Disease relevance of Bendrofluazide

• In an attempt to resolve conflicting reports about the identity of a low-renin subgroup in essential hypertension, the distribution of plasma-renin activity (P.R.A.) has been examined in 82 hypertensive subjects before and after stimulation with bendrofluazide [1].
• Amelioration of bendrofluazide-induced hypokalemia by timolol [2].
• OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the short-term effect of transbuccal nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, 0.0625 to 1.5 mg) on orthostatic cardiovascular responses would predict the effect of a diuretic (5 mg bendroflumethiazide daily for 1 week), particularly in elderly subjects who may be at higher risk for orthostatic hypotension [3].
• Role of sodium depletion in acute antidiuretic effect of bendroflumethiazide in rats with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus [4].
• Influence of renal nerves and sodium balance on the acute antidiuretic effect of bendroflumethiazide in rats with diabetes insipidus [5].

Psychiatry related information on Bendrofluazide

• OBJECTIVE: To compare 2.5 mg bendrofluazide daily (the standard antihypertensive dose), 1.25 mg bendrofluazide daily and 2.5 mg bendrofluazide on alternate days, in terms of reduction of blood pressure, patient compliance and adverse effect profile [6].
• There were no significant differences in any psychometric test between captopril and bendrofluazide [7].

High impact information on Bendrofluazide

• When bendrofluazide 5 or 10 mg was added to beta blockade there was an average fall in mean blood-pressure, standing, of 13% [8].
• Evaluation of beta blockade bendrofluazide, and prazosin in severe hypertension [8].
• However, fludrocortisone-pretreated animals responded to bendroflumethiazide with a greater natriuresis than did controls [9].
• The influence of gender and gonadectomy on (1) the density of the renal thiazide-sensitive ion transporter, as quantitated by the ability of renal membranes to bind (3H)metolazone, and (2) the changes in the urinary excretion of electrolytes caused by maximal bendroflumethiazide (BFTZ) in Sprague-Dawley rats was determined [10].
• Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase, but not bendroflumethiazide, cause intracellular alkalinization, which is associated with KCa channel opening [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Bendrofluazide

• Metolazone and bendroflumethiazide in hypertension: physiologic and metabolic observations [12].
• METHODS: Twenty-four patients with hypertension were assigned, in a random crossover fashion, to a sequence of bendroflumethiazide, nifedipine LA and enalapril, each for 4 weeks, followed by a 1-week period of dose omission [13].
• Enalapril versus bendroflumethiazide in type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension [14].
• 1 To compare the efficacy of indapamide with that of bendrofluazide a randomised trial was carried out in twenty patients with essential hypertension [15].
• The additive natriuretic effect of a single dose of bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg., has been studied in patients with advanced congestive heart failure in long-term treatment with bumetanide, 4 mg., daily [16].

Biological context of Bendrofluazide

• Pharmacokinetics of bendroflumethiazide [17].
• A double-blind crossover comparison was made in 18 nonedematous hypertensive subjects with glomerular filtration rates exceeding 70 ml/min/1.73 m2 of the effects of 5 mg metolazone and 5 mg bendroflumethiazide on blood pressure and metabolic parameters [12].
• Comparison of the hypotensive and metabolic effects of bendrofluazide therapy and a high fibre, low fat, low sodium diet in diabetic subjects with mild hypertension [18].
• In this study the effects of bendrofluazide on blood pressure levels and variability, dynamic cerebral autoregulation and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity were assessed in the sub-acute stroke period [19].
• In a double-blind randomised parallel group study, we evaluated the effects of adjunctive long term therapy with either pinacidil or nifedipine on blood pressure and left ventricular function and anatomy (echocardiography) in 22 patients with a diastolic blood pressure above 95mm Hg who were already receiving bendrofluazide 5mg daily [20].

Anatomical context of Bendrofluazide

• Dynamic cerebral autoregulation, beat-to-beat blood pressure variability and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity did not change with bendrofluazide or placebo in either the stroke patients or controls [19].
• The blood pressure response to antihypertensive treatment with lisinopril or bendrofluazide is related to the calcium and magnesium contents in skeletal muscle [21].
• RESULTS: Incubation in vitro of human recombinant and erythrocyte (RBC) thiopurine methyl transferase (TPMT) with furosemide, bendroflumethiazide and trichlormethiazide demonstrated inhibition of both enzyme preparations, with IC50 values of 170 microM, 360 microM and 1 mM, respectively [22].
• Effect of bendroflumethiazide on Na+ and Ca++ transport in rat and guinea pig jejunum [23].

Associations of Bendrofluazide with other chemical compounds

• The net differences in systolic and diastolic pressure between treated and control subjects were greater in older than in younger people; this net difference was more pronounced in the older people assigned at random to receive bendrofluazide as opposed to propranolol; this effect increased with time during the trial [24].
• Metolazone induced a more sustained and greater blood pressure response than bendroflumethiazide [12].
• The addition of bendrofluazide to the combination of atenolol and nifedipine did not cause any statistically significant fall in the blood pressure 2 h after the last dose of nifedipine compared to treatment with placebo [bendrofluazide: 135.2 +/- 5.1/89.8 +/- 2.5 (mean +/- s.e.), versus placebo: 132.1 +/- 4.6/89.9 +/- 3.1 mmHg; P = NS] [25].
• DESIGN: Double-blind randomized crossover study of two 12-week treatment periods with captopril (up to 100 mg/day) either alone or in combination with 5 mg bendrofluazide given after a 6-week placebo run-in period [26].
• Blood pressure (BP) decreased significantly (p less than 0.001) with either drug therapy: from 172/103 to 147/87 mm Hg (n = 18) with enalapril and from 179/104 to 165/95 mm Hg (n = 22) with bendrofluazide; thus, enalapril produced a greater reduction (p less than 0.05) than bendrofluazide [27].

Gene context of Bendrofluazide

• Effect of bendrofluazide on calcium reabsorption in hypoparathyroidism [28].
• The MRC trial compared bendrofluazide with propranolol and showed a reduction in the incidence of stroke; however, to prevent 1 stroke, 850 patients would have to be treated for 1 year [29].
• 3. When acutely challenged with bendrofluazide the patients showed a greater increase in plasma renin activity on the second occasion than on the first [30].
• RESULTS: Urinary calcium decreased dose-dependently in response to the bendroflumethiazide [31].
• RESULTS: Bendroflumethiazide increased the tubular reabsorption of calcium (TRCa) (+0.46 +/- 0.11%, P=0.009), plasma levels of parathyroid hormones (PTH) (+24 +/- 10%, P=0.06), and 1,25(OH)2D (+12 +/- 6%, P=0.03) [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Bendrofluazide

• PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten normal subjects (mean age [+/- SEM]: 29 +/- 2 years, four women, six men) received seven days of treatment with either bendrofluazide 5 mg or identical placebo in a single-blind, randomized, cross-over design, with a 10-day washout period [33].
• Fifty diabetic patients with mild hypertension were treated by a high fibre, low fat and low sodium diet or bendrofluazide for a three-month period [18].
• The metabolic effects of lisinopril and bendrofluazide therapy were studied in 61 patients with essential hypertension in a randomized, double-blind study with parallel groups [34].
• A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous assay of nadolol and bendroflumethiazide in tablet formulations [35].
• The initial insulin response at intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) increased by 21% (P < .05) during lisinopril treatment but decreased by 13% (P < .05) during treatment with bendrofluazide, and in addition, the glucose disappearance rate decreased by 9% (P < .05) in the latter group [34].

References