Disease relevance of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• The last C-terminal residue of VP3, glutamic acid 257, controls capsid assembly of infectious bursal disease virus [1].
• Sequence comparison between IPNV and two birnavirus (infectious bursal disease virus and Drosophila X virus) VP4s revealed that serine 633 and lysine 674 are conserved in these viruses, in contrast to histidines 547 and 679 [2].
• To develop a herpes virus vaccine that can induce immunity for an extended period, a recombinant Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV) CVI-988 strain expressing infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) host-protective antigen VP2 at the US2 site (rMDV) was developed under the control of an SV40 early promoter [3].
• Chicken anemia virus and infectious bursal disease virus interfere with transcription of chicken IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA [4].
• The recombinant interferon suppressed IBDV plaque formation in a dose-dependent manner and ameliorated IBDV and Newcastle disease virus infection in both specific-pathogen-free (SPF) and commercial chickens [5].

High impact information on Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• We have found that expression of a mutant version of the VP3 structural polypeptide known as VP3/M3, partially lacking the domain responsible for the interaction with the virus-encoded RNA polymerase, efficiently interferes with the IBDV replication cycle [6].
• Incorporation of VP1 into VLPs requires neither the presence of IBDV RNAs nor that of the nonstructural polypeptide VP5 [7].
• Recently, the establishment of an infectious cRNA system for IBDV has been described (E. Mundt and V. N. Vakharia, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:11131-11136, 1996) [8].
• The proteolytic cascade involved in processing the polyprotein, and in the final maturation of pVP2 (the precursor of VP2), has recently been shown to generate VP2 and four structural peptides in infectious bursal disease virus and blotched snakehead virus [9].
• Coadministration of a plasmid encoding the VP2 gene of IBDV (pCI-VP2) and a plasmid encoding chicken IL-2 gene (pCI-chIL-2) enhances bursal protection against both the homologous IBDV strain ZJ2000 and the heterologous strain BC6/85 compared to administration of pCI-VP2 alone [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• Our results suggest that the replacement of serine by lysine in AXAAS motifs in serotype II IBDV influences polyprotein (PP) processing by VP4 and also indicate the presence of an alternative cleavage site [11].
• An anchor probe labeled with LightCycler Red 640 and mutation probe labeled with fluorescein were designed using the Del-E IBDV sequence [12].
• This paper describes the results of immuno-histochemical staining for chicken mannan-binding lectin (MBL) in formalin-fixed tissue sections from non-infected chickens, and from chickens infected with infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) or infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) [13].
• Chickens vaccinated with IP strain and supplemented with 2% L-arginine showed 100% protection after challenge with virulent IBDV compared to 80% protection induced by IP strain alone [14].
• Fluorescence spectroscopy monitoring of the conformational restraint of formaldehyde- and glutaraldehyde-treated infectious bursal disease virus proteins [15].

Biological context of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• Alignment of the polyprotein amino acid sequences showed the hypervariable region in VP2 to be 151-152 amino acid residues long in IBDV [16].
• Sequence homology of OH-IBDV with the most distant serotype 1 IBDV at the nucleotide level is 83.1%, and the amino acid sequence homology of the polyprotein is 89.6% [16].
• The virus-induced bursal T cells are activated, exhibit upregulation of cytokine genes, proliferate in response to in vitro stimulation with IBDV and have suppressive properties [17].
• Chickens fed mibolerone had lower body weights than unmedicated controls, and apparently had a lower antibody response to IBDV and to bovine serum albumin [18].
• Interference with the bursa of Fabricius by cyclophosphamide or by infectious bursal disease virus enhanced the pathogenicity of IBHV [19].

Anatomical context of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• VP5, the nonstructural polypeptide of infectious bursal disease virus, accumulates within the host plasma membrane and induces cell lysis [20].
• Mitogenic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to specific IBDV antigen stimulation was significantly higher in IP + L-arginine group (P < 0.05) [14].
• An effect of cyclophosphamide on the bursa of Fabricius also had an immunosuppressive action on IBV immunity which was similar to the results from IBDV exposure [21].
• Chickens were chemically bursectomized with cyclophosphamide at 3 days old, and studies made of the effects of infection by inclusion body hepatitis virus (IBHV) and infectious bursal disease virus [19].

Gene context of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• The sequences of segment A (encoding the VP2-VP4-VP3 polyprotein and VP5) and segment B (encoding VP1) of a recent, 'very virulent' (VV) European isolate (UK661) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a birnavirus, have been determined [22].
• The optimum quantity of MAP1 and MAP2 required to coat the wells of the ELISA plate was 5 ng/ml, whereas the amount of purified IBDV whole viral antigen was 500 ng/ml, indicating the high efficiency of MAPs [23].
• Since interferon (IFN) production has been demonstrated after IBDV infection, IFN was considered to be one of several factors [24].
• The immunoregulatory activity of a nonmammalian interleukin 2 (IL-2), chicken IL-2 (chIL-2), was investigated using a DNA vaccine against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) as a model [10].
• These results on the IBDV VP4 confirm and extend our previous characterization of the IPNV VP4, delineating the birnavirus protease as a new type of viral serine protease [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

• A rapid quantitative method for detecting infectious bursal disease virus using polystyrene latex microspheres [26].
• Detection of infectious bursal disease virus in digested formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections by polymerase chain reaction [27].
• T cell-intact chickens and birds compromised in their T cell function by a combination of surgical thymectomy and Cyclosporin A treatment (Tx-CsA) were infected with an intermediate vaccine strain of IBDV (Bursine 2, Fort Dodge) [28].
• In the first experiment, chickens were chemically bursectomized with intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide; in the second study, chickens were orally inoculated with IBDV; in the third study, birds were intramuscularly inoculated with CAV; and in the final study, birds were inoculated with both IBDV and CAV [29].
• Immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques detected and localized infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of the bursa of Fabricius of experimentally and naturally infected chickens [30].

References