Disease relevance of deltaTry

• These three HSP90s were indistinguishable from one another in amino acid composition, one-dimensional peptide mapping, elution pattern of proteolytic fragments (trypsin- or V8-protease-cleaved) in reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, reactivity with the antibody against mouse T lymphoma HSP90 and the ability to bind to F-actin [1].

High impact information on deltaTry

• Proteases (proteinase K or trypsin) added to a suspension of mitochondria loaded with apoprotein digested an amount of apoprotein similar to that which would have been dissociated during the same time, as measured by successive washings in the absence of protease [2].
• Regulation of neuronal specification in the zebrafish spinal cord by Delta function [3].
• Here we show that mutation of either the bHLH-encoding genes of the Enhancer of split complex (E(spl)-C) or groucho, like Notch or Delta mutants, cause an overproduction of sensory organ precursors at the expense of epidermis [4].
• They mediate cell communication between the competent cells by means of an inhibitory signal, Delta, that is transduced through the Notch receptor and results in a cessation of achaete-scute activity [4].
• Moreover, the functions of brn in oogenesis are distinct from those of Notch and Delta, two other neurogenic loci that are known to be required for follicular development [5].

Biological context of deltaTry

• The translated amino acid sequence of the proposed active enzyme is 42% homologous to bovine trypsin [6].
• We find, unexpectedly, that many Dl(TD) alleles contain missense mutations in ELRs within the Delta extracellular domain [7].
• Cytogenetic definition and morphogenetic analysis of Delta, a gene affecting neurogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster [8].
• Finally, we find that two Dl(TD) alleles contain lysine missense mutations within the Delta intracellular domain (DeltaICD) that may identify residues important for DeltaICD mono-ubiquitylation and subsequent Delta endocytosis and signaling [7].
• We have conducted a genetic analysis of a small interval of the third chromosome known to include Delta (Dl), a locus that affects the segregation of the ectoderm into neural and epidermal lineages during embryogenesis and the morphogenesis of some ectodermally derived structures, in Drosophila melanogaster [8].

Anatomical context of deltaTry

• In vitro degradation of the Neb-Trypsin modulating oostatic factor (Neb-TMOF) in gut luminal content and hemolymph of the grey fleshfly, Neobellieria bullata [9].
• The Drosophila germline stem cells (GSCs) reside in a somatic cell niche . We show that Notch activation can induce the expression of niche-cell markers even in an adult fly; overexpression of Delta in the germline, or activated Notch in the somatic cells, results in extra niche cells, up to 10-fold over the normal number [10].
• Overexpression of a zebrafish homologue of the Drosophila neurogenic gene Delta perturbs differentiation of primary neurons and somite development [11].
• The 39-kDa subunit is phosphorylated by the hemin-controlled inhibitor of rabbit reticulocytes in a terminal fragment which can be cleaved by mild treatment with trypsin [12].
• No traces of canatoxin were found in their feces, suggesting that the protein was digested completely by these insects, which characteristically have a trypsin-based digestion [13].

Associations of deltaTry with chemical compounds

• The unblocked hexapeptidic Trypsin Modulating Oostatic Factor of the fleshfly, an inhibitor of both trypsin and ecdysone biosynthesis, resists very well proteolytic breakdown by enzymes present in the lumen of the gut of previtellogenic fleshflies [9].
• Comparison of human cholinesterase, and Torpedo and Drosophila acetylcholinesterases to the serine proteases suggests that the cholinesterases constitute a separate family of serine esterases, distinct from the trypsin family and from subtilisin [14].
• When the purified NAD-dependent type enzyme was digested with trypsin, it cleaved into three fragments with molecular masses of 20, 40, and 85 kDa and was irreversibly converted to the O2-dependent type [15].
• TR-1 was refractory to a second incubation with trypsin but could be digested by papain or Pronase to a smaller mucin glycopeptide fraction, as judged by the slight decrease in apparent molecular weight on Sepharose CL-4B [16].
• Peptides that display sequence similarities to the mammalian vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide, and prolactin precursors and the invertebrate peptides orcokinin, prothoracicotropic hormones, trypsin modulating oostatic factor, and Drosophila immune induced peptides (DIMs) among others were discovered [17].

Other interactions of deltaTry

• This includes 10-fold or greater shortfalls in the numbers of Delta and Epsilon GSTs and CYP4 P450s, members of which clades have been recurrently associated with insecticide resistance in other species [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of deltaTry

• Trypsin mRNA from the citrus weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus, was reverse transcribed and amplified by PCR [19].
• Southern blot analysis suggested that Neobellieria trypsin is encoded by one gene [20].
• Northern blot analysis showed that an early trypsin transcript is found in the midgut of sugar-fed females [20].
• Both models contain two domains of beta-barrel sheets as was shown by means of X-ray crystallography of mammalian trypsin [20].
• A proteinaceous inhibitor with high activity against trypsin-like serine proteinases was purified from seeds of the tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica) by gel filtration on Shephacryl S-200 followed by a reverse-phase HPLC Vidac C18 TP [21].

References