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Gene Review

Polr3k  -  polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed)...

Mus musculus

Synonyms: 12.3kDa, 1500004O14Rik, AI196849, AU014893, C11, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Polr3k

  • We have cloned a cDNA for the 12.3kDa polypeptide (light chain 3) and found that this protein is highly homologous to mouse Tctex1, a protein encoded by a member of the multigene family in the t complex region that is involved in male sterility and the development of the germ cells [1].
  • In L 1210 mouse lymphoid leukemia growing in CD2F1 mice the combination of D 609/C11 given intraperitoneally in a concentration of 100 mg/kg for more than 1 day effected a significant difference in the survival curves between the control and therapeutic groups in 1 out of 2 experiments [2].
  • In conclusion, the treatment schedules of D 609/C11 or D 609/C14 used in this study has not revealed significant therapeutic effects in mouse tumors or leukemias in vivo [2].
  • D 609 in combination with C11 or C14 did not show antitumoral efficacy in 3-Lewis lung carcinoma (3-LL) growing in syngeneic C57BL6-mice (primary tumor and metastasis) or in WEHI-3B myelomonocytic leukemia growing in Balb/c mice, when given in a dose range lower than the lethal dose for 10% of the treated animals (LD10) [2].
  • The methylcholanthrene GR9 tumour is a fibrosarcoma, originated in a BALB/c (H-2d) mouse, composed of different clones (A7, G2, D8, D6, B11, B3, B7, C11, B10, B9) with different class I (Kd Dd Ld) expression [3].
 

High impact information on Polr3k

  • It is likely that HF and C11 gene expression will be of diagnostic value [4].
  • We have synthesized three tritiated analogs of myristate with oxygen substituted for methylene groups at C6, C11, and C13 [5].
  • The mutants were isolated by rescuing the integrated SV40 DNA from C2 and C11 cells (CV-1 cell lines transformed with UV-irradiated SV40) [6].
  • The two C11 mutations were separated from each other to form two distinct viral genomes in pC11A and pC11B. pC2, pC11, pC11A, and pC11B are able to transform both primary and established rodent cell cultures [6].
  • The activation of lysis, serine protease enzymes, and C11 and HF mRNA all peaked around day 5 in culture and was dose dependent [7].
 

Biological context of Polr3k

  • NIH 3T3 cells were stably transfected with plasmids that expressed the wild-type alpha12, the constitutively active Q229L (QL) mutant, and mutants in which C11 was changed to S (C11S) and S2 and R6 were changed to G and S, respectively (S2G) [8].
  • Incorporation of a hydroxy at C11 along with this branched side chain resulted in an extremely potent cannabinoid with ED50S of 0.01, 0.04, 0.16 and 0.04 mumol/kg in depression of spontaneous activity, reduction in body temperature, antinociception, and immobility, respectively [9].
  • Collectively, our findings indicate that the CB10 region of porcine C11 bears determinants which may be important in the induction and/or regulation of CIA in the H-2r haplotype [10].
 

Anatomical context of Polr3k

  • Those hybridomas producing antibodies against the seed lectin were cloned at least four times and the monoclonal antibodies from clone C11/64-56.28 were characterized and found to be specific for Subunit I of the lectin; they do not react with the structurally similar Subunit II [11].
  • Although unstimulated NK cells were cytolytic, they were found not to express the C11 (chymotrypsin-like) mRNA [7].
  • LAK cells, like MHC-restricted and non-restricted CTL clones, express mRNA transcripts of the C11 serine protease gene [12].
  • Addition of saturated and alpha, beta-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes (C8 to C11) significantly increased NADPH oxidation with mouse hepatic microsomes, and the aldehydes themselves were oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acids [13].
  • Serine protease genes (C11, B10 and HF) derived from activated cytolytic T lymphocytes have been shown to be important in CTL-mediated cytotoxicity [14].
 

Associations of Polr3k with chemical compounds

  • The transfer of high molecular weight (HMW) DNA isolated from Syrian hamster actinomycin D-resistant cells (C12TSV5/R) to sensitive A9 mouse cells, resulted in the growth in selective medium of transferent clones A9 ActR C11, C12 and C13) [15].
  • Monoclonal anti-progesterone antibodies were raised by immunizing mice with progesterone coupled through either the C3, C6 or C11 positions to protein carrier (bovine serum albumin, BSA) [16].
  • The basic premise underlying the cannabinoid pharmacophore is that at least three functional groups are involved in the interaction between the ligand and the receptor and that these functional groups in delta 9-THC comprise (a) C11, (b) the phenolic hydroxyl, and (c) the side chain [9].
  • However, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including herbimycin A, tyrphostin C11, and genistein, completely prevent the effect of IgD on IgD-R expression [17].
  • The combinations of tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate (D 609) with undecanoic acid (C11) and D 609 with myristic acid (C14) were tested in 3 rodent tumor models in vivo [2].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Polr3k

