Disease relevance of Proviron

• Forty subfertile men with oligospermia were treated with a synthetic androgen (Mesterolone) [1].
• Placebo-controlled trial of high-dose Mesterolone treatment of idiopathic male infertility [2].
• Mesterolone: thrombosis during treatment, and a study of its prothrombotic effects [3].
• 1. We describe a patient who developed deep vein thrombosis after commencing treatment with the synthetic androgen, mesterolone (Pro-Viron) [3].
• Hormone levels were measured in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome after treatment with 100 mg mesterolone cipionate (twice monthly) [4].

Psychiatry related information on Proviron

• Mesterolone has probably modulated the autonomic innervation of the vesical musculature with correction of the defective neural mechanism which is believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis [5].

High impact information on Proviron

• 1 alpha-Methyl-5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (1 alpha-methyl-DHT; mesterolone) bound most avidly to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) [relative binding affinity (RBA) about 4 times that of DHT] [6].
• Hormonal therapy is performed with antioestrogens (clomiphene, tamoxifen), gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prolactin inhibitors (bromocriptine), gonadotrophins (hMG, hCG), androgens (testosterone, mesterolone), and testosterone aromatase inhibitors (testolactone) [7].
• These data suggest that mesterolone itself was not hydroxylated at C18, but rather 1 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-androstan-3,17-dione, an intermediate metabolite which results from oxidation of mesterolone 17-hydroxyl group [8].
• The overall pregnancy rate was similar in the Mesterolone-treated cases (26%) and in the placebo control cases (48%), although a significant increase in motility and in the proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology was recorded in the Mesterolone-treated cases [2].
• The possible effect of Mesterolone (Schering N.V., Brussels, Belgium) (1 alpha-methyl-5-alpha-androstane-17 beta-ol-3-one) on semen quality and fertility of men with idiopathic oligoasthenospermia and/or teratozoospermia has been evaluated in a double-blind trial [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Proviron

• Comparison of the effectiveness of placebo, clomiphene citrate, mesterolone, pentoxifylline, and testosterone rebound therapy for the treatment of idiopathic oligospermia [9].
• 42 subfertile patients with normal levels of plasma testerone (26 subnormal, suffering from oligospermia) have been treated with a combination of clomiphene citrate (50 mg Clomid daily) and mesterolon (50 mg Proviron daily) over a period of at least 3-6 months [10].
• Randomised trial of mesterolone versus vitamin C for male infertility. Scottish Infertility Group [11].
• On the other hand, in doses of 20--80 mg/kg ip mesterolone did not affect the reserpine induced hypothermia and ptosis, did not antagonize the apomorphine induced hypothermia in mice, did not change the motor stimulation produced by amphetamine and did not affect the spiperone induced catalepsy in rats [12].

Biological context of Proviron

• 4. We conclude that in a conventional dose taken for 3 weeks mesterolone does not produce a consistent measurable prothrombotic state, nor does it enhance fibrinolysis [3].
• A double-blind, randomized, group comparative study was performed in hypogonadal male patients in order to compare the effects on sexual activity and mental state of testosterone undecanoate (TU) and mesterolone (M) [13].
• Fourteen pregnancies occurred, 7 under mesterolone and 7 under placebo [14].
• Sperm motility and morphological characteristics were not modified by mesterolone therapy [15].
• Mesterolone seems to have too selective or too low androgenic effect with the doses used in order to have an influence on the lipid metabolism of men [16].

Anatomical context of Proviron

• Subsequently, concurrent daily administration of 75 mg of mesterolone increased the count, motility, and cervical mucus-penetrating ability of spermatozoa and stimulated the seminal biochemical constituents [17].
• The synthetic, non-aromatizable androgens, methylestrenolone and mesterolone, at concentrations of 5 and 25 microM, mimicked the effect of testosterone and stimulated granulosa cell inhibin production, methylestrenolone being the more potent [18].
• Mesterolone administration produced no changes in steroids, thyroid hormones, gonadotropins nor PRL [19].
• The effects of mesterolone on the male accessory sex organs, on spermiogram, plasma testosterone and FSH [20].

Associations of Proviron with other chemical compounds

• We have assessed the gonadotropin, TSH and PRL responses to the non aromatizable androgens, mesterolone and fluoxymestrone, in 27 patients with primary testicular failure [19].
• In a subsequent double blind study 30 male Ss were treated with an gestagenic compound (D-Norgestrel, 2.5 mg/die), an estrogenic compound (estradiolvalerate, 5 mg/die), an androgenic substance (Mesterolone, 100 mg/die) or with placebo [21].
• Treatment with proviron did not improve carbohydrate metabolism but the amounts of present glucose and fructose inside the spermatozoa had strongly decreased [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Proviron

• Seventy-five moderately oligospermic patients showed significant improvement in the sperm density, total sperm count and motility following mesterolone therapy whereas only 12% showed improvement in the severe oligospermic group [23].
• Based on computer EEG (CEEG) profiles, in high doses, antidepressant properties of mesterolone, a synthetic androgen, were predicted [24].
• Varicocele ligation and the use of agents such as clomiphene citrate, mesterolone empirical antibiotic therapy, and anabolic steroids have not been show to be beneficial when subject to controlled trials [25].

References