Disease relevance of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• To compare two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiographic estimates of right ventricular size and performance to similar determinations from equilibrium radionuclide angiography (RNA) before and after isosorbide dinitrate, we evaluated 19 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [1].
• METHODS: A rest/redistribution (20 min/4 h) (201)Tl gated SPECT protocol followed immediately by a (99m)Tc equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA) was performed in 75 patients with history of myocardial infarction [2].
• A double blind placebo-controlled study was performed in 12 patients with stable angina pectoris to evaluate the effects of oral verapamil (320 mg/day) on left ventricular function, as measured at rest and during exercise with gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography [3].
• Noninvasive multigated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography with krypton-81m (81mKr) was used to assess right heart relaxation in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases (CPD) [4].
• Of 50 patients evaluated by technetium-99m red blood cell gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (RNV) because of early postoperative cardiogenic shock of uncertain etiology, 17 had unique scintigraphic images suggestive of intrathoracic hemorrhage [5].

High impact information on Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• The hemodynamic effects of sotalol and quinidine: analysis by use of rest and exercise gated radionuclide angiography [6].
• These results in a prospectively identified and consecutive group of patients support the value of early thallium and blood pool scintigraphy for separating high- and low-risk subgroups of hemodynamically stable infarct patients [7].
• With the use of equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography the effects on left ventricular (LV) function of 160 mg oral propranolol daily and 360 mg verapamil daily alone and in combination were compared in 18 patients with chronic exertional angina [8].
• All underwent maximal treadmill exercise with respiratory gas analysis and upright cycle ergometry with gated radionuclide angiography after 4 weeks of digoxin or placebo therapy, administered in a randomized double-blind crossover protocol [9].
• In a subgroup of 10 patients who underwent equilibrium gated radionuclide blood pool scintigraphy before and after intravenous piroximone, end-diastolic volume index tended to increase (106 +/- 42 to 132 +/- 60 ml/m2; p = 0.07), whereas left ventricular filling pressure decreased significantly (26 +/- 8 to 19 +/- 9 mm Hg; p less than 0.01) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• In two patients with reproducible exercise-induced S-T segment elevation and angina pectoris thallium-201 scintigraphy showed areas of reversible anteroapical hypoperfusion, and gated radionuclide ventriculography revealed anteroapical hypokinesia with a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction at peak exercise [11].
• Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity: prevention of congestive heart failure with serial cardiac function monitoring with equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography in the current era [12].
• The short-term hemodynamic and possible arrhythmogenic effects of intravenous salbutamol at a dose of 30 or 60 micrograms/min were evaluated in 14 patients with severe chronic left ventricular dysfunction using equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography and electrocardiographic monitoring [13].
• Comparison of exercise and dipyridamole equilibrium blood pool scintigraphy (EBPS) in angina pectoris [14].
• A study was designed to evaluate the reproducibility of right and left ventricular ejection fraction measurements (RVEF, LVEF) by equilibrium radionuclide angiography in cystic fibrosis (CF) and to determine the effect of the acute administration of aminophylline on RVEF and LVEF in this disease [15].

Biological context of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• No significant differences were noted in left ventricular ejection fraction, as measured by gated blood pool scintigraphy, or thallium perfusion defect score in a comparison of day 1 (pretreatment) with day 4 thallium or day 7 to 14 gated blood pool scintigrams [16].
• If similar changes in pulmonary blood volume (PBV) occur, then technetium-99m equilibrium blood pool scintigraphy, by assessing relative distribution of PBV, may allow prediction of PCWP [17].
• Effect of amiodarone on ventricular function as measured by gated radionuclide angiography [18].
• Although many useful radiodiagnostic agents are available, the predominant nuclear medicine study used to evaluate hepatic masses in this decade is technetium-labeled red blood cell "blood-pool" scintigraphy [19].
• DESIGN: Prospective evaluation (clinical follow-up and equilibrium radionuclide angiography scan) of all the patients with severe LVD who underwent CABG from November 1986 to November 1991 at the Tel Aviv Medical Center and were referred to the Post Cardiac Surgery Follow-up Clinic at this institution [20].

Anatomical context of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• To determine the effects of verapamil on left ventricular (LV) systolic function and diastolic filling in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), we performed gated radionuclide angiography at rest and during exercise in 16 symptomatic patients before and during oral verapamil therapy (480 mg/day) [21].
• After standard equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography with technetium-99m labelled red blood cells, the VEST was positioned under gamma-camera control and data were recorded from 1-12 h in 61 unselected patients [22].
• BACKGROUND: We compared gated blood pool single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (GBPS), planar gated blood pool imaging (planar GBP), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) measurements of left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV) and ejection fraction (EF) in patients with abnormal left ventricles [23].
• Fourier phase analysis of SPECT equilibrium radionuclide angiography in symptomatic patients with mitral valve prolapse without significant mitral regurgitation: assessment of biventricular functional abnormalities suggesting a cardiomyopathy [24].

Associations of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging with chemical compounds

• Simultaneous right heart catheterization and equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography were performed at rest and during exercise before therapy (control), after a 5 minute intravenous infusion of 7.5 mg/kg of amiodarone and after 21.0 +/- 4.3 days of peroral therapy (10 days 800 mg/day, 7 days 400 mg/day and then 200 mg/day) [25].
• Cardiac performance at rest and at peak exercise was assessed by equilibrium radionuclide angiography at study entry and 5 yr after surgery alone or plus octreotide [26].
• A gated blood-pool equilibrium radionuclide angiography was performed in a patient to determine the ejection fraction for doxorubicin cardiotoxicity evaluation [27].
• Gated blood pool imaging following 99mTc stannous pyrophosphate imaging [28].
• We performed serial exercise equilibrium radionuclide angiography in eight normal subjects with each subject executing three tests: control, after nitroglycerin, and after propranolol [29].

Gene context of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• This prospective controlled cohort study evaluated the effects of 12-month GH replacement on lipid profile, fibrinogen levels, cardiac mass by echocardiography, and performance by equilibrium radionuclide angiography [30].
• Procedure guideline for equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. Society of Nuclear Medicine [31].
• Fifty-two patients who had undergone both G-SPET and gated equilibrium blood pool scintigraphy (GBP) within an interval of 2 weeks were enrolled [32].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: Rest and exercise gated equilibrium radionuclide angiography was performed in 86 patients within 6 months before and any time after coronary artery bypass [33].
• The usefulness of equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography in the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia and a report of cases of a familial occurrence [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Gated Blood-Pool Imaging

• Left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) measured by equilibrium radionuclide angiography after pretinning with Sn DTPA in 24 patients correlated well (r = 0.98) with those obtained by contrast angiographies over a broad spectrum of values (0.14-0.72) [35].
• A subset of 14 patients underwent serial exercise thallium scintigraphy or gated equilibrium radionuclide angiography after revascularization or medical therapy [36].
• To assess the effects of amiodarone on cardiac function, we studied 41 consecutive patients with first-pass or equilibrium radionuclide angiography prior to and 3 months after drug therapy was initiated [37].
• Left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) of 8 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs were calculated by gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) and by M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) prior to and during constant IV infusion of isoproterenol [38].
• We evaluated the effects of a single oral dose of 5 mg of isradipine compared to placebo in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study using gated radionuclide angiography at rest and during exercise in 20 patients with stable chronic angina [39].

References