Disease relevance of Dehydrobenzperidol

• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome secondary to droperidol [1].
• Intravenous droperidol: a review of its use in the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting [2].
• However, there has been recent concern over cardiotoxicity and sudden death associated with some antipsychotic medication and droperidol has now been withdrawn [3].
• A 60-year-old man with psychotic depression became comatose following the administration of intravenous droperidol given for post-ECT delirious agitation [4].
• Droperidol was added if emesis persisted [5].

Psychiatry related information on Dehydrobenzperidol

• Akathisia after long-term epidural use of droperidol: a case report [6].
• Droperidol led to a significant increase in reaction time (RT), a significant decrease in hit rate, and an attenuation of PN over the 200- to 400-ms and 400- to 700-ms epochs [7].
• Diazepam and droperidol are used clinically with ketamine anesthesia to reduce emergence hallucinations, vivid unpleasant dreams, and hyperexcitability [8].
• Droperidol favorably influences markers of patient cooperation during elective, diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy [9].
• The most common indication for droperidol usage was active alcohol abuse or withdrawal (45%) [10].

High impact information on Dehydrobenzperidol

• Dystonia with droperidol therapy [11].
• Age over 65 years (odds ratio 3.0 [95% CI 1.1-8.3]), use of tricyclic antidepressants (4.4 [1.6-12.1]), thioridazine (5.4 [2.0-13.7]), and droperidol (6.7 [1.8-24.8]) were robust predictors of QTc lengthening, as was antipsychotic dose (high dose 5.3 [1.2-24.4]; very high dose 8.2 [1.5-43.6]) [12].
• In well controlled clinical trials of patients undergoing surgery, the efficacy of single-dose intravenous (IV) droperidol in preventing PONV was similar to that of ondansetron and dexamethasone [2].
• Droperidol significantly reduced opioid-induced PONV in adults during PCA and had a morphine-sparing effect [2].
• Guidelines recommend that, in adults, droperidol monotherapy be considered for those at moderate risk of PONV, and droperidol in combination with a setron and/or dexamethasone be considered for patients at moderate or high risk of PONV [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dehydrobenzperidol

• Older, traditional antiemetics (such as droperidol) compare favourably with the serotonin receptor antagonists regarding efficacy for PONV prevention [13].
• Metoclopramide and droperidol had no significant effect on postoperative vomiting [14].
• Fentanyl, .01 and .02 mg/kg body weight, and droperidol, 0.5 mg/kg, did not affect left ventricular performance [15].
• RESULTS: Complete control of established PONV, defined as no emetic symptoms and no need for another rescue antiemetic medication, was achieved in 88 per cent of patients with granisetron, 60 per cent with droperidol and 55 per cent with metoclopramide (P < 0.05) [16].
• The addition of N2O to the propofol anesthetic regimen (group C) was associated with an increased incidence of emesis (P less than 0.05), whereas the addition of droperidol to the propofol-N2O regimen (group D) did not affect the incidence of emesis compared to the other three groups [17].

Biological context of Dehydrobenzperidol

• The absence of a raised hospital mortality in this recent series may be attributed to improved surgical techniques and materials, while the use of droperidol and pentolinium which may reduce pulmonary vascular resistance as well as systemic resistance during surgery could be contributory [18].
• Effects of droperidol on sympathetic activity and baroreflex control of heart rate in humans [19].
• The pharmacokinetics of droperidol in anesthetized patients [20].
• At droperidol concentrations insufficient for suppression of an action potential, the block of delayed-rectifier K+ channels led to an increase in action potential duration and, as a consequence, to lowering of the discharge frequency in the neuron [21].
• The activation of the alpha7 nAChR is also inhibited by droperidol, with an IC50 of 5.8 +/- 0.53 microm [22].

Anatomical context of Dehydrobenzperidol

• Differential block of fast and slow inactivating tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channels by droperidol in spinal dorsal horn neurons [23].
• 3 Droperidol reduced or abolished the normal increase in chemoreceptor activity produced by stagnant asphyxia [24].
• Mechanism of the effect of droperidol to induce catecholamine efflux from the adrenal medulla [25].
• Droperidol exerts dual effects on repolarization and induces early afterdepolarizations and triggered activity in rabbit Purkinje fibers [26].
• Carotid body resection in anaesthetized mice abolished the stimulation of hypoxic ventilation caused by droperidol [27].

Associations of Dehydrobenzperidol with other chemical compounds

• Lower sedation scores with ondansetron compared with droperidol may be an advantage, especially in ambulatory surgery [28].
• The education promoted preventive measures (antiemetic premedication, nasogastric tubes, droperidol, metoclopramide) [29].
• Fentanyl-induced tracheal constriction could be blocked by pretreatment with droperidol, 0.25 mg/kg [30].
• Psychotropic drugs (diazepam, droperidol and mescaline) altered both these factors to a varying degree and also displayed a differing ability to maintain the inertia of the social hierarchy [31].
• By ANOVA there was a significant increase in the ADE over the range of alpha blockade produced for either droperidol (P less than 0.001) or doxazosin (P less than 0.001) [32].

Gene context of Dehydrobenzperidol

• Coma following ECT and intravenous droperidol: case report [4].
• The antiemetic effect of droperidol following outpatient strabismus surgery in children [33].
• CONCLUSION: In children, P6 acupoint injections are as effective as droperidol in controlling early postoperative nausea and vomiting [34].
• CONCLUSIONS: The risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting is increased in women undergoing laparoscopic tubal sterilization during the first 8 days of their menstrual cycle, and droperidol up to 30 micrograms/kg is not as effective in these patients [35].
• After induction of anesthesia, but before surgery, there were more episodes of DBP hypotension in the clonidine group, but during dissection and vascular sutures the placebo group experienced more episodes of DBP hypotension, owing probably to the greater amount of droperidol injected [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dehydrobenzperidol

• The differential diagnosis, which included neuroleptic malignant syndrome and the possibility that droperidol may have uniquely detrimental effects in the context of post-ECT delirium, are discussed [4].
• For premedication and neuroleptic analgesia, a combination of dehydrobenzperidol and fentanyl was used [37].
• Effect of low-dose droperidol on the QT interval during and after general anesthesia: a placebo-controlled study [38].
• BACKGROUND: During spinal and epidural anesthesia with opioids, droperidol is added to prevent nausea and vomiting [21].
• RESULTS: Incidence of nausea in the PACU was significantly lower in the acupoint group as compared with the sham point group (32% vs. 56%, P = 0.029) and P6 sham group (32% vs. 64%, P = 0.002) but not as compared with the droperidol group (32% vs. 46%, P = ns) [34].

References