Disease relevance of Proctitis

• Oral acyclovir for treatment of first-episode herpes simplex virus proctitis [1].
• Durations of local signs and symptoms of proctitis, such as rectal pain, discharge, and friability, were shorter in acyclovir recipients than in placebo recipients, but these differences were not statistically significant [1].
• Persistence of proctitis in 2 cases of clindamycin-associated colitis [2].
• Toxicity was limited to mild sedation in all patients and proctitis in 2 patients on suppositories (one of whom required discontinuation of methadone) [3].
• Thirty patients with distal ulcerative colitis in remission (17 proctitis, 13 proctosigmoiditis) were randomly given either 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) or placebo suppositories, 400 mg bid [4].

High impact information on Proctitis

• Formalin therapy for radiation proctitis [5].
• Four grams of intramuscular spectinomycin hydrochloride appears to be effective in the treatment of gonococcal proctitis [6].
• Rectal sucralfate in radiation proctitis [7].
• Lignocaine and ulcerative proctitis [8].
• Severe radiation-induced proctitis treated with botulinum anatoxin type A [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Proctitis

• BACKGROUND: Daily administration of rectal formulations of mesalazine is effective in preventing relapse of ulcerative proctitis [10].
• Suppositories of sulphapyridine, 5-aminosalicylic acid, and placebo were used in 45 patients with idiopathic proctitis to determine the active part of sulphasalazine [11].
• Disodium cromoglycate in the treatment of chronic proctitis [12].
• Twenty-two patients with chronic proctitis were treated with metronidazole for 28 days in a double-blind controlled trial, but they did not appear to benefit from the drug [13].
• We report a case of gonococcal proctitis in a homosexual man that did not respond to therapy with ampicillin plus probenecid and tetracycline, but subsequently responded to spectinomycin therapy [14].

Biological context of Proctitis

• Onset or resolution of diversion proctitis was not associated with any significant changes in colonic cellular proliferation, glycoprotein synthesis or mucosa-associated or luminal flora [15].

Anatomical context of Proctitis

• The present study was performed to evaluate human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) as a specific neutrophil marker in the inflamed lesions of the colon and rectum in patients with colitis and proctitis [16].
• All five patients infected with serovar L-1 were homosexual men who had symptomatic proctitis characterized by rectal pain, discharge, tenesmus, abnormalities seen on anoscopy, and leukocytes seen on gram stains of rectal specimens [17].
• Lymphoid follicular proctitis was, overall, characterized by rectal bleeding, a congested and granular mucosa without ulceration, abnormal and coalescing hyperplastic lymphoid follicles without acute inflammation, and failure to respond to local steroid therapy [18].
• Our results indicate that methylene blue dye spraying method can be useful in the functional assessment of the rectal epithelium, especially for differentiating normal subjects and patients with mild ulcerative proctitis [19].
• Oral administration of cyclosporin does not prevent expansion of antigen-specific, gut-associated, and spleen lymphocyte populations during Chlamydia trachomatis proctitis in nonhuman primates [20].

Gene context of Proctitis

• There was a negative association between TLR6 S249P and ulcerative colitis with proctitis only (P = .026, OR [95% CI] 0.223 [0.096-0.705]) [21].
• Ulcerative proctitis, rectal prolapse, and intestinal pseudo-obstruction in transgenic mice overexpressing hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor [22].
• CONCLUSIONS: The mucosal levels of IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly higher in both diseased and normal segments of colon in patients with radiation proctitis, compared with normal controls [23].
• Compared with the radiation proctitis patients, the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in the IBD group [23].
• This is in contrast with 65 cases of non-specific proctitis where the mucin pattern of rectal biopsies was normal in all except one case [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Proctitis

• Use of mesalazine slow release suppositories 1 g three times per week to maintain remission of ulcerative proctitis: a randomised double blind placebo controlled multicentre study [10].
• The effect of oral sucralfate on the acute proctitis associated with prostate radiotherapy: a double-blind, randomized trial [25].
• A phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of misoprostol rectal suppositories to prevent acute radiation proctitis in patients with prostate cancer [26].
• Her symptoms developed suddenly, 9 months after treatment with hydrocortisone enemas for ulcerative proctitis [27].
• Sucralfate does not ameliorate acute radiation proctitis: randomised study and meta-analysis [28].

References