Disease relevance of Polygonum

• Resveratrol isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum root prevents tumor growth and metastasis to lung and tumor-induced neovascularization in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice [1].
• Ethanol extract of Polygonum cuspidatum inhibits hepatitis B virus in a stable HBV-producing cell line [2].
• In the hope of identifying agents of therapeutic value in glomerulonephritis from Chinese herbs, we found that methanolic extracts of Polygonum hypoleucum Ohwi (P. hypoleucum Ohwi) inhibit human mesangial cells proliferation activated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) previously [3].

High impact information on Polygonum

• We have reported recently that resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), a polyphenolic phytoalexin found in grapes, fruits, and root extracts of the weed Polygonum cuspidatum, is a potent inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation [4].
• Emodin (3-methyl-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone) is an active component from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum that has been reported to exhibit antiinflammatory properties but the mechanism is not known [5].
• Three flavonoids, quercetin 3- O-glucoside-2''-gallate (QGG), quercetin 3- O-rhamnoside-2''-gallate (QRG) and kaempferol 3- O-glucoside-2''-gallate (KGG) were isolated from Japanese Polygonum species [6].
• Seasonal change in the balance between capacities of RuBP carboxylation and RuBP regeneration affects CO2 response of photosynthesis in Polygonum cuspidatum [7].
• In vivo antioxidant action of a lignan-enriched extract of Schisandra fruit and an anthraquinone-containing extract of Polygonum root in comparison with schisandrin B and emodin [8].

Biological context of Polygonum

• beta-Glucosidase of indigo plant (Polygonum tinctorium) has a high substrate specificity for indican (indoxyl beta-D-glucoside) [9].
• Effects of stilbene components of the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. on lipid metabolism [10].
• The methanolic extract from the roots of Polygonum (P.) cuspidatum was found to enhance cell proliferation at 30 or 100 microg/mL in MCF-7, an estrogen-sensitive cell line [11].
• The results suggest that the more potent cardioprotective action of BEA may be related to its ability to sustain the myocardial glutathione antioxidant status under conditions of IR-induced oxidative stress, which may possibly in turn result from the synergistic interaction between the BE and Polygonum extract [12].

Anatomical context of Polygonum

• Bioassay-directed fractionation of a Chinese medicinal plant, Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae), has led to the discovery of an anthraquinone, emodin [1], as a strong inhibitor of a protein tyrosine kinase (p56lck) partially purified from bovine thymus [13].
• The MeOH extract of the dried root tubers of Polygonum multiflorum yielded three bioactive compounds with an inhibitory activity on calmodulin-depleted erythrocyte calcium-dependent ATPase [14].
• RESULTS: We have shown that 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy flavanone (pinostrobin) isolated from Polygonum lapathifolium ssp. nodosum quickly penetrates through cytoplasm to the cellular nucleus of the cultured cells, and gives intensive apoptotic response in stimulating leukemic cells in vitro [15].
• The influence of an ethyl acetate extract from Polygonum amphibium L. and quercetin-3-methyl ether isolated from them were examined on the human immune system [16].
• Reduction of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits and decrease of expressions of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in foam cells by a water-soluble fraction of Polygonum multiflorum [17].

Associations of Polygonum with chemical compounds

• Effects of stilbene components of roots of Polygonum ssp. on liver injury in peroxidized oil-fed rats [18].
• An ethyl acetate extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb [19].
• Myocardial protective effect of an anthraquinone-containing extract of Polygonum multiflorum ex vivo [19].
• High-speed counter-current chromatography separation and purification of resveratrol and piceid from Polygonum cuspidatum [20].
• Large-scale separation of resveratrol, anthraglycoside A and anthraglycoside B from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc by high-speed counter-current chromatography [21].

Gene context of Polygonum

• Protective effect of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb on amyloid beta-peptide 25-35 induced cognitive deficits in mice [22].
• We found that tryptanthrin, one of the major compounds extracted from the medicinal plant Polygonum tinctorium, which is known for its antitumor activity, strongly inhibited HGF production stimulated by various HGF inducers in human dermal fibroblasts [23].
• Antioxidant flavonoids from leaves of Polygonum hydropiper L [24].
• Effect of Polygonum hydropiper sulfated flavonoids on lens aldose reductase and related enzymes [25].
• To test this hypothesis, Polygonum cuspidatum was grown at ambient (370 micro mol mol-1) and elevated (700 micro mol mol-1) [CO2] with three levels of N supply [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Polygonum

• 2-Methoxystypandrone, a naphthoquinone, was isolated from a Chinese herb Polygonum cuspidatum by bioassay guided fractionation using HRV 3C-protease assay [27].
• Determination of avicularin in Polygonum aviculare L. by square wave polarography [28].

References