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Ncl  -  nucleolin

Rattus norvegicus

Synonyms: Nuc, Nucleolin, Protein C23
 
 
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Disease relevance of Ncl

  • These annexin-like Ca2+-binding characteristics of nucleolin are likely contributed by its highly acidic argyrophilic N-terminus with autolysis apparently resulting in largely selective removal of its basic C-terminal domain [1].
  • Ncl promoter activity was 1.5- to 16-fold stronger than that of the simian virus 40 promoter and enhancer [2].
  • Protein C23 (Mr = 110,000; pI, 5.5) is the major phosphoprotein in the nucleolus of Novikoff hepatoma cells and comprises 9.5% of the total nucleolar protein [3].
 

High impact information on Ncl

 

Biological context of Ncl

 

Anatomical context of Ncl

 

Associations of Ncl with chemical compounds

  • The relationship between the amount of the two major AgNOR proteins, nucleolin and protein B23, and the rate of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis was studied in cortisol-treated and regenerating rat hepatocytes after partial hepatectomy [5].
  • However, the combination of mercaptoethanol and ribonuclease A caused most of the RNA and protein to be removed, including protein C23 and the 160-kDa polypeptide, with polypeptides in the range of Mr 30 000-50 000 remaining [13].
  • Whereas spermine binding to the purified nucleolin was decreased by KCl concentrations above 50 mM, histones (H1, H2B and H3) were able to bind to the nucleolin in the presence of up to 300 mM KCl [14].
  • All of the methylated arginine residues in protein C23, the 34-kilodalton protein, and myelin basic protein [Carnegie, P.R. (1971) Biochem. J. 123, 57-67] have at least one adjacent glycine [15].
  • Rapid reduction in the level and phosphorylation of nucleolin occurs following androgen deprivation, which corresponds to the ensuing cessation of prostatic growth leading to involution [11].
 

Other interactions of Ncl

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ncl

  • Using Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR (TaqMan) we found that the amount of nucleolin is regulated both at the level of transcription and translation during the development of the cardiomyocyte [8].
  • The quantity of protein B23 was unchanged until 12 h after partial hepatectomy, whereas nucleolin appeared to be slightly increased at 9 h (1.15-fold above the control value) after partial hepatectomy [5].
  • Nucleolin and protein B23 were identified on SDS-polyacrylamide gels of nuclear proteins transferred to nitrocellulose and detected (1) by immunoreaction with specific monoclonal antibodies revealed by second antibodies coupled to peroxidase followed by chemiluminescence or (2) by the silver-staining procedure for AgNOR proteins [5].
  • By SDS-PAGE analyses the cross-linked species migrated more slowly than protein C23, appearing as a smear detected either by [3H]uridine radioactivity or by anti-C23 antibody [16].
  • Tryptic peptides from protein C23 containing these regions were purified by DEAE-Sephadex columns and paper electrophoresis at pH 1 [9].

References

  1. Nucleolin is a calcium-binding protein. Gilchrist, J.S., Abrenica, B., DiMario, P.J., Czubryt, M.P., Pierce, G.N. J. Cell. Biochem. (2002) [Pubmed]
  2. A polymorphic dinucleotide repeat in the rat nucleolin gene forms Z-DNA and inhibits promoter activity. Rothenburg, S., Koch-Nolte, F., Rich, A., Haag, F. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2001) [Pubmed]
  3. Nucleolar specific acidic phosphoprotein C23 is highly methylated. Lischwe, M.A., Roberts, K.D., Yeoman, L.C., Busch, H. J. Biol. Chem. (1982) [Pubmed]
  4. Antibodies to a nucleolar protein are localized in the nucleolus after red blood cell-mediated microinjection. Bennett, F.C., Busch, H., Lischwe, M.A., Yeoman, L.C. J. Cell Biol. (1983) [Pubmed]
  5. Quantitative changes of the two major AgNOR proteins, nucleolin and protein B23, related to stimulation of rDNA transcription. Derenzini, M., Sirri, V., Pession, A., Trerè, D., Roussel, P., Ochs, R.L., Hernandez-Verdun, D. Exp. Cell Res. (1995) [Pubmed]
  6. Simultaneous activation of heat shock protein (hsp 70) and nucleolin genes during in vivo and in vitro prereplicative stages of rat hepatocytes. Ohmori, H., Murakami, T., Furutani, A., Higashi, K., Hirano, H., Gotoh, S., Kuroiwa, A., Masui, A., Nakamura, T., Amalric, F. Exp. Cell Res. (1990) [Pubmed]
  7. Nucleolin gene organization in rodents: highly conserved sequences within three of the 13 introns. Bourbon, H.M., Amalric, F. Gene (1990) [Pubmed]
  8. Nucleolin is regulated both at the level of transcription and translation. Bicknell, K., Brooks, G., Kaiser, P., Chen, H., Dove, B.K., Hiscox, J.A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2005) [Pubmed]
  9. Amino acid sequence and sites of phosphorylation in a highly acidic region of nucleolar nonhistone protein C23. Mamrack, M.D., Olson, M.O., Busch, H. Biochemistry (1979) [Pubmed]
  10. Threonine 308 phosphorylated form of Akt translocates to the nucleus of PC12 cells under nerve growth factor stimulation and associates with the nuclear matrix protein nucleolin. Borgatti, P., Martelli, A.M., Tabellini, G., Bellacosa, A., Capitani, S., Neri, L.M. J. Cell. Physiol. (2003) [Pubmed]
  11. Androgenic regulation of phosphorylation and stability of nucleolar protein nucleolin in rat ventral prostate. Tawfic, S., Goueli, S.A., Olson, M.O., Ahmed, K. Prostate (1994) [Pubmed]
  12. Effect of laminin on the nuclear localization of nucleolin in rat intestinal epithelial IEC-6 cells. Yu, D., Schwartz, M.Z., Petryshyn, R. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1998) [Pubmed]
  13. Preribosomal ribonucleoprotein particles are a major component of a nucleolar matrix fraction. Olson, M.O., Wallace, M.O., Herrera, A.H., Marshall-Carlson, L., Hunt, R.C. Biochemistry (1986) [Pubmed]
  14. Limited proteolysis of rat liver nucleolin by endogenous proteases: effects of polyamines and histones. Suzuki, T., Suzuki, N., Hosoya, T. Biochem. J. (1993) [Pubmed]
  15. Clustering of glycine and NG,NG-dimethylarginine in nucleolar protein C23. Lischwe, M.A., Cook, R.G., Ahn, Y.S., Yeoman, L.C., Busch, H. Biochemistry (1985) [Pubmed]
  16. Association of protein C23 with rapidly labeled nucleolar RNA. Herrera, A.H., Olson, M.O. Biochemistry (1986) [Pubmed]
 
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