Disease relevance of Mesocricetus

• We report here that the 3' two-thirds of the IgE-BF coding sequence shows a surprising homology (72%) at the DNA level with coding sequences of the gag and pol (DNA endonuclease) genes of the Syrian hamster intracisternal A particle (IAP H18), an endogenous retrovirus [1].
• Cadmium chloride, administered intratracheally to golden Syrian hamsters, causes an acute lung injury which evolves into a lesion with functional and morphological features of diffuse fibrosis [2].
• Previous results have shown that when compared to male Syrian hamsters, female Syrian hamsters have a distinct predisposition to acquire amyloidosis either normally with aging or experimentally with sodium caseinate or diethylstilbestrol (DES) treatments [3].
• Female Syrian hamsters were given a single sc dose of 45 mg diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/kg body weight on 1 of the 15 days of pregnancy [4].
• Invasive adenocarcinoma of the glandular stomach was induced in 3 BIO 87.20 inbred Syrian hamsters by the administration of 1 ppm N-nitrosodiethylamine or N-nitrosodimethylamine in the drinking water, and in 2 BIO 15.16 and 5 BIO 72.29 inbred Syrian hamsters by gavage of 3-methylcholanthrene [5].

Psychiatry related information on Mesocricetus

• In male Syrian hamsters, an animal model for estradiol-induced carcinogenesis, 2-fluoroestradiol was not carcinogenic, whereas 4-fluoroestradiol induced kidney tumors after a prolonged latency period, compared with estradiol (100% tumor incidence), when the compounds were administered to hamsters in hormonally equipotent doses [6].
• In an investigation of the role that central tyrosine hydroxylase-(TH) containing neurons play in copulation in the male Syrian hamster, the induction of Fos protein was used as an index of neuronal activation [7].
• The aim of this study was to define the conditions of daily programmed melatonin infusion in which an entrainment of the locomotor activity rhythm is obtained in adult male Syrian hamsters [8].
• Food deprivation inhibits estrous behavior in hormone-treated Syrian hamsters despite elevated estradiol levels [9].
• Distribution of methionine and leucine enkephalin neurons within the social behavior circuitry of the male Syrian hamster brain [10].

High impact information on Mesocricetus

• Transgenic (Tg) (MH2M PrP) mice were susceptible to both Syrian hamster and mouse prions, whereas three lines expressing MHM2 PrP were resistant to Syrian hamster prions [11].
• Distinctive chromosomal structures are formed very early in the amplification of CAD genes in Syrian hamster cells [12].
• Treatment of Syrian hamster embryo cells with 5-bromodeoxyuridine followed by near ultraviolet irradiation results in neoplastic transformation of these cells [13].
• Cultured neural retinas of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) exhibited circadian rhythms of melatonin synthesis for at least 5 days at 27 degrees celsius [14].
• Golden Syrian hamsters were placed individually in cages with three drinking bottles--one empty, one containing water, and the third containing water and ethanol [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mesocricetus

• In the present study, we tested the influence of testosterone on expression of amyloid to determine if this hormone was solely responsible for the sex-limited amyloidosis of the Syrian hamster [3].
• High incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas after synthetic estrogen administration in Syrian golden hamsters fed alpha-naphthoflavone: a new tumor model [16].
• The possible effects of dietary protein on pancreatic cancer induced in outbred Syrian golden hamsters by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) were studied [17].
• The action of lynestrenol, a synthetic progesterone-like substance, was studied in Syrian golden hamsters inoculated with cells transformed by herpes simplex virus type I. Daily ip injections of 1 mg lynesterol/kg delayed tumor growth [18].
• Inoculation of golden Syrian hamsters with Venezuelan encephalitis (VE) virus results in a sustained diminution in glucose-stimulated insulin release that is correctable by cyclic (c) AMP analogs and phosphodiesterase inhibitors [19].

