Disease relevance of TRAK1

• Synovium, synovial-fluid cells, or both, from eight patients with sexually acquired reactive arthritis (SARA) and eight with knee effusions associated with other rheumatic diseases were examined by means of a fluorescein-labelled monoclonal antibody to C trachomatis ('Micro Trak'; Syva) [1].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archival voided urine samples serially collected from 187 patients with a prior diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were measured for BTA TRAK, an assay performed in clinical laboratories [2].
• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Syva Micro Trak enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is used widely for screening women infected with Chlamydia trachomatis [3].
• Use of the 2nd generation TRAK human assay did not improve prediction of relapse after antithyroid medical therapy of Graves' disease [4].
• Despite the higher diagnostic sensitivity of the TRAK human method, we could not find any improvement of predictive values for relapse of hyperthyroidism in the measurement of TRAb at the end of ATD [4].

High impact information on TRAK1

• GRIF-1 shares approximately 44% amino acid sequence identity with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase interacting protein 106, OIP106 [5].
• GRIF-1 and OIP106 are modified by O-GlcNAc and therefore are substrates for OGT [6].
• Whereas GRIF-1 has been reported to be expressed only in excitable tissue, OIP106 is expressed in all human cell lines that were examined [6].
• Confocal and electron microscopy show that OIP106 localizes to nuclear punctae in HeLa cells and co-localizes with RNA polymerase II [6].
• Additionally, both the OID of OIP106 and nucleoporin p62 competed with each other for glycosylation by OGT [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of TRAK1

• The specificity of an EIA (Chlamydiazyme, Abbott) for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis was evaluated by means of a monoclonal antibody blocking reagent (Abbott) and a direct fluorescent antibody test (DFA) (Micro Trak, Syva) [8].

Biological context of TRAK1

• We found that out of 222 residues (205-426) in the cytoplasmic domain, only 54 (344-397, delta 12) were sufficient for binding p60-TRAK and for phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain [9].
• Using 152 paired specimens, we compared the Syva Micro Trak direct specimen test with culture in a population of adolescent females attending a general adolescent medicine clinic [10].

Anatomical context of TRAK1

• We have compared the JP09 assay with the TRAK assay (which is based on solubilized porcine TSH-R) and found a highly positive correlation between the two assays, r = 0.83 P < 0.0001, in 55 sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease [11].
• The initial diagnosis of TMG was based on suppressed TSH and a patchy Tc-uptake of more than 1 % and less than 7 % or TSH of more than 0.3 mIE/l with a patchy Tc-uptake of more than 1.5 % and less than 7 % and negative TBII values in a displacement assay using solubilized porcine epithelial cell membranes (TRAK, Brahms, Germany) [12].
• Bioassays using CHO cell lines expressing the hTSH-receptor or a new TBII assay, which uses the hTSH-receptor as an antigen (DYNOTEST TRAK human, Brahms, Germany), showed a higher sensitivity for the detection of TRAbs in patients with GD than assays using solubilized porcine epithelial cell membranes [12].
• The methods that have been tested extensively are the nuclear matrix protein (NMP22) assay, the BTA stat assay, and the BTA TRAK enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [13].

Associations of TRAK1 with chemical compounds

• Our detailed analysis indicated that a serine-, threonine-, and proline-rich region (residues 243-274, delta 2) and the N-terminal half of the cytoplasmic domain (residues 243-323, delta 3) neither associated with p60-TRAK nor underwent phosphorylation [9].
• The p60 tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated kinase (TRAK) binds residues 344-397 within the cytoplasmic domain involved in TNF signaling [9].
• Blood samples collected in ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), heparin, and acid citrate dextrose (ACD) were processed by using conventional Hypaque-Ficoll (HF) separation and four whole blood (WB) lysis techniques: Immuno-lyse, Q-Prep, FACS Lyse, and Gen Trak Lysis [14].
• Urine was collected with 10 mM EDTA and U-hCFH levels were measured using the BTA TRAK Assay Kit [15].
• A rapid latex agglutination test (Bactigen Group B Streptococcus Cervical Screen) for detection of group B streptococci in cervical-vaginal specimens was evaluated using two different slide systems, the traditional serologic slide and capillary action track (Trak) slide [16].

Physical interactions of TRAK1

• Both GRIF-1 and OIP106 contain coiled-coil domains and interact with the tetratricopeptide repeats of OGT [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TRAK1

• The BTAstat and BTA TRAK tests are new immunoassays that detect and measure an antigen in the urine of individuals diagnosed with bladder cancer [17].
• CONCLUSION: Because of its relatively high sensitivity, the BTA TRAK assay could complement cytology as an adjunct to cystoscopy in the diagnosis and follow-up of most patients with bladder cancer.Copyright 1999 American Association for Clinical Chemistry[18]
• METHODS: The BTA TRAK assay, a quantitative enzyme immunoassay for the bladder tumor-associated antigen in urine, was compared with exfoliative cytology in 220 patients (155 men, 65 women; mean age, 64.2 years) presenting with signs, symptoms, or preliminary diagnostic results suggestive of this disease [18].
• In 122 Graves' patients TRAb were measured at the time of diagnosis and in all patients when discontinuing ATD by a competitive radioreceptor assay using recombinant human TSH receptors (TRAK human assay) [4].
• The reliability of a cytospin-enhanced direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA), using Syva Micro Trak monoclonal antibodies, for detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) was evaluated by comparing results with those of conventional cell culture [19].

References