Disease relevance of Prurigo

• Augmentation of ultraviolet erythema by indomethacin in actinic prurigo: evidence of mechanism of photosensitivity [1].
• Increased numbers of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P immunoreactive nerve fibre bundles were detected in specimens taken from prurigo nodularis lesions, but no increased immunoreactivity could be seen in specimens taken from patients having neurodermatitis circumscripta compared to normal skin [2].
• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate safety and efficacy of thalidomide in the treatment of prurigo nodularis in a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients whose condition was recalcitrant to standard treatment [3].
• Dermatologic disorders in addition to ENL in which thalidomide's effectiveness is well documented include aphthous stomatitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, actinic prurigo, Behçet's disease, and prurigo nodularis [4].
• The results verified the usefulness of S100 staining in detection of neural hyperplasia in dermal nerves, a feature regarded as diagnostic for prurigo nodularis [5].

High impact information on Prurigo

• Prurigo nodularis and aluminium overload in maintenance haemodialysis [6].
• Highest IL-31 levels were detected in prurigo nodularis, one of the most pruritic forms of chronic skin inflammation [7].
• Thalidomide treatment for prurigo nodularis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects: efficacy and risk of neuropathy [3].
• Moreover, the points of chronic eruptions such as lichenification and prurigo were significantly higher in the patients with elevated TIMP-1 levels than those with normal TIMP-1, while those of acute lesions such as oozy/microvesicles and oedema were not different between these groups [8].
• CONCLUSION: Topical treatment of prurigo nodularis with capsaicin proved to be an effective and safe regimen resulting in clearing of the skin lesions [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Prurigo

• Treatment of nodular prurigo with cyclosporin (treat the disease, not just the symptoms) [10].
• Prurigo pigmentosa treated with minocycline [11].
• Etretinate and nodular prurigo [12].
• Its efficacy in actinic prurigo is also impressive, and there are reports suggesting benefit in discoid lupus erythematosus [13].
• The neuropeptides, CGRP and substance P, may be responsible for the intense itching of prurigo nodularis lesions [2].

Anatomical context of Prurigo

• Demonstration by S-100 protein staining of increased numbers of nerves in the papillary dermis of patients with prurigo nodularis [14].
• Direct immunofluorescence studies of a prurigo nodularis-like lesion and peribullous skin showed the deposition of IgG, IgA, and C3 in a linear pattern at the basement membrane zone [15].
• To investigate the appearance of mast cells in prurigo nodularis, histamine immunohistochemistry in combination with nerve growth factor receptor (NGFr) double-staining as well as electron microscopic studies were performed [16].
• Langerhans cells in prurigo nodularis investigated by HLA-DR and S-100 immunofluorescence double staining [17].
• Eosinophil cationic protein- and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin/eosinophil protein X-immunoreactive eosinophils in prurigo nodularis [18].

Gene context of Prurigo

• The involvement of keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of actinic prurigo is suggested by the expression of ICAM-1 on these cells [19].
• The absence of significant changes in lichenified skin suggests that the increase in CGRP- and SP-immunoreactive nerve fibres is a characteristic feature of nodular prurigo and may be important in its pathogenesis [20].
• The immunoreactivity of ECP and EDN/EPX in prurigo lesional skin was stronger than in uninvolved skin or control skin [18].
• In prurigo nodularis lesional skin, the ECP- and EDN/EPX-containing cells, which were mainly distributed in the upper dermis, were significantly increased in number compared to their numbers in uninvolved and normal skin [18].
• Multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as prurigo: two cases [21].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prurigo

• Thirteen Besnier's prurigo patients were treated with interferon alpha therapy, ten with interferon gamma, ten with thymopentin, and the remaining 11 were untreated as the control group [22].
• Treatment of prurigo nodularis: use of cryosurgery and intralesional steroids plus lidocaine [23].
• The concentration of iron, cooper and zinc in the skin of patients with prurigo nodularis was measured by diagnostic X-ray spectrometry before and after treatment with thalidomide [24].
• The present study, utilizing chymase and tryptase immunofluorescence double-labelling and conventional electron microscopy techniques, has identified a kind of mast cells with obvious dendritic features in the lesional dermis of prurigo nodularis skin [25].

References