Disease relevance of Prostatitis

• In contrast, immunization with recombinant vaccinia expressing human PAP, but not rat PAP, generates a CTL response and tissue-specific prostatitis in the absence of detectable PAP-specific Abs [1].
• Ciprofloxacin therapy of E. coli prostatitis was a complete success in five of 12 patients, a probable success in two, and in one patient the outcome cannot be judged [2].
• The inducible NOS (iNOS or NOS-2) is not detected in normal prostate, while it is expressed in the prostate of all benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, even in the absence of prostatitis or systemic signs of an inflammatory condition [3].
• Results suggest that E. coli strains producing prostatitis generally possess urovirulence profiles similar to those of strains from women with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis and that hemolysin and CNF-1 are especially prevalent in prostatitis strains [4].
• P fimbrial expression was highest among pyelonephritis (73%) and prostatitis strains (53%) and lowest among E. coli from women with complicated UTI (23%) and cystitis (30%; P < .05, prostatitis strains vs. either of the latter 2 groups) [4].

Psychiatry related information on Prostatitis

• We audited the clinical cohort from our dedicated sexual dysfunction clinic to determine the success of prescribed treatment and co-existing prostatitis/male pelvic pain, erectile dysfunction, phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor use and anxiety [5].

High impact information on Prostatitis

• Letter: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy for prostatitis [6].
• Allopurinol for prostatitis: where is the evidence [7]?
• Symptomatic cure of prostatitis with metronidazole [8].
• Tissue samples of BPH and prostatitis exhibited higher mRNA and protein levels of S100A2 than low-grade cancer (Gleason score <or= 6), whereas a complete loss was observed in high-grade cancer specimens (Gleason score > 6) [9].
• The mRNA and protein level of S100A4 was significantly higher in high-grade cancer specimens compared with BPH, prostatitis, and low-grade cancer [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Prostatitis

• For the treatment of bacterial prostatitis, only trimethoprim and the fluoroquinolones possess both the appropriate bactericidal activity and the ability to diffuse into the prostate [10].
• Treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis with temafloxacin [11].
• In preliminary data from the prostatitis study comparing ofloxacin 300 mg given twice daily with carbenicillin 764 mg given every six hours, microbiologic cure rates were 100 percent with both medications [12].
• Noncomparative data suggest that enoxacin is also an effective agent for the treatment of prostatitis [13].
• In the pathologically identified regions of chronic prostatitis, MR spectroscopic imaging data in nine of 12 patients demonstrated elevated choline peak and reduced or no citrate, findings that mimic those of cancer [14].

Biological context of Prostatitis

• Pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin in the prostate: implications for the treatment of chronic abacterial prostatitis [15].
• A double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 20 patients with 'prostatitis syndromes' and confirmed urodynamic abnormalities using the alpha 1-receptor-blocking compound alfuzosin is reported [16].
• CONCLUSIONS: Men with chronic prostatitis or prostatodynia have seminal oxidative stress, irrespective of their leukocytospermia status [17].
• Polymerase chain reaction amplification of bacterial 16s rRNA genes in prostate biopsies from men without chronic prostatitis [18].
• Lomefloxacin, a once-daily difluoroquinolone, could play a central role in the therapy of prostatitis because it has sufficient liposolubility, low ionization (pKa), low protein binding, small molecular size, long serum elimination half-life and it can pass from interstital fluid across prostatic cells into the lumen [19].

Anatomical context of Prostatitis

• The concentrations of both norfloxacin and rosoxacin in PIF, PS, and urine were in the minimal inhibitory range for most gram-negative pathogens causing bacterial prostatitis and urinary tract infections [20].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 56 patients with nonbacterial prostatitis in regard to whether urine reflux into the prostatic ducts was responsible for increased concentrations of creatinine, urate and white blood cells in expressed prostatic secretion [21].
• Experimental prostatitis in nonhuman primates: I. Bacterial adherence in the urethra [22].
• The concentrations for these penicillanic acid derivatives in prostatic interstitial fluid were above the minimal inhibitory concentrations for most of the commonly encountered gram-negative bacteria encountered in prostatitis [23].
• To develop an animal model and characterize the immune parameters of nonbacterial prostatitis, we harvested the prostates from SJL, AJ, Balb/c, C57bl/6 and C57bl/6 lpr mice [24].

Gene context of Prostatitis

• Other conditions, such as prostatitis, prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, acute urinary retention, and renal failure can also elevate the PSA level [25].
• These results indicated that estrogen treatment strongly influences the expression of COX-2 that is associated with fertility, but no induction of COX-2 by estrogen may not exclude COX-2's role in prostatitis, and the anti-tumor mechanism of HMR largely remains elusive [26].
• IL-1ra versus IL-1 levels in prostatic fluid from prostatitis patients [27].
• Therefore, in our continuing investigation to clarify the significance of leukocytosis and its prolongation in prostatic fluid from prostatitis patients, we investigated whether low levels of IL-1ra versus IL-1 beta secreted in prostatic fluid were the cause of prolonged prostatitis, especially nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) [27].
• The papG allele III and foc gene were found more frequently and the papG allele II less frequently among prostatitis than from pyelonephritis isolates [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Prostatitis

• In an open multicenter study [corrected], 112 male patients (mean age 47.1 years) with documented symptomatic chronic bacterial prostatitis were treated with oral temafloxacin 400 mg b.i.d. for 28 days [11].
• This minimal change in serum PSA after digital rectal examination was independent of the diagnosis (BPH, cancer or chronic prostatitis), initial serum PSA concentration and examiner [29].
• We used the immunoperoxidase technique with a monoclonal antibody against Chlamydia and evaluated formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 16 cases of histologically proven prostatitis [30].
• The PCR assay was used to screen 198 proteinase K-treated biopsies of prostate, periprostate and bladder from 84 men with prostatitis [31].
• METHODS: 78 men: controls (n = 16), BPH (n = 14), CPPS IIIA [>/=10 white blood cells per high power field (WBC/hpf) in EPS] (n = 18), CPPS IIIB [<10 WBC/hpf in EPS] (n = 20), and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis (AIP) (n = 10) were evaluated for EPS WBC, and IL-1beta and TNF-alpha by ELISA [32].

References