Disease relevance of Proctocolitis

• 5-Aminosalicylic acid enema in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis, and proctitis [1].
• A 17-yr-old boy developed acute proctosigmoiditis after the institution of isotretinoin for the treatment of cystic acne vulgaris [2].
• Comparison of mesalazine suppositories in proctitis and distal proctosigmoiditis [3].
• Thus, HLA-DR3 and SCO1 may constitute primary, independent risk factors, not for any kind of amoebic tissue invasion (i.e. amoebic rectocolitis), but specifically for amoebic liver abscess, irrespective of age or sex [4].
• After rectocolitis the abdominal response to rectal distension was enhanced and trimebutine at 5mgkg(-1) reduced and at 10 mgkg(-1) suppressed inflammation-induced hyperalgesia, an effect reversed by naloxone [5].

High impact information on Proctocolitis

• Treatment of chronic proctosigmoiditis with cyclosporin enemas [6].
• Isotretinoin-associated proctosigmoiditis [2].
• Thus calcipotriol can dampen the hyperproliferative state in ulcerative proctocolitis and could have a therapeutic role in the control of this inflammatory condition [7].
• Cell turnover is increased in ulcerative proctocolitis, which might therefore respond to vitamin D3 metabolites [7].
• Calcipotriol inhibits rectal epithelial cell proliferation in ulcerative proctocolitis [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Proctocolitis

• The amount of prednisolone absorbed from a 20 mg retention enema given to patients with proctocolitis was about 44% of that absorbed from the same dose orally administered [8].
• Treatment of distal ulcerative colitis (proctosigmoiditis) in relapse: comparison of hydrocortisone enemas and rectal hydrocortisone foam [9].
• Topical therapy with amino salicylate enemas is the treatment of choice for proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, and left-sided ulcerative colitis [10].
• Colonic motility in chronic ulcerative proctosigmoiditis and the effects of nicotine on colonic motility in patients and healthy subjects [11].
• Effect of ecabet sodium enema on mildly to moderately active ulcerative proctosigmoiditis: an open-label study [12].

Anatomical context of Proctocolitis

• Prior to receiving supplementation, patients with proctocolitis (n = 18) showed significantly higher numbers of cells expressing CD3 (pan T cells) and HLA-DR and IgM containing cells compared with non-colitic controls (n = 8) [13].
• Methylene Blue dye spraying method is currently used in the endoscopic assessment of the colonic mucosa of patients with chronic ulcerative proctocolitis [14].
• The influence of intermittent colorectal distension (CRD) on proximal colonic motility and abdominal pain perception was investigated in awake rats equipped with intraparietal electrodes on the cecum, proximal colon, and abdomen, before and three days after rectocolitis induction by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNB)/ethanol [15].

Gene context of Proctocolitis

• Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients suffering from ulcerative proctocolitis [16].
• Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been measured by radioimmunoassay in samples obtained from all patients suffering from ulcerative proctocolitis and seen within a four-month period [16].
• It is concluded that ACTH is not intrinsically superior to hydrocortisone in these doses, in the treatment of severe proctocolitis [17].
• We conclude that 5-HT and 5-HT3 receptors mediate RD-induced viscerosensitive alterations in rats, both in normal conditions and during TNB-induced rectocolitis [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Proctocolitis

• Plasma prednisolone levels have been measured by radioimmunoassay after oral and rectal administration to healthy volunteers and to patients with idiopathic proctocolitis [8].
• This study aimed to measure retrospectively the occurrence of proctocolitis after colonoscopy in persons exposed to glutaraldehyde used as a disinfectant for colonoscopes, and to compare this rate with that in patients exposed to the previous cleaning procedure [19].
• A multicentre double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of 1 g or 1.5 g mesalazine daily compared with placebo in 94 patients with mild to moderate distal proctosigmoiditis (less than 20 cm) [20].
• An epidemiologic study of proctocolitis in the Leiden Health Care Region was conducted between 1979 and 1983 [21].
• In clinical trials, mesalamine has proved efficacious in treating refractory cases of distal ulcerative colitis, proctitis, and proctosigmoiditis [22].

References