Disease relevance of Western World

• These results suggest that the dietary patterns of the western world (e.g., high fat intake and low intake of carbohydrates and fiber) affect certain prognostic factors in breast cancer, such as tumor size and ER content of the tumor [1].
• Autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis are common in the western world and are often devastating diseases which pose serious health problems [2].
• Esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing in frequency in the western world at an alarming rate and is unique because there is a clear metaplasia (Barrett's mucosa)/ dysplasia/carcinoma sequence. p53 malfunction arises as an early event in this carcinogenic process and has been demonstrated in patients with nondysplastic Barrett's metaplasia [3].
• BACKGROUND: Although a doubling in the prevalence of atopic disease, including atopic dermatitis, in the Western world over the last few generations has been paralleled by a marked reduction in infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis, it is unclear whether this increase in atopy is causally related to reduced exposure to mycobacteria [4].
• PURPOSE: Multiple studies have indicated that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors may prevent colon cancer, which is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the western world [5].

Psychiatry related information on Western World

• In fact, heavy gestational ethanol consumption is one of the leading known causes of mental retardation in the Western world [6].
• However, psychopathology specific to epilepsy, the interictal behavioural syndrome of Geschwind, for example, has not been well studied outside the Western world [7].

High impact information on Western World

• Benzodiazepine anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs are some of the most widely prescribed drugs in the Western world [8].
• IDDM is a common disorder in the Western world and it is rising in incidence [9].
• Multiple sclerosis is affecting approximately 1 out of every 1000 individuals in the western world [10].
• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with poor prognosis and few effective treatments, as well as ever-increasing frequencies in the Western world [11].
• In the Western world, smoking is still in itself the most important indicator of risk of COPD, and alternative markers of susceptibility in the population must be investigated [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Western World

• Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in the Western world and changes in the ratio of testosterone and estrogens with advancing age is one of the potential risk factors in the development of this disease [13].
• Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), a major health care problem in the Western world, is a disease typified by a relative deficiency of insulin, leading to vast derangements in glucose and lipid homeostasis with disastrous vascular complications [14].
• Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains a major therapeutic challenge in the Western world, and strategies aimed at cholesterol lowering form the mainstay of treatment [15].
• BACKGROUND: Alcohol and hepatotropic viruses cause the majority of liver cirrhosis cases in the Western World. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic medication [16].
• The decline in prevalence of dental caries in the western world is largely ascribed to the protective role of fluoride in water [17].

Biological context of Western World

• PURPOSE: Prostate cancer has become an important public health problem in the Western world [18].
• Premature cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the Western world, is frequently associated with disorders of lipid metabolism and, in particular, with low levels of circulating high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol [19].

Anatomical context of Western World

• Although many studies have documented that reduction of plasma cholesterol levels decreases the risk of coronary artery disease, it remains the most common cause of death in the Western world [20].
• Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (SCC) accounts for 3% of cancers in the western world and 40% of cancers in India. The overall 5-year survival rate is only 50% [21].

Associations of Western World with chemical compounds

• Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is used increasingly often in processed foods and in home cooking in the Western world [22].
• 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy') and cannabis are two of the most commonly used illicit drugs in the western world, and are often used in combination [23].
• Also the testosterone concentrations in BPH glands of Nigerians (0.5 +/- 0.03 SEM ng./gm.) compared favourably with those reported from the western world [24].
• Dairy products are a potential matrix for folate fortification to enhance folate consumption in the Western world [25].
• In the western world folic acid deficiency is a relatively rare cause of anaemia in the elderly population [26].

Gene context of Western World

• Mutations in PTCH1 lead to constitutive expression of HH target genes and a relationship between mutated PTCH1 and the most common tumor form in the Western world, Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) has been clearly established [27].
• BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PRCA) is the most common cancer in males in the western world [28].
• BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Celiac disease is the most common severe food intolerance in the Western world and is due to gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible children and adults [29].
• This study shows that the prevalence of CD in the Turkish population is relatively high in comparison to that in the Western world [30].
• T11/emm89, T28/emm28, TB3264/emm13w, and TNT/emm58 were predominant among 80 skin isolates. emm-type distribution observed in the present study was that usually reported in the western world [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Western World

• The pattern of antibodies to B19 showed a higher seroprevalence in all groups (56-91%) compared to what has been reported from the western world [32].

References