References

  1. A dynein light chain of sea urchin sperm flagella is a homolog of mouse Tctex 1, which is encoded by a gene of the t complex sterility locus. Kagami, O., Gotoh, M., Makino, Y., Mohri, H., Kamiya, R., Ogawa, K. Gene (1998) [Pubmed]
  2. Antitumoral activity of a xanthate compound. II. Therapeutic studies in murine leukemia and tumor models in vivo. Schick, H.D., Danhauser-Riedl, S., Amtmann, E., Busch, R., Reichert, A., Steinhauser, G., Rastetter, J., Sauer, G., Berdel, W.E. Cancer Lett. (1989) [Pubmed]
  3. H-2 antigens and tumour-associated transplantation antigens in clones derived from a methylcholanthrene-induced BALB/c tumour: their influence on the generation in vitro and in vivo of the specific anti-tumour immune response. Pérez, M., Garrido, A., Algarra, I., Caballero, A., Delgado, C., Collado, M.D., Fernández-Cruz, E., Garrido, F. Exp. Clin. Immunogenet. (1989) [Pubmed]
  4. A high proportion of T lymphocytes that infiltrate H-2-incompatible heart allografts in vivo express genes encoding cytotoxic cell-specific serine proteases, but do not express the MEL-14-defined lymph node homing receptor. Mueller, C., Gershenfeld, H.K., Lobe, C.G., Okada, C.Y., Bleackley, R.C., Weissman, I.L. J. Exp. Med. (1988) [Pubmed]
  5. Functional analysis of protein N-myristoylation: metabolic labeling studies using three oxygen-substituted analogs of myristic acid and cultured mammalian cells provide evidence for protein-sequence-specific incorporation and analog-specific redistribution. Johnson, D.R., Cox, A.D., Solski, P.A., Devadas, B., Adams, S.P., Leimgruber, R.M., Heuckeroth, R.O., Buss, J.E., Gordon, J.I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1990) [Pubmed]
  6. Simian virus 40 large T-antigen point mutants that are defective in viral DNA replication but competent in oncogenic transformation. Manos, M.M., Gluzman, Y. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1984) [Pubmed]
  7. IL-2 induces expression of serine protease enzymes and genes in natural killer and nonspecific T killer cells. Manyak, C.L., Norton, G.P., Lobe, C.G., Bleackley, R.C., Gershenfeld, H.K., Weissman, I.L., Kumar, V., Sigal, N.H., Koo, G.C. J. Immunol. (1989) [Pubmed]
  8. Galpha12 requires acylation for its transforming activity. Jones, T.L., Gutkind, J.S. Biochemistry (1998) [Pubmed]
  9. Pharmacological evaluation of dimethylheptyl analogs of delta 9-THC: reassessment of the putative three-point cannabinoid-receptor interaction. Martin, B.R., Compton, D.R., Prescott, W.R., Barrett, R.L., Razdan, R.K. Drug and alcohol dependence. (1995) [Pubmed]
  10. Identification of a cyanogen bromide fragment of porcine type II collagen capable of modulating collagen arthritis in B10.RIII (H-2r) mice. Nabozny, G.H., Griffiths, M.M., Harper, D.S., Luthra, H.S., David, C.S. Autoimmunity (1995) [Pubmed]
  11. Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against the seed lectin of the Dolichos biflorus plant. Borrebaeck, C.A., Etzler, M.E. J. Biol. Chem. (1981) [Pubmed]
  12. A functional and phenotypic comparison of murine natural killer (NK) cells and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Hoskin, D.W., Stankova, J., Anderson, S.K., Roder, J.C. Int. J. Cancer (1989) [Pubmed]
  13. Mouse hepatic microsomal oxidation of aliphatic aldehydes (C8 to C11) to carboxylic acids. Watanabe, K., Matsunaga, T., Narimatsu, S., Yamamoto, I., Yoshimura, H. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1992) [Pubmed]
  14. Murine lymphocytes with natural killer activity express CTL-derived serine protease genes. Anderson, S.K., Hong, K.K., Hoskin, D.W., Abramow-Newerly, W., Fulop, G.M., Phillips, R.A., Hozumi, N., Roder, J.C. Immunology (1989) [Pubmed]
  15. DNA-mediated transfer of actinomycin D resistance into cultured mouse cells. Suárez, H.G., Nardeux, P.C., Barbich, M. Exp. Cell Res. (1985) [Pubmed]
  16. Monoclonal antibodies against progesterone: effect of steroid-carrier coupling position on antibody specificity. Gani, M., Coley, J., Piron, J., Humphreys, A.S., Arevalo, J., Wilson, I.A., Taussig, M.J. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  17. Regulation of IgD-receptor expression on murine T cells. II. Upregulation of IgD receptors is obtained after activation of various intracellular second-messenger systems; tyrosine kinase activity is required for the effect of IgD. Amin, A.R., Swenson, C.D., Xue, B., Ishida, Y., Nair, B.G., Patel, T.B., Chused, T.M., Thorbecke, G.J. Cell. Immunol. (1993) [Pubmed]
  18. Influence of the conjugation site on the specificity of monoclonal antibodies to progesterone and on the performance of direct enzyme immunoassay. Yoon, D.Y., Choi, M.J., Choe, I.S., Chung, T.W., Byun, S.M. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. (1993) [Pubmed]
 
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