Biological context of Mesocricetus

• Alkaline sucrose gradients were used to compare azaserine-induced pancrewtic and liver DNA damage in W/LEW and F344 rats, the CD-1 mouse, the Syrian golden hamster, and the strain 13 guinea pig [20].
• Effect of acrylonitrile on primary Syrian golden hamster embryo cells in culture: transformation and DNA fragmentation [21].
• N-Nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine was intragastrically administered to Syrian golden hamsters at four different dose levels [74 mg/kg body wt = 1/5 median lethal dose (LD50); 37 mg/kg body wt = 1/10 LD50; 18 mg/kg body wt = 1/20 LD50; and 9 mg/kg body wt = 1/40 LD50] [22].
• Uridine prototrophs could be isolated after introducing two recombinant plasmids containing overlapping fragments of a cloned Syrian hamster CAD gene [23].
• Exon 2 has no equivalent in the Syrian hamster and human PrP genes [24].

Anatomical context of Mesocricetus

• These results indicate that gonadal refractoriness is due to insensitivity of the target tissues of the pineal gland and imply that melantonin participates in photoperiodic regulation of reproduction in the golden hamster [25].
• At doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg BOP/kg, extensive DNA damage was detected in male Syrian golden hamster pancreas but Lewis rat pancreatic DNA was not affected [26].
• Electron microscopic autoradiography of the trachea in fetal Syrian golden hamsters treated transplacentally with N-nitrosodiethylamine [27].
• Topical application of N-methyl-N-benzylnitrosamine [(MBN) CAS: 937-40-6] to Syrian hamster buccal pouch epithelia resulted within 4 days in the induction of epithelial cell foci with histochemical gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTase) activity [28].
• Adult Syrian golden hamster hepatocytes were shown to have a high capacity to metabolize carcinogens, such as diethylnitrosamine, 2-nitrofluorene, and 4-aminoazobenzene, to a form that transforms mammalian cells [29].

Associations of Mesocricetus with chemical compounds

• Pineal melatonin rhythm: reduction in aging Syrian hamsters [30].
• The frequency with which diethylstilbestrol induces neoplastic transformation and somatic mutation was measured concomitantly in Syrian hamster embryo cells [31].
• Inhibition of estrogen tumorigenesis in the Syrian golden hamster kidney by antiestrogens [32].
• Increased tumorigenesis induced by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine in Syrian golden hamsters fed high-fat diets [33].
• Transplacental effects of diethylnitrosamine in Syrian hamsters as related to different days of administration during pregnancy [4].

Gene context of Mesocricetus

• Here we describe circadian oscillations of Per1 and Per2 in the SCN of the Syrian hamster, showing that PER1 protein and mRNA cycles again behave in a manner consistent with a negative-feedback oscillator [34].
• We have identified a nonsense mutation in the Mitf gene of the anophthalmic white Wh) Syrian hamster that destabilizes its mRNA and prevents the encoded basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLHzip) protein from dimerizing or binding DNA target sites [35].
• We tested this hypothesis in Bio. 82.73/H Syrian hamster lines which are congenic at the NAT2 gene locus [36].
• We quantitatively compared the cell-transforming activity of BP-A and 4 of its analogs (BP-2, BP-3, BP-4 and BP-5) in Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells lacking estrogen-receptor expression [37].
• Prostate expression of N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) and 2 (NAT2) in rapid and slow acetylator congenic Syrian hamster [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mesocricetus

• In the cardiomyopathy of the Syrian hamster, reduction in tissue stores and increased turnover of norepinephrine is clearly associated with excessive sympathetic stimulation but in animal models and humans with heart failure secondary to mechanical overload there is evidence for depression of neuronal uptake [39].
• Autoradiography in fetal golden hamsters treated with tritiated diethylnitrosamine [40].
• The role of protein in pancreatic carcinogenesis was examined in outbred Syrian golden hamsters treated with the pancreatic carcinogen N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP) and fed a purified protein-free diet (PPFD) [41].
• Epithelial renewal of the small intestine was measured in the Syrian hamster utilizing tritiated thymidine by standard autoradiographic and a scintillation counting technique [42].
• Peptides corresponding to these regions of Syrian hamster PrP were synthesized, and, contrary to predictions, three of the four spontaneously formed amyloids as shown by electron microscopy and Congo red staining [43].

References