Disease relevance of Newcastle Disease

• Binding was also diminished when neutrophils were treated with neuraminidase from Vibrio cholerae, which cleaves alpha 2-3-, alpha 2-6-, and alpha 2-8-linked sialic acids, or from Newcastle disease virus, which cleaves only alpha 2-3- and alpha 2-8-linked sialic acids [1].
• The results showed that SARS-CoV grown in Vero cells is moderately sensitive to IFN-beta and only weakly sensitive to IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma, in comparison to other IFN-sensitive viruses, such as those for encephalomyocarditis, vesicular stomatitis and Newcastle disease [2].
• Macrophages lost their ability to produce IFN-alpha in response to HSV-1, but not to Sendai virus or to Newcastle disease virus [3].
• RPE.40 is a strain of mutated CHO-K1 cells with elevated resistance to Pseudomonas exotoxin A, Sindbis virus, and Newcastle disease virus [4].
• Three sialidases were compared, including Vibrio cholerae (VC) and Clostridium perfringens (CP), which will cleave alpha 2-3, alpha 2-6, and alpha 2-8, sialic acid linkages, and Newcastle Disease virus (NDV), which will remove only alpha 2-3 and alpha 2-8 linked sialic acid [5].

High impact information on Newcastle Disease

• IRF-1-deficient fibroblasts lacked the normally observed type I IFN induction by poly(I):poly(C), while they induced type I IFN to similar levels as the wild type following Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection [6].
• Infection of hypophysectomized mice with Newcastle disease virus caused a time-dependent increase in corticosterone and interferon production [7].
• Butylated hydroxytoluene protects chickens exposed to Newcastle disease virus [8].
• Here we present the crystal structures of Newcastle disease virus HN alone and in complex with either an inhibitor or with the beta-anomer of sialic acid [9].
• We have also investigated whether a neurotropic paramyxovirus, Newcastle disease virus, triggers cytokine production by astrocytes [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Newcastle Disease

• The fusion glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus is synthesized as an inactive precursor, F0 [11].
• Finally, we have found that cells treated with cycloheximide or infected with Newcastle disease virus induce large amounts of a secreted 11-kDa protein [12].
• Purified Newcastle disease virus contains an enzyme that incorporates the methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine into RNA synthesized in vitro by the virion-associated RNA polymerase (RNA nucleotidyltransferase) [13].
• Glycolipid compositions of mouse mammary tumor cell FM3A and its Newcastle disease virus-resistant mutant cell, Had-1, which was also characterized as a defective mutant of UDP-galactose transport to Golgi apparatus, have been studied [14].
• We have studied the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-mediated induction of cytokine genes expression [15].

Biological context of Newcastle Disease

• Surprisingly, IRF-1 gene expression is dramatically induced by Newcastle disease virus in mouse L929 cells and by Concanavalin A in spleen cells [16].
• Interestingly, C3 mRNA induced by Newcastle disease virus or inactivated Newcastle disease virus was inhibited by protein kinase inhibitors, H-7 and staurosporine, whereas these inhibitors had no effect on C3 induction mediated by LPS or cytokines, indicating the existence of different signal transduction pathways [17].
• Nucleotide sequence of the phosphoprotein (P) gene of Newcastle disease virus (strain Beaudette C) [18].
• Human choriocarcinoma cells (Jar) stably transfected with 1.8 kilobases of promoter from a bovine IFN tau gene ahead of a human GH (hGH) reporter gene constitutively synthesize hGH, but expression is not increased further by exposure to Newcastle disease virus [19].
• The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an important determinant of its virulence [20].

Anatomical context of Newcastle Disease

• The properties of the membrane insertion of the HN protein of Newcastle disease virus, a prototype paramyxovirus, were explored in wheat germ extracts containing microsomal membranes [21].
• The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a type II glycoprotein oriented in the plasma membrane with its amino terminus in the cytoplasm and its carboxy terminus external to the cell [22].
• After stimulation of mast cells with poly(I:C) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), TLR3 is phosphorylated and the expression of key antiviral response cytokines (interferon beta, ISG15) and chemokines (IP10, RANTES) is upregulated [23].
• Macrophages harvested from the peritoneal cavities of these mice at 4 or 9 wk postinoculation with LP-BM5 MuLV were analyzed by Northern hybridization for the presence of the defective LP-BM5 virus and their ability to synthesize various cytokines upon induction with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) or (LPS) [24].
• We showed that crg-2 mRNA was induced in astrocytes and microglia by IFN-gamma as well as a paramyxovirus, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) [25].

Gene context of Newcastle Disease

• Except for a significant reduction in IFN-alpha release stimulated by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), IFN productions induced by other mitogens (phytohemagglutinin, PHA; Concanavalin A, ConA; pokeweed mitogen, PWM) and viral antigens were within normal range [26].
• SMC treated with poly(I):poly(C) or Newcastle Disease virus elaborated biologically active IFN-beta as well [27].
• IL-2-induced secretion of mediators was compared with that following stimulation with lipopolisaccharide (LPS; 5 micrograms/ml) or Newcastle disease virus (NDV; 640 HU/ml) [28].
• To test this hypothesis, L929 cells were infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), which led to the induction of IL-15 mRNA and protein expression [29].
• The independent expression of C or V inhibited the double-stranded (ds) RNA- or Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-induced activation of IRF-3 and NF-kappa B, as well as the IFN-beta promoter [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Newcastle Disease

• 125I-Labeled Newcastle disease virus bound only poorly to gangliosides extracted from either FM3A or Had-1 cells on a high performance thin-layer chromatography plate [14].
• To define these linkages, disulfide-linked peptides were produced by peptic digestion of purified HN ectodomains of the Queensland strain of Newcastle disease virus, isolated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, and analyzed by mass spectrometry [31].
• Electron microscopical examination of negatively stained extracellular fluids (ECF) from Spodoptera frugiperda cell cultures infected with a recombinant baculovirus expressing the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) revealed NDV-like envelopes which resembled the envelopes of authentic NDV [32].
• High titres of rat interferon (IFN) can be produced by rat embryo fibroblast (CD) cells after treatment with Newcastle disease virus [33].
• Sequence analysis and comparison of the fusion glycoprotein genes of 11 Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates indicated a high degree of functional and structural constraint exerted on the change of the glycoprotein [34].

References