Disease relevance of Crysophanic acid

• Mutagenicity of islandicin and chrysophanol in the Salmonella/microsome system [1].
• There were no significant increases in chromosomal aberrations when chrysophanol was tested up to its limit of solubility with or without metabolic activation [2].
• We compared three different anthraquinones, rhein (4,5-dihydroxy-anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid), danthron (1,8-dihydroxy-anthraquinone) and chrysophanol (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone), with respect to their toxicity and ability to induce apoptosis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes [3].
• Chrysophanic acid (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone), isolated from the Australian Aboriginal medicinal plant Dianella longifolia, has been found to inhibit the replication of poliovirus types 2 and 3 (Picornaviridae) in vitro [4].
• Chrysophanic acid did not have significant antiviral activity against five other viruses tested: Coxsackievirus types A21 and B4, human rhinovirus type 2 (Picornaviridae), and the enveloped viruses Ross River virus (Togaviridae) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (Herpesviridae) [4].

High impact information on Crysophanic acid

• The results of these in vitro studies suggest that hydroxyanthraquinones, possessing 2 hydroxy groups in the 1,8-positions, e.g., danthron, rhein, and chrysophanol, may have tumor-promoting activities [5].
• In addition, danthron, rhein, and chrysophanol (preliminary data), but not alizarin, enhanced transformation of C3H/M2 mouse fibroblasts initiated by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or 3-methylcholanthrene [5].
• Novel type of potential anticancer agents derived from chrysophanol and emodin. Some structure-activity relationship studies [6].
• A simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of five anthraquinone derivatives including aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol, physcoin and rhein in Rheum species and Polygonum cuspidatum was established by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using beta-cyclodextrin (CD) as modifier and urea to enhance its solubility [7].
• The determination of icariin (IC), rhein (RH), chrysophanol (CH), physcion (PHY), glycyrrhetic acid (GE), and glycyrrhizic acid (GI), in traditional Chinese preparations, Anshen Bunao oral liquid and Maren pill, has been investigated by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Crysophanic acid

• We have detected the bioactive anthraquinone chrysophanol, which serves as a chemical defense in diverse eukaryotic organisms, in a bacterial Nocardia strain, thereby permitting the first comparative biosynthetic study [9].

Associations of Crysophanic acid with other chemical compounds

• The anthraquinone chrysophanol (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone) is transformed, in a cytochrome P450-dependent oxidation, to aloe-emodin (1, 8-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylanthraquinone) as the major product formed [10].
• Aloe-emodin induced significantly higher micronucleus frequencies than did chrysophanol [10].
• Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analyses of eggs revealed a significant decrease in total amounts of dithranol and chrysophanol from egg deposition in autumn to the next spring 5 months later [11].
• Two new furanoflavonoids (1, 2), one new chalcone dimer (3) along with six known compounds, chrysophanol, 5-O-methyl squarrosin, 5-methoxy furano[4'',5'',6,7]flavone, calodenone, lophirone A and lophirone H were isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of methanol extract of root bark of Ochna squarrosa [12].
• (Liliaceae) has resulted in the isolation and identification of a sterol mixture, a fatty acid mixture, chrysophanic acid, a new compound named euparone and an incompletely characterized phenolic substance [13].

Gene context of Crysophanic acid

• Biotransformation of the anthraquinones emodin and chrysophanol by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Bioactivation to genotoxic metabolites [10].

References