Disease relevance of Omniflox

• This microbiologic activity, combined with its pharmacokinetic profile, should make temafloxacin a useful antimicrobial agent for treating community-acquired respiratory tract infections [1].
• The investigational agent, temafloxacin, has good activity against gonococci, nongonococcal organisms, and, unlike other quinolones, against Bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobes [2].
• Treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis with temafloxacin [3].
• Temafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, attains high bronchial concentrations that are well above the 90% minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC90) for many of the common respiratory pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC90 = 0.5 micrograms/mL) [4].
• The few ciprofloxacin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains reported were also resistant to temafloxacin [5].

High impact information on Omniflox

• Against Chlamydia trachomatis the MIC90 and MBC90 of temafloxacin were both 0.25 microgram/mL; ciprofloxacin was less active (MBC90 twice the MIC90), and norfloxacin was least active [6].
• The influence of age on the pharmacokinetics of temafloxacin [7].
• Early clinical trials confirm the clinical efficacy and safety of temafloxacin in the treatment of many common respiratory tract infections [4].
• Treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections with temafloxacin [8].
• Comparison of organ-specific toxicity of temafloxacin in animals and humans [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Omniflox

• The MIC90 of temafloxacin for Pseudomonas aeruginosa is higher than that of ciprofloxacin, approximately 4 micrograms/mL versus 0.5 micrograms/mL [10].
• In vitro activity of temafloxacin against gram-positive cocci including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [5].
• Single-dose oral temafloxacin versus parenteral ceftriaxone in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis [11].
• The antimicrobial activities of three new quinolone compounds, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, and WIN 57273, against anaerobic bacteria were determined in three separate studies [12].
• Against acute infections, trovafloxacin was consistently more effective than temafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae and other gram-positive pathogens while maintaining activity comparable to that of ciprofloxacin against gram-negative organisms [13].

Biological context of Omniflox

• Temafloxacin absorption is little influenced by food intake [14].
• The bactericidal activity of temafloxacin against a number of pathogens has been compared with that of other fluoroquinolones by determination of minimal bactericidal concentration, time-kill kinetics, and postantibiotic effect [6].
• The effect of food on the bioavailability of temafloxacin. A review of 3 studies [15].
• The potential for drug interaction between temafloxacin, a new fluorinated quinolone antibiotic, and low-intensity warfarin was studied in 10 healthy male volunteers [16].
• Likewise, changes in activated partial prothrombin time, prothrombin time and thrombin time were similar after either heparin alone or concomitant temafloxacin administration, indicating the absence of interaction between temafloxacin and low dose standard heparin in healthy volunteers [17].

Anatomical context of Omniflox

• With the exception of the central nervous system (CNS), temafloxacin has excellent tissue and body fluid penetration and concentration [18].
• The penetration of temafloxacin into the bronchial mucosa, AM, and ELF along with its antimicrobial spectrum supports the use of temafloxacin against common respiratory pathogens, including S. pneumoniae [4].
• The penetration of temafloxacin into the body fluids investigated--tears, nasal secretion, saliva, sweat, prostatic and seminal fluid--in general exceeds that of ciprofloxacin (with the exception of seminal fluid) [14].
• We compared the efficacies of temafloxacin alone and in combination with dextranase, an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing 20 to 90% of the bacterial glycocalyx, in a rabbit model of endocarditis [19].
• Penetration into sinus secretions and cerebrospinal fluid is less marked; nevertheless, temafloxacin concentrations of approximately 2.4 and 1 mg/L, respectively, were achieved [20].

Associations of Omniflox with other chemical compounds

• Serial blood samples were collected before and during simultaneous temafloxacin administration and plasma assayed for theophylline using a high-performance liquid chromatography technique [21].
• The lack of central nervous system (CNS) stimulation and the absence of interaction with fenbufen suggest that temafloxacin may have less potential for adverse CNS effects than other quinolone compounds [22].
• In vitro activities of lomefloxacin and temafloxacin against pathogens causing diarrhea [23].
• Effect of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics of temafloxacin [24].
• Comparative, double-blind, prospective, multicenter trial of temafloxacin versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women [25].

Gene context of Omniflox

• Amikacin, the 4-quinolone compounds--ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin and PD 117558--and the penem SCH 34343 were active against most of the isolates [26].
• In contrast sparfloxacin and temafloxacin caused progressive decreases in zymosan and PMA-induced, luminol-dependent PMN CL which reached statistical significance at the higher concentrations [27].
• The in-vitro activity of clarithromycin, temafloxacin, and ethambutol were assessed by MIC, FIC and intra-macrophage killing determinations alone and in various combinations against ten pigmented and ten non-pigmented strains of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteria [28].
• Sera from the patient without temafloxacin-dependent red cell antibodies reacted with red cells in the presence of quinine [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Omniflox

• Plasma and urine temafloxacin concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography [7].
• The pharmacokinetics of temafloxacin were assessed in 12 healthy young and 12 healthy elderly volunteers after oral administration of a single 600 mg dose [7].
• Multiple clinical trials indicate that temafloxacin is also clinically effective, well tolerated, and safe for use in adult patients for the treatment of other lower respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and skin and skin-structure infections [18].
• In an open multicenter study [corrected], 112 male patients (mean age 47.1 years) with documented symptomatic chronic bacterial prostatitis were treated with oral temafloxacin 400 mg b.i.d. for 28 days [3].
• The safety and efficacy of temafloxacin were evaluated in a multicenter, double-blind study of patients with complicated urinary tract infections [30].

References