Disease relevance of COL14A1

• Since undulin is involved in the supramolecular organization of fibrillar collagens and in their enzymatic degradation, its acetaldehyde-induced inhibition may contribute to ECM rearrangement in the early stages of alcoholic liver fibrosis [1].
• These data suggest that undulin is a constituent of the hepatic extracellular matrix of normal human liver, and that it participates in the rearrangement of connective tissue occurring in hepatic fibrosis [2].
• Corresponding to the in vivo findings, tenascin C expression was increased in keloidal fibroblasts compared with normal fibroblasts in vitro (P < 0.003), whereas undulin/collagen XIV and fibronectin expression in keloids and keloidal fibroblasts was similar to that in normal tissue and normal fibroblasts, respectively [3].
• Although very low in normals (1.16 ml/min [1.05-1.27]) renal undulin clearance was even significantly lower in patients with kidney diseases (0.5 ml/min [0.4-0.6]) [4].
• Immunohistochemical distribution of collagens type I, III, IV and VI, of undulin and of tenascin in oral fibrous hyperplasia [5].

Psychiatry related information on COL14A1

• Nepal is among the 20 countries with the lowest human development index, according to the criteria of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), and has a very high under-five mortality rate, according to the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) [6].

High impact information on COL14A1

• They were identical to cDNA-derived sequences of undulin, a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein [7].
• In fibrotic liver, undulin deposition and gene expression were enhanced in fibrotic stroma and areas of fibrogenesis identified by the presence of active septa and inflammatory infiltrate [2].
• Undulin gene expression in fibrotic liver was exclusively localized in mesenchymal cells that could be identified by staining for vimentin, and partially for alpha-smooth muscle actin as (myo)fibroblasts, and possibly fat-storing cells [2].
• Collagen types I, III, IV, and VI, tenascin, undulin/collagen XIV, and alpha-actin were localized by immunohistology [8].
• Localization of a binding site for the proteoglycan decorin on collagen XIV (undulin) [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of COL14A1

• Since then, several new initiatives have occurred as the result of a global effort by the World Bank/UNDP/WHO Special Programme on Tropical Diseases and the Onchocerciasis Control Programme. Some of these global research initiatives are reviewed in this paper [10].
• The Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and the UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases held an international conference to review recent achievements in research and control of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis on 19-23 September 2001 in Hamburg, Germany [11].

Biological context of COL14A1

• Comparative cytogenetic mapping of COL14A1, the gene for human and mouse collagen XIV [12].
• The human gene (COL14A1) was assigned to chromosome bands 8q23-->q24 [12].
• Localization of a cell adhesion site on collagen XIV (undulin) [13].
• Regulation of undulin synthesis and gene expression in human fat-storing cells by acetaldehyde and transforming growth factor-beta 1: comparison with fibronectin [1].
• Localization of the undulin gene (UND) to human chromosome band 8q23 [14].

Anatomical context of COL14A1

• Fibroblasts isolated from the interlobular stroma synthesised 3- to 5-fold more type XIV collagen/undulin than intralobular fibroblasts, but synthesised type I and type IV collagens in similar amounts [15].
• Immunolocalisation of type XIV collagen/undulin in the human mammary gland revealed greater deposition in the interlobular stroma than in the intralobular stroma [15].
• Undulin was associated with tightly packed major collagen fibrils and not with microfibrils, indicating that this protein may be involved in the supramolecular and functional organization of collagen fibrils into flexible bundles [16].
• Distribution of undulin, tenascin, and fibronectin in the human periodontal ligament and cementum: comparative immunoelectron microscopy with ultra-thin cryosections [16].
• In the extracellular matrix of blood vessel walls and the perivascular stem villous sheath, we found immunoreactivity of fibronectin and collagen types I, VI and undulin (collagen type XIV) [17].

Associations of COL14A1 with chemical compounds

• A chondroitin/dermatan sulfate form of CD44 is a receptor for collagen XIV (undulin) [18].
• Undulin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein associated with collagen fibrils [19].
• Acetaldehyde inhibited both undulin mRNA and protein expression, whereas it had an opposite (stimulatory) effect on FN synthesis [1].
• In a few tumours, collagen type III, vitronectin and undulin were expressed on the luminal side of the neoplastic glands, suggesting loss of normal polar differentiation [20].
• There was a slight but significant correlation between serum undulin and creatinine values and between renal undulin clearance and creatinine clearance [4].

Regulatory relationships of COL14A1

• TGF-beta 1 induced a dose-dependent increase of both undulin and FN synthesis in FSC cultures [1].

Other interactions of COL14A1

• Furthermore, as in fibronectin and tenascin, undulin bears an additional subset of interactive domains tailored to specific structural and functional roles in development and differentiation [21].
• Furthermore, TGF-beta 1 antagonized the inhibitory effect of acetaldehyde on undulin production and potentiated the stimulatory effect of acetaldehyde on FN synthesis [1].
• We characterized cDNA clones specific for the extracellular matrix glycoprotein undulin [21].
• Immunohistochemically subepithelial fibrous tissue of cyst walls in ADPKD kidneys showed strong coexpression of both undulin and tenascin with marked intensity adjacent to cyst-lining epithelium [22].
• Several structural glycoproteins, like fibronectin, laminin, entactin, tenascin, and undulin were detected using monoclonal antibodies [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of COL14A1

• Electron microscopy reveals undulin as structures consisting of an approximately 80-nm-long-tail with a nodule on one end and with one or two shorter arms on the other [19].
• Since a monoclonal antibody that is reactive with a sequence encoded by Un1 and not by Un2 detects the bands considered characteristic for undulin in Western blots, the mRNAs related to Un1 may code for the major part of the undulin molecule [21].
• By fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we have assigned the undulin locus (UND) to band q23 of human chromosome 8 [14].
• Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of collagens type III, IV, and VI and procollagens type I and III as well as fibronectin, laminin and undulin [24].
• The serum concentrations of undulin were most significantly (477 ng/mg [358-737]) increased in 18 hemodialysis patients [4].

References