Disease relevance of ERVE1

• Search for active endogenous retroviruses: identification and characterization of a HERV-E gene that is expressed in the pancreas and thyroid [1].
• Here, Hervé Groux and Fiona Powrie discuss the role that these cells play in the regulation of immune responses to enteric antigens and suggest that a deficiency in these cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease [2].
• In conclusion, local production of HERV-E 4-1 Env protein and defective tolerance of HERV gene products with resultant antibody production may contribute to the pathogenesis of IPF or sarcoidosis in some patients [3].
• We evaluated HERV-E 4-1 Env protein production by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells and PBL in 109 patients with sarcoidosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), lung cancer, and rheumatoid lung disease as well as 26 normal control individuals [3].
• A preliminary analysis of genes mapping in the same bands as HERV-E integration sites was performed: several loci relevant to physiological and/or pathological processes were detected [4].

High impact information on ERVE1

• In contrast, stimulation of monocytes decreased or had no effect on HERV-E expression [5].
• In this review, Pierre Ambroise-Thomas and Hervé Pelloux describe and compare the epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical features of these three different forms of the disease [6].
• In addition to elements closely related to ERV3, the group included the previously known retinoic acid-inducible element, RRHERVI, also referred to as HERV15, but was separate from the related HERV-E elements [7].
• A characteristic brain-specific retroviral activity profile was found that consists of members of the class I families HERV-E, HERV-F, and ERV9 and members of HERV-K taxa [8].
• These searches revealed a fusion transcript containing the LTR of an HERV-E element linked to the Opitz syndrome gene Mid1 [9].

Biological context of ERVE1

• No significant influence of point mutation or DNA polymorphism on HERV-E 4-1 Env protein production was recognized [3].
• Analysis of normal human DNA by Southern blot hybridization with three specific HERV-E molecular DNA probes revealed complex restriction-fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP), implying that the human genome contains diverse proviral structures and dispersed integration sites [10].
• Finally, we performed FISH mapping, which revealed sites of integration of HERV-E not previously identified at the cytogenetic level [4].
• HERV-E RNA expression was significantly higher in endometriotic tissue (average, SD) than in normal endometrium (average, SD), both measured as ratios versus control gene expression and as [11].
• Those HERV-E sequences were extensively proliferated in the genome of humans and great apes [12].

Anatomical context of ERVE1

• No peripheral blood lymphocytes showed HERV-E 4-1 Env protein production [3].
• Production of HERV-E 4-1 Env protein by alveolar macrophages was observed using indirect immunofluorescence in 3 IPF patients and 3 sarcoidosis patients (6/135) [3].
• However, expression in the adrenal gland showed consistently high levels in every individual. lambda 4-1 (HERV-E) mRNA was expressed less compared with that of ERV3, and could not be detected in the adrenal gland by Northern blot, although the expression of lambda 4-1 generally correlated with that of ERV-3 in placentas [13].
• Coamplification and dispersion of adjacent human endogenous retroviral HERV-H and HERV-E elements; presence of spliced hybrid transcripts in normal leukocytes [14].
• OBJECTIVES: To investigate the expression of HERV-E transmembrane envelope glycoprotein (HERV-E env) in normal, psoriatic and atopic human skin, and to examine the influence of ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation on HERV-E env expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes [15].

Associations of ERVE1 with chemical compounds

• One was a hybrid HERV-H protease/HERV-E integrase ORF and the other was the HERV-E envelope surface glycoprotein ORF [14].
• The inhibition by intracellular Ca2+ (0.2 microM) or by extracellularly added vanadate (50 microM) was reported (Seigneuret, M. and Devaux, P.F. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 3751-3755; Zachowski, A., Favre, E., Cribier, S., Hervé, P. and Devaux, P.F. (1986) Biochemistry 25, 2585-2590) [16].

Other interactions of ERVE1

• RESULTS: In the current study, the authors found that the mRNA of the env gene of one particular family of HERVs, HERV-E, was expressed in some prostate carcinoma tissues (38.8% positive; n = 49 specimens) but not in normal prostate tissues using RT-PCR, RNA ISH, and Northern blot assays [17].
• In addition, the pattern of expression of HERV-E env differed markedly in psoriasis vs. atopy [15].
• The transcription of human endogenous retrovirus E (HERV-E) clone 4-1 was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [18].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ERVE1

• In an RT-PCR study of HERV-H spliced subgenomic transcripts, we found transcripts with HERV-H leader and protease-encoding sequences spliced to HERV-E integrase-encoding sequences in lymphocytes from healthy blood donors [14].
• BLAST analysis of the PCR products identified a subgroup that shows low identity (75%) to the original clone M10976 and slightly higher identity (80%) to a closely related HERV-E (Ac. n. K02166) [4].
• CONCLUSIONS: The expression and distribution of multiple HERV-E endogenous retroviral elements in prostate carcinoma, but not in normal control specimens, suggests that they may serve as novel tumor markers for the early diagnosis and immunotherapy of patients with prostate carcinoma [17].
• Here, we examined the expression pattern and their relationships of the HERV-E in Japanese monkey tissues by RT-PCR and sequence analysis [12].
• Molecular cloning and phylogeny of HERV-E family that is expressed in Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) tissues [12].

References