Disease relevance of IL9R

• The antitumor potency of rhIL-9-ETA' was evaluated against the Hodgkin-derived cell lines L540Cy, KM-H2 and L1236, the Burkitt lymphoma cell line Daudi, the erythroleukemia cell line K562, and the mastocytoma cell line P815-hIL9R, transfected with hIL-9 receptor cDNA [1].
• A deletion mutant of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A fused to recombinant human interleukin-9 (rhIL-9-ETA') shows specific cytotoxicity against IL-9-receptor-expressing cell lines [1].
• The potential roles of multiple interactions between IL-9, IL-9R and HTLV-I in the monoclonal expansion and transformation of MT-2 cells are explored [2].
• Prior to superinfection, the cells express neither IL-9 nor IL-9R [3].
• In this report, we present evidence that the vast majority (> 90%) of the IL-2-independent lines established from polytropic or xenotropic virus-infected 4437A cells carry provirus insertions in the 3' untranslated region of the IL-9 receptor gene (Gfi-2 [for growth factor independence-2]/IL-9R) [3].

Psychiatry related information on IL9R

• In this investigation, we analysed a polymorphic CAG repeat in the interleukin receptor gene (IL9R), mapped to the pseudoautosomal region Xq28 and Yq21 (a candidate region for schizophrenia and affective disorder) [4].

High impact information on IL9R

• The relevance of the observations in intestinal epithelial cell lines for intestinal epithelial function in vivo was supported by the demonstration of transcripts for gamma c, IL-2R beta, IL-4R, IL-7R, and IL-9R in primary human intestinal epithelial cells [5].
• In addition, Caco-2 and HT-29 cells expressed mRNA for the IL-9R [5].
• The GC-rich distal 35 kb, added in stages and much later in evolution, contains the X/Y expressed gene IL9R and a novel gene, CXYorf1, only 5 kb from the Xq telomere [6].
• To examine the interaction between IL-9 and eosinophils, we evaluated mature peripheral blood eosinophils for their expression of the specific alpha-subunit of the IL-9 receptor (IL-9R-alpha) [7].
• The expression of IL-9R-alpha by human eosinophils was detected at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), flow cytometry, and immunocytochemical analysis, respectively [7].

Biological context of IL9R

• An interaction was also seen between IL4RA and IL9R haplotypes [8].
• Conclusion Variants in the IL4RA gene alone may not exert any major influence on susceptibility to asthma-related diseases in childhood, but in combination with other genes, such as IL9R, IL4RA may be an important gene for disease susceptibility [8].
• The human IL-9 receptor gene consists of 10 exons spread over approximately 13.7 kb of DNA [9].
• A fusion gene containing 659 bp of human IL-9 receptor 5' noncoding region linked to the firefly luciferase gene directed expression of luciferase activity in human embryonic kidney 293 cell line, but not in the mouse fibroblast cell line NIH3T3 cells [9].
• Heteromerization of the gammac chain with the interleukin-9 receptor alpha subunit leads to STAT activation and prevention of apoptosis [10].

Anatomical context of IL9R

• Analysis of IL-9R alpha subunit expression on 18 T cell clones revealed that IL-9 responsiveness was directly proportional to the expression of the high-affinity receptor [11].
• Expression of hCLCA1 mRNA was colocalised with IL-9R expression and PAS-positive staining in epithelial cells [12].
• IL-9 responsiveness was also dependent on long-term culturing because neither freshly isolated nor 3-day phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) expressed IL-9R alpha [11].
• In summary, the data showed that IL-9 can rescue only a small subset of Th2 cells from apoptosis induced by growth factor withdrawal and that expression of IL-9R alpha is required for the antiapoptotic signals mediated by this cytokine [11].
• Functional expression of IL-9 receptor by human neutrophils from asthmatic donors: role in IL-8 release [13].

Associations of IL9R with chemical compounds

• Taken together, these data indicate that a single tyrosine of the IL-9 receptor, required for activation of three different STAT proteins, is necessary for distinct activities of this cytokine, including proliferative responses [14].
• We constructed a retroviral vector, pLhIL-9RSN, containing CDNA encoding the human interleukin-9 receptor (IL-9R) along with a neomycin phosphotransferase gene (Neo) [15].

Physical interactions of IL9R

• Tip60 interacts with human interleukin-9 receptor alpha-chain [16].
• Sharing of IL-9R/IL-2R components was furthermore suggested by inhibition of 125I-IL-2 binding to primary AML cells with excess of unlabeled IL-9 [17].

Regulatory relationships of IL9R

• The data demonstrate that myeloid progenitors can be transduced at the single-cell level with both hEpoR and hIL-9R genes with resultant enhanced proliferation of these progenitors in the erythroid lineage by combinations of cytokines including Epo and IL-9 [18].

Other interactions of IL9R

• Surprisingly, in a substantial part of the myeloid lineage cells examined, an IL-2Rgamma+, IL-4R-, IL7R- configuration was noted that was, however, frequently associated with expression of IL-9R [17].
• Recent findings show that, like XpPAR genes, IL9R escapes X inactivation and its Y allele is also expressed, but SYBL1 seems to act like an X-linked gene, expressed from the active X chromosome but not from the inactive X or Y [19].
• IL-4R and PRLR gave only small numbers of thymocytes, whereas IL-9R gave robust alphabeta T cell development and reconstitution of peripheral CD4 and CD8 cells, indicating that it can duplicate many of the functions of IL-7R [20].
• Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for IL-9 receptor and c-kit completely abolished this synergistic effect [21].
• Influence of retroviral-mediated gene transduction of both the recombinant human erythropoietin receptor and interleukin-9 receptor genes into single CD34++CD33-or low cord blood cells on cytokine-stimulated erythroid colony formation [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of IL9R

• IL-9, IL-9R and hCLCA1 expression was determined by immunocytochemistry [12].
• Using the human IL9R cosmid as a probe to perform fluorescence in situ hybridization, additional signals were identified in the subtelomeric regions of chromosomes 9q, 10p, 16p, and 18p [22].
• Expression of IL-9 and IL-9 receptor was investigated by reverse transcription-PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry [23].
• Interaction between variants in the interleukin-4 receptor alpha and interleukin-9 receptor genes in childhood wheezing: evidence from a birth cohort study [8].
• Interleukin-9 (IL-9) induces cell growth arrest associated with sustained signal transducer and activator of transcription activation in lymphoma cells overexpressing the IL-9 receptor [24].

References