SSRIs including fluvoxamine prevent helplessness [28].

References