Disease relevance of World War II

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in many countries as a result of an increase in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection since World War II [1].
• Historical records were used to reconstruct an outbreak of chlorance and acute liver toxicity due to chlorinated naphthalene exposure at a New York State plant which manufactured "Navy cables" during World War II [2].
• The method for all studies being similiar, it seems that the dietetic factors are now less important in cholesterol stones pathogenesis than during the period which followed the second world war starvation in southeast France. The assumption that undernutrition diminishes the chance for a women to develop gallstones is proposed [3].
• Up to the end of World War II, there was no effective therapy against bone tuberculosis, and even today there is no treatment for ankylosing spondylitis [4].
• OBJECTIVE: This article critiques the ceteris paribus assumption, which tacitly sustains the epidemiologic literature's inference that the sharp decline in cirrhosis mortality observed in Paris during the Second World War derived from a sharp constriction in wine consumption [5].

Psychiatry related information on World War II

• Since the end of World War II voluntary special mental health services for migrants and refugees have been created in France and especially in Paris, but none has been based on epidemiological data [6].
• OBJECTIVE: To examine the hypothesis that midlife total serum concentrations of testosterone (T), estradiol, estrone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) predict cognitive task performance and regional brain volumes at 10- to 16-year follow-up, in a longitudinal sample of World War II veteran twin men [7].

High impact information on World War II

• Lung cancer after employment in shipyards during World War II [8].
• One candidate is seed of the neurotoxic plant Cycas circinalis L., a traditional source of food and medicine which has been used less with the Americanization of the Chamorro people after World War II [9].
• CONCLUSIONS: Combat in World War II predicted that in the 15 years after the war, a subject would experience physical decline or death [10].
• METHODS: Brain MRIs (1.5-T) were obtained from 74 monozygotic, white, male, World War II veteran twins born in the United States from 1917 to 1927 and age 68 to 79 at the time of the brain scan [11].
• In Denmark the use of saccharin increased sharply during the second World War as a result of scarcity of sugar, and import and export figures indicate that saccharin consumption was on average 4-5 times higher during the war-time period than in the pre-war decade [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of World War II

• In a consecutive series of 1,067 patients entered into the data base of the Melanoma Cooperative Group at New York University School of Medicine between 1972 and 1980, 120 men were of draft age (18-31 years) during World War II (1941-1945) [13].
• The study of health problems due to cadmium pollution in Japan originated from an endemic episode of Itai-itai disease in a rural area in north-central Japan after World War II [14].
• The clinical specialty of vascular surgery in Canada began before the Second World War with the introduction of heparin into clinical practice by Gordon Murray of Toronto. He showed that heparin could prevent thrombosis during the repair of blood vessels and was useful in the treatment of spontaneous arterial and venous occlusion [15].

Biological context of World War II

• Breast cancer risk can be altered by external factors within a few years, as shown by studies in both Norway and England during World War II, by changing rates in migrant populations, and by the effect on rates of recent adiposity [16].
• Methamphetamine has been a continuous cause for concern for many years in Japan. Japan experienced the pandemics of methamphetamine abuse twice after World War II and is now facing the third pandemic [17].
• A World War II uranium hexafluoride inhalation event with pulmonary implications for today [18].
• Two individuals were exposed to massive quantities of airborne uranium hexafluoride (UF6) and its hydrolysis products following a World War II equipment rupture [18].
• From atabrine in World War II to mefloquine in Somalia: the role of education in preventive medicine [19].

Anatomical context of World War II

• Pseudoaneurysm of the internal carotid artery after shrapnel injury in World War II: demonstration by CT angiography with 3D MIP reconstruction [20].

Associations of World War II with chemical compounds

• During the turmoil after the end of World War II some 50 years ago, in Japan intravenous methamphetamine was widespread and penetrated the young generation aged 15-25 years and remunerated blood donors [21].
• They went on to develop the acridine dye, atebrin (mepacrine) and the 4-aminoquinolines, Resochin (developed at the end of the Second World War in America as chloroquine) and Sontochin [22].
• The material is divided into 5 chronological periods, which include World War II, the postcolonial or DDT era (1946-1961), and the past 2 decades [23].
• Many compounds containing the acridine chromophore were synthesized and tested, and the aminoacridines found wide use, both as antibacterial agents and as antimalarials, during World War II [24].
• To investigate the carcinogenic effect in humans, we conducted a cohort mortality study among 364 men who were assigned to any of three 1,3-butadiene production units located within several chemical plants in the Kanawha Valley of West Virginia, including 277 men employed in a U.S. Rubber Reserve Plant which operated during World War II [25].

Gene context of World War II

• The prevalence of hemochromatosis was studied in 343 randomly selected male World War II veterans aged 58 years and older [26].
• With this in mind, consider how the effects of World War II on the growth of physician anesthesia loosely parallel the growth of anesthesia in Great Britain during the 19th century [27].
• We believe the source of MS on the Faroes was their occupation by British troops for 5 years in World War II [28].
• Skeletal samples were derived from the Huntington Collection, Terry Collection, World War II casualties, and the Forensic Anthropology Data Bank. Regression of bone length on year of birth allowed evaluation of the secular change in bone length [29].
• After the Second World War, the WHO succeeded in introducing an internationally accepted diagnostic system, the ICD-classification [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of World War II

• Similarly, World War II physician-anesthetists showed they could provide complex anesthesia care, such as pentothal administration, regional anesthesia, and tracheal intubation, with aplomb and gained the support of surgical colleagues who facilitated their growth within a medical profession [27].

References