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MeSH Review

Mast Cells

 
 
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Disease relevance of Mast Cells

  • Immediate hypersensitivity reflects the permanent sensitization of mucosal mast cells by allergen-specific IgE antibodies bound to their high-affinity receptors (FcepsilonRI) [1].
  • In each of six patients who experienced corresponding anaphylactic reactions after penicillin, aspirin, or melon ingestion, a wasp sting, exercise, or antilymphocyte globulin injection, tryptase levels in serum ranged from 9 to 75 ng per milliliter, indicating mast-cell activation during each of these events [2].
  • Most urticarias are induced by vasoactive mediators such as histamine released from mast cells [3].
  • Mice with mutations at the microphthalmia (mi) locus have some or all of the following defects: loss of pigmentation, reduced eye size, failure of secondary bone resorption, reduced numbers of mast cells, and early onset of deafness [4].
  • In vivo administration of SCF can reverse the macrocytic anemia and locally repair the mast cell deficiency of Sl/Sld mice [5].
 

Psychiatry related information on Mast Cells

 

High impact information on Mast Cells

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Mast Cells

 

Biological context of Mast Cells

 

Anatomical context of Mast Cells

 

Associations of Mast Cells with chemical compounds

  • We measured 9 alpha, 11 beta-dihydroxy-15-oxo-2,3,18,19-tetranorprost-5-ene-1,20-dioic acid (PGD-M), the principal metabolite of prostaglandin D2, a mast-cell secretory product, to assess whether mast cells had been activated to release histamine [30].
  • Eleven of the 17 patients had tryptase levels of 4 to 88 ng per milliliter, indicating ongoing mast-cell activation [2].
  • To test this hypothesis we have combined patch-clamp measurements of the activity of single exocytotic fusion pores in beige mouse mast cells with the electrochemical detection of serotonin released during the exocytotic events [31].
  • Abnormal mast cells in mice deficient in a heparin-synthesizing enzyme [32].
  • Experiments in animals reveal that the phenomenon is dependent on the action of proteases from mast cells stimulated by substance P [33].
 

Gene context of Mast Cells

  • BSF-1 activity, including the ability to enhance the growth of IL-3-dependent mast cells, was detected in the supernatants of transformed mast cells [34].
  • Among these is the ability of BSF-1 to costimulate the growth of mast cells and regulate the production of IgE [34].
  • Biochemical analyses reveal that signalling pathways dependent on PI(3)K, a critical component of Fc(epsilon)RI signalling, are defective in Gab2-/- mast cells [23].
  • Mast cells generated from Rac2-deficient (-/-) mice demonstrated defective actin-based functions, including adhesion, migration, and degranulation [35].
  • HK-1 has several biological activities that are similar to the most studied tachykinin, substance P, such as induction of plasma extravasation and mast cell degranulation [36].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mast Cells

References

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  2. Tryptase levels as an indicator of mast-cell activation in systemic anaphylaxis and mastocytosis. Schwartz, L.B., Metcalfe, D.D., Miller, J.S., Earl, H., Sullivan, T. N. Engl. J. Med. (1987) [Pubmed]
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  15. Somatic c-KIT activating mutation in urticaria pigmentosa and aggressive mastocytosis: establishment of clonality in a human mast cell neoplasm. Longley, B.J., Tyrrell, L., Lu, S.Z., Ma, Y.S., Langley, K., Ding, T.G., Duffy, T., Jacobs, P., Tang, L.H., Modlin, I. Nat. Genet. (1996) [Pubmed]
  16. Critical protective role of mast cells in a model of acute septic peritonitis. Echtenacher, B., Männel, D.N., Hültner, L. Nature (1996) [Pubmed]
  17. Unequivocal delayed hypersensitivity in mast cell-deficient and beige mice. Galli, S.J., Hammel, I. Science (1984) [Pubmed]
  18. Prostaglandin D2 reinforces Th2 type inflammatory responses of airways to low-dose antigen through bronchial expression of macrophage-derived chemokine. Honda, K., Arima, M., Cheng, G., Taki, S., Hirata, H., Eda, F., Fukushima, F., Yamaguchi, B., Hatano, M., Tokuhisa, T., Fukuda, T. J. Exp. Med. (2003) [Pubmed]
  19. Cardiac mast cell-derived renin promotes local angiotensin formation, norepinephrine release, and arrhythmias in ischemia/reperfusion. Mackins, C.J., Kano, S., Seyedi, N., Schäfer, U., Reid, A.C., Machida, T., Silver, R.B., Levi, R. J. Clin. Invest. (2006) [Pubmed]
  20. Generation of leukotrienes by purified human lung mast cells. MacGlashan, D.W., Schleimer, R.P., Peters, S.P., Schulman, E.S., Adams, G.K., Newball, H.H., Lichtenstein, L.M. J. Clin. Invest. (1982) [Pubmed]
  21. The bronchoconstrictor effect of inhaled prostaglandin D2 in normal and asthmatic men. Hardy, C.C., Robinson, C., Tattersfield, A.E., Holgate, S.T. N. Engl. J. Med. (1984) [Pubmed]
  22. A noncytotoxic mast cell tumor line exhibits potent IgE-dependent cytotoxicity after transfection with the cytolysin/perforin gene. Shiver, J.W., Henkart, P.A. Cell (1991) [Pubmed]
  23. Essential role for Gab2 in the allergic response. Gu, H., Saito, K., Klaman, L.D., Shen, J., Fleming, T., Wang, Y., Pratt, J.C., Lin, G., Lim, B., Kinet, J.P., Neel, B.G. Nature (2001) [Pubmed]
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  25. Calcium mobilization via sphingosine kinase in signalling by the Fc epsilon RI antigen receptor. Choi, O.H., Kim, J.H., Kinet, J.P. Nature (1996) [Pubmed]
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  28. Cloning of complementary DNA encoding T-cell replacing factor and identity with B-cell growth factor II. Kinashi, T., Harada, N., Severinson, E., Tanabe, T., Sideras, P., Konishi, M., Azuma, C., Tominaga, A., Bergstedt-Lindqvist, S., Takahashi, M. Nature (1986) [Pubmed]
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  32. Abnormal mast cells in mice deficient in a heparin-synthesizing enzyme. Forsberg, E., Pejler, G., Ringvall, M., Lunderius, C., Tomasini-Johansson, B., Kusche-Gullberg, M., Eriksson, I., Ledin, J., Hellman, L., Kjellén, L. Nature (1999) [Pubmed]
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  34. B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4 mRNA is expressed by normal and transformed mast cells. Brown, M.A., Pierce, J.H., Watson, C.J., Falco, J., Ihle, J.N., Paul, W.E. Cell (1987) [Pubmed]
  35. Rac2 stimulates Akt activation affecting BAD/Bcl-XL expression while mediating survival and actin function in primary mast cells. Yang, F.C., Kapur, R., King, A.J., Tao, W., Kim, C., Borneo, J., Breese, R., Marshall, M., Dinauer, M.C., Williams, D.A. Immunity (2000) [Pubmed]